(江苏版)2019届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第十讲情态

2018-11-09 14:55

情态动词和虚拟语气

1.(2018·江苏运河中学考试)—Mary, how did your Math test go?

—I had thought I ________, but in fact I came in the top 10 in my class. A.should have failed C.might have failed

B.couldn’t have failed D.shouldn’t have failed

C 解析:句意:——玛丽, 你的数学测试怎么样?——我本认为可能不及格, 但是事实上我在我们班前10名。 根据句意可知是对过去不太肯定的推测, 故选C。

2.(2018·扬州中学模拟)—Could you please have my car ready today?

—Sure. The damage is not that serious, so it ________ be ready by 5:00 pm. A.could C.should

B.might D.need

C 解析:句意:——今天你能把我汽车修好吗?——当然。 毁坏不是那么严重, 因此应该在下午五点修好。 should表示允诺。

3.(2018·江苏四市调研)The measure of a man’s real character is what he ________ if he ________ he would never be found out.

A.would do; knew C.might do; knows

B.may do; knew D.should do; had known

A 解析:句意:衡量一个人真正的品质, 要看他在知道永远也不会被人发现的情况下做什么。 此句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气, if从句用一般过去时, 主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形。 故选A。

4.(2018·泰州模拟)Fortunately enough, the old man was rushed to the hospital in time. Three minutes late, and he ________.

A.would die C.should have died

B.was to die D.would have died

D 解析:句意:足够幸运的是, 老人被及时送往医院。 再晚三分钟的话, 他就完了。 题干语境是过去时, 老人现在健在, 如果晚送三分钟, 这件事没有发生。 这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气, 应用“would/could/might/should+have+过去分词”结构。 所以选D。

5.—Could you give me a ride to the railway station?I’m going to be late. —I’ll take the nearest route. You________be in time for the train. A.shall C.may

B.can D.need

A 解析:考查情态动词。 句意:——你能开车送我去火车站吗?我要晚了。 ——我

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会走最近的路线。 你一定能及时赶上火车。 shall可以用于第二、三人称, 表示允诺、命令、警告、威胁等语气。

6.It was a fine day yesterday. I________have taken my raincoat with me. A.couldn’t C.wouldn’t

B.needn’t D.mustn’t

B 解析:考查情态动词。 句意:昨天是个好天, 我本不必带雨衣。 needn’t have done sth.“本不必做某事”, 符合句意。

7.(2018·北京东城区高三质检)Studying abroad________be stressful, because you have to worry about adjusting to a new culture at the same time.

A.can C.must

B.need D.should

A 解析:考查情态动词。 由because引导的原因状语从句的内容可知, 出国学习可能会很有压力。 can用于肯定句中, 意为“可能会”。

8.When you arrive at the front door, you won’t need a key because the door ________ open with a touch of your finger.

A.must C.need

B.might D.will

D 解析:考查情态动词。 句意:你到前门时, 不需要钥匙, 因为用你的手指一碰,门就会开了。 will在此表示“会”。

9.(2018·盐城模拟)If you had listened to me, we________at the party. Move over. I’ll drive.

A.are C.would be

B.were

D.would have been

C 解析:句意:要是当初你听我的, 那么我们现在就在聚会现场了。 你让开, 我来开车。 if从句表示与过去事实相反的假设, 而本空表示与现在的实际情况相反的假设, 说话人此时还在路上, 因此选C项。

10.Had it not been for the postal strike, my letter home ________ been held up.

A.might not have C.must not have

B.should not have D.may not have

A 解析:考查虚拟语气。 句意:如果不是邮政罢工, 我寄出的那封家书也不会被耽搁。 由“had it not been for...”可看出, 邮政罢工发生在过去, 因此, 家书寄出后被耽搁也发生在过去。 might not have done表示对过去事情的虚拟假设, 意为“原本不可能做某事”。

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11.(2018·天津模拟)—But for your timely warning, we ________ into great trouble.

—Well, you know we’re friends. A.would get C.would have got

B.must have got D.can’ t have got

C 解析:考查虚拟语气。 句意:——要不是你及时提醒, 我们也许已经陷入麻烦中了。 ——好了, 你知道我们是朋友啊。 but for意为“要不是, 如果没有”, 后接名词, 相当于一个if条件句, 根据句意可知, 本题中if条件句与过去事实相反, 即if you hadn’t warned us, 此时主句谓语动词应用would have done表虚拟。

12.(2018·苏州模拟)—I think Tom should have invited Mary to the party. —It’s none of our business. If Tom had intended to invite her, he________. A.will have C.might have

B.would D.should

C 解析:考查虚拟语气和省略。 句意:——我认为汤姆本应该邀请玛丽来参加晚会的。 ——这和我们无关。 如果汤姆打算邀请她的话, 他早就做了。 根据语境可知, 此处是和过去事实相反的虚拟语气, 故主句用would/could/might have done形式, 且此处的助动词have不能省略, 故C项正确。

13.It’s everybody’s desire that every effort________to reduce the pollution in our hometown.

A.was made C.will be made

B.be made D.would be made

B 解析:考查虚拟语气。 desire后的宾语从句及所在句子中的名词性从句, 均应使用虚拟语气, 虚拟形式为“should+动词原形”, 其中should可省略, 故选B项。

14.It is required that the new employees________safety training before they start to work.

A.must provide C.be provided

B.provide

D.shall be provided

C 解析:考查虚拟语气。 动词require后面的主语从句要用虚拟语气, 从句谓语应用“(should+)动词原形”。 employees和provide之间存在被动关系, 故用被动形式。 句意:根据要求在雇员上岗前应给予他们安全培训。

15.—How do you find the movie last night? —It’s so boring. I wish I________it. A.haven’t seen C.didn’t see

B.hadn’t seen D.don’t see

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B 解析:考查虚拟语气。 wish后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。 此处是与过去事实相反的愿望, 从句用过去完成时。

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