2018-2019学年 I. Grammar
Please mind the silence金榜题名，高考必胜!蝉鸣声里勾起高考记忆三年的生活，每天睡眠不足六个小时，十二节四十五分钟的课加上早晚自习，每天可以用完一支中性笔，在无数杯速溶咖啡的刺激下，依然活蹦乱跳，当我穿过昏暗的清晨走向教学楼时，我看到了远方地平线上渐渐升起的黎明充满自信，相信自己很多考生失利不是输在知识技能上而是败在信心上，觉得自己不行。临近考试前可以设置完成一些小目标，比如说今天走1万步等，考试之前给自己打气，告诉自己“我一定行”!
Despite being used by 1.34 billion people each year, traveling on the Tube in
London can actually be quite lonely. An unwritten rule encouraging silence, mixed with classic British reserve,
means that ________ ________ you’re packed into an enclosed space with hundreds of other people, the morning commute (上下班) can leave you feeling somewhat isolated.
One London resident, however, is trying to change this.
“You get on the Tube here and ifs completely silent and ifs weird,\says Jonathan
Dunne, 42, an American living in London, who has, ironically, started _________ worldwide dialogue after giving out badges (徽章) with the slogan “Tube chat?” last month, encouraging commuters in London to get talking to one another. “I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million, expecting many refusals and most of them _________ (throw) away, but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed,” he says.
Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign ________(feature) in media across the world
ever since, seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the UK, as well as countless website, newspaper and magazine appearances.
Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback, not everyone agrees
with his sentiment. Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of ________ own, handing out 500 badges with the words ‘‘Don’t even think about it” on them.
“I ________ hardly stand the idea of having to talk to strangers on the Tube on
my way to work,” he told the BBC. Michael Robinson, 24, a student from London, agrees. “Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and ________work. It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you,” he says. While London has its seemingly antisocial set of regulations to follow,
not everywhere lacks a sense of community.
Does Dunne hope that some of this community spirit ______ ____(mirror) in the UK
following his campaign? “People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, ________ I don’t, but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to,” he says.
“On Monday, Oct 10, the curator (馆长) of the London Transport Museum had me over for tea.”
So if you ever end up ________ (use) public transport in the West, why not say
hello to the person next to you? Just make sure to check for a badge first.
II. Vocabulary A. overtook B. promising C. likelihood D. ridiculous E. sharedF. controlled I. trend J. tracked K. G beliefs H. reasonable demonstrated
The rise in stories describing events that never happened, often involving fake
people in fake places, has led to Facebook and Google’s _______ to deal with them. But are we really so easy to fool? According to several studies, the answer is yes: even the most obvious fake news starts to become believable if it’s _______ enough times.
In the months running up to the US election there was a surge(大浪) in fake news.
According
to an analysis by Craig Silverman, a journalist, during this time the top 20 fake stories in circulation ________ the top 20 stories from 19 mainstream publishers.
Paul Horner, a creative publisher of fake news, has said he believes Donald Trump
was elected because of him. “My sites were picked up by Trump supporters all the time? His followers don’t fact-check anything – they’ll post everything, believe anything,” he told the Washington Post.
Silverman previously ________ rumours circulating online in 2014 and found that
shares and social interactions around fake news articles dwarfed (使...相形见绌) those of the articles that exposed them. According to Silverman, fake news stories are engineered to appeal to people’s hopes and fears, and aren’t ________ by reality, which gives them the edge in creating shareable content.
You might think you’re immune to falling for these lies, but a wealth of research
disagrees. Back in the 1940s, researchers found that “the more a rumour is told, the more ________ it sounds”. They suggested this means that a rumour born out of mild suspicion can, by gaining currency, shift public thinking and opinion.
This false impression of truth was ________ practically in 1977 when researchers
in the US quizzed college students on the actuality of statements that they were told may be true or false. The researchers found that simply repeating the statements at a later date was enough to increase the ________ of the students believing them.
Last year, Lisa Fazio at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee and her team found that
students become more likely to believe a statement that they know must be false if it is repeated.
“Our research suggests that false news can and likely does affect people’s
_______. Even if people are conscious that a headline is false, reading it multiple times will make it seem more trustworthy,” Fazio says.
Reassuringly, the team found that a person’s knowledge still has a large
influence over their beliefs, but it’s still a worrying ________ given that falsehoods appear repeatedly in our newsfeeds every day.
III.Cloze
Two key climate change indicators — global surface temperatures and Arctic sea
ice extent — have broken numerous records through the first half of 2016, according to NASA analyses of ground-based observations and satellite data. Each of the first six months of 2016 set a record as the warmest ________ month globally in the modern temperature record, which ______1880, according to scientists at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York. The six-month period from January to June was also the planet's warmest half-year on record, with a(n) ________ temperature