of illusions ―manufactured for us by machines.‖
IV.Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.
7. … if the great myth of America is the story of progress, then Disney World serves
as the happy ending in which progress reaches the ideal state of utopia that goes beyond limits of our physical world and changes the decadent state of nature, society and ourselves.
8. … it does so by inviting us to see a world that is free from imperfection and to retreat
to a happy period before childhood ended which is marked by unsophistication, free from moral decay, both individual and social.
Writing strategies
When he uses ―visitors‖, ―they‖ and ―them‖, the author refers exclusively to people who enjoy the fun in Disney World, thus the readers are presented as bystanders. When he uses ―you‖ as in ―When you put all this together …‖ (Paragraph 3), the readers are invited to offer their critical judgment and consequently the shift shortens the distance between the readers and the issue under discussion. When he uses ―we‖ and ―us‖, the author draws the readers closer to the relevant issues, since what is discussed concerns all of us. Thus, the issues are rendered with a wider significance that is not merely limited to ―visitors‖ and ―them.‖
Language work
I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words. 1. refuse to obey, act against 2. taking part in, are expelled
3. we go beyond our uninteresting everyday world 4. works against/reverses the effect of, present day 5. lead/bring in, prosperity
6. serves as. disguise itself as.apppears to be, ends with 7. presented in, made more real and exciting 8. go back to ,remove
9. intrinsic, cheated/deceived 10. depend on
II. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. fictionlized 2. Containment 3. violation 4. perpetually 5. transcend 6. weigthtless 7. disenchantment 8. affluence 9. contraints 10. falsified
III. Fill in each of the blanks with a word or phrase taken from the bow in its appropriate
form
1.of the essence 2.revolved around 3.conform to 4.floated out through 5.concealing from 6.usher in
7.masquerading as 8.culminated in 9.brought to life 10.inherent in 11.magic wand 12.revealing about
IV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence. 1. a model of a problem or course of events made by computer 2. is not changed by/is withstanding 3. were sent out from 4. gradual 5. celebrate 6. remove
7. Don’t expect to find me here
8. a person with great admiration for himself 9. reaches/meets
10. spreading around/circulating among people
V. Correct the errors in the following passage. The passage contains ten errors, one in each indicated line. In each case, only one word is involved.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) name for put on Arabic was like or looked like public image others or other people to be used forgot head out of disgusting wrong preposition unnecessary – put on often means dress = the language; Arab = the people not the verb like (adj.) needs to have a plural sense passive past tense, narration (showed) sense (present part.) active – it disgusts you
VI. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word. 1.knwe 2.reality 3.interests 4.joined 5.covered 6.returned 7.career 8.start 9.success 10.with 11.production 12.won 13.released 14.technique 15.cost 16.considerde 17.motion 18.20th 19.past 20.never
Translation
I.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrased given in the brackets.
1. Mundane matters such as going to the market to buy food do not interest her. 2. I still remember my carefree student days.
3. It’s very difficult to undo the damage caused by inadequate parenting in a child’s early years. 4. The audience was clearly enchanted by her performance.
5. The Venice Film Festival has always been the showcase of the Italian cinema.
6. She suffered brain damage from a car accident and regressed to the mental age of a
five-year-old.
7. Be careful or he’ll take you for a ride.
8. Her story is a cautionary tale for women traveling alone.
9. She left her home and traveled across the sea in search of a utopia, but she never found it. 10. The essence of his argument was that education should continue throughout our lives.
II.Translate the following passage into English.
Movie experts say Walt Disney was responsible for the development of the art of animation. Disney’s artists tried to put life into every drawing. That meant they had to feel all the emotions of the cartoon creatures: happiness, sadness, anger, fear. The artists looked at themselves in a mirror and expressed each emotion: a smile, tears, a red face, wide-opened eyes. Then they drew that look on the face of each cartoon creature.
Key to exercises of Unit 5 KEY TO EXERCISES Text comprehension
I. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose. C
II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false. 1. T. Refer to Paragraph 1.
2. F. Such a vision has the same appeal to both old and young people, because these differences only make them more inclined to cherish the dream. Refer to Paragraph 3. 3. T. Refer to Paragraph 6.
4. F. Churches cannot solve the problem of American values, because they themselves seem to be uncertain about right and wrong. Refer to Paragraph 9. 5. T. Refer to Paragraphs 10 and 11. III. Answer the following questions.
1. In the author's view, the way the American people choose their presidents is similar to the way that they are made to choose soft drinks, though creative advertising, because both are based on fantasies -- fantasies they cherish and fantasies conjured up by the advertising world.
2. The American people tend to idealize their values and depict a picture-perfect land-scape about life, families, childhood and everything that is happy and healthy.
3. The trouble is that such American values are only what they wish for (fantasies), not what they do (reality).
4. One can find what the American people really value by examining whom they adore as their heroes, how they spend their money and what they choose to do with their spare time.
5. American people yearn for \so\
6. The author suggests that people should stop paying lip service about the hazy and romantic vision of American values. Instead, they should be fully aware of what they really are and do. IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.
1. For those who have not experienced the good old days of the past, we have created an idealized picture of America.
2. Generally the churches are no better than we are, because they are also ambivalent and uncertain about what is right and what is wrong.
Writing strategies
Now you are required to supply some supportive details in one or two sentences for each step: 1. American values are nothing but fantasies made up in the same way as those used by people who sell soft drinks.
2. American values have been idealized to such an extent that everything seems healthy and happy. The nature of such idealization is that we love to see the conjured-up image of ourselves more than our reality.
3. Real American values are indicated by whom people regard as their heroes and what they do with their money and spare time.
4. The root problem is that people are deprived of bottom-line moral disciplines for what should be done and what should not.
5. To have a clear understanding of what we really are, instead of a hazy romantic fantasy, is a sensible way to talk about American values. Language work
I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words. 1. what those political critics are saying with one voice 2. respond rudely to their parents 3. with nothing to worry about 4. made up 5. attracted to
6. finished serving a prison sentence 7. ought to/has the right to 8. meaningless and pointless
9. job to totally get rid of the source of something 10. which we idealize blindly
II. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.
1. fantasized 2. nostalgic 3. exotica 4. compassionate 5. articulation 6. decadent 7. pornographic 8. ethical 9. abdicated 10. haze
III. Fill in each of the blanks with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form. 1. participates in 2. fall into the trap of 3. turn on the charm 4. demonstrate 5. insecurities 6. are ... tolerant of 7. read his lips 8. a chorus of 9. hold a referendum 10. to nurture
IV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence. 1. perfect in appearance or quality/as beautiful as a picture 2. long period free of change 3. time period 4. left his job early 5. reach
6. do not have sufficient 7. remembered 8. occurrences
9. held her arms and legs close to her body because of fear 10. unharmed/in one piece
V. Correct the errors in the following passage. The passage contains ten errors, one in each
indicated line. In each case, only one word is involved.
(1) end of --- end of something (the end for someone; their collapse or failure) (2) obsessed --- to be obsessed by/with someone (possibly, obsessive about) (3) up --- follow up = check that something is carried out
(4) like --- we don't need both = a predator does its prey is a clause, so as is the better choice (5) will not --- sense
(6) neglected --- neglectful = one actively neglects ( Their parents were neglectful means the children were neglected. )
(7) related --- (adj.) onnected
(8) to --- persuade someone to do something (9) alone --- confusion
(10) therapy --- therapist refers to the specialist who gives the therapy, or treatment VI. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.
1. held 2. passed 3. discussion 4. number 5. creative 6. comprise 7. outnumber 8. accounts 9. rise 10. changed 11. longer 12. standard 13. living 14. trade 15. for 16. lower Translation
I. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.
1. Few people exude such confidence as Sam. 2. He has twice been convicted of arson.
3. After tracking down the drug baron for more than three years, they finally arres- ted him last week.
4. They were deprived of a normal childhood by the war.
5. The bank is planning to give its 1930s' building a complete face-lift. 6. The concept of thrift is foreign to me.
7. Children who talk back are regarded as cheeky and disrespectful. 8. It's not always easy to find a job after you've done time. 9. She has abdicated all responsibility for the project.
10. How am I expected to conjure up a meal for six of his friends with almost nothing in the fridge?
II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.
20世纪，美国梦遇到了挑战。大萧条使得二、三十年代的生活到处都很艰难，对那些直接受到影响的人们来说，现实与美国梦几乎正好相反。种族间的不安定依然存在，在国内的一些地方，种族暴力时有发生。
自从二战结束后，年轻的美国家庭开始追求相对舒适和稳定的生活，他们选择居住在大城市周边的市郊住宅区。因此50年代是一个相对保守的年代，当时，“完美家庭”是很多人心目中的美国梦的一部分，或者就是美国梦的结果本身。但这种保守的生活方式很快就被新一代人所鄙弃，60年代的年轻人用嬉皮士的价值观取代了包括美国梦在内的传统价值观。 虽说对于美国梦的追求在那些年中有所减弱，但美国梦从来就没有彻底地消亡过。
Key to exercises of Unit 6: