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17秋18春《大学英语(三)》在线作业1
阅读理解 完型填空
一、阅读理解（共 4 道试题，共 40 分。）
1. Our child’s behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react to what he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our child will repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different. This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.
The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment---people, places and things---immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.
On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. In these examples, a particular behavior occurred first---cleaning up a room and fighting.
In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior---the child was praised, sent to his room. By these actions, we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped to determine whether those behaviors will occur again in the future.
1). What is the passage mainly about? A. Children and environment.
B. Children’s behavior and fighting.
C. Children’s behavior and people’s response. D. Children and principles. 正确答案：C
2). On what kind of principle is this passage based? A. A principle in chemistry.
B. A principle in behavioral psychology. C. A principle in physics.
D. A principle in social psychology. 正确答案：B
3). Who do you think the readers of the passage might be? A. Teachers. B. Doctors. C. Students. D. Parents. 正确答案：D
4). According to the passage, why was the child sent to his room? A. As a kind of punishment.
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B. As a kind of reward.
C. As an experiment on the principle. D. As an example of the principle. 正确答案：A
5). What does the writer mean by “environment”? A. Rooms.
B. Water and air.
C. People, places and things. D. Family and friends. 正确答案：C 2.
At the European Commission in Brussels, they have a joke about the work interpreters do – “languages”, they say, “have nothing to do with interpretation,” which helps to know them. Anyone thinking of becoming an interpreter would bear this so well in mind. Translating languages, especially in a political context, involves far more than mere linguistic ability.
To work in an international organization, such as the United Nations, you need to be approved by one of the various international translators’ or interpreters’ associations. To achieve this, you must experience rigorous and lengthy training, either at an authorized organization’s own school, or on a postgraduate course at university. But a qualification in languages is not the only route into the job. At London’s University of Westminster, candidates get offered a place on the interpreter’s course if they can show that they have “lived a bit”, in the words of one lecture. Young people who have just left university often lack adequate experience of life. The university also looks for candidates who have lived for long time in the countries where their acquired languages are spoken. They are also expected to have wide cultural interests and a good knowledge of current affairs. This broad range of interests are essential in a job which can require interpreting discussions of disarmament (裁军) on Monday, international fishing rights on Tuesday, multinational finance on Wednesday, and the building and construction industry on Thursday. Interpreters also rely on adrenaline (肾上腺素) — which is caused by the stress and challenges of the job — to keep them going through their demanding schedules. Many admit that they enjoy the buzz of adrenaline they get from the job, and it’s known that their heart rates speed up while they are working.
It’s also a job with its own risks and excitement. Interpreters are needed in war zones as well as in centers of international diplomacy, like the UN. 1). What does “have lived a bit” mean? A. To be older than others. B. To travel to more countries.
C. To have abundant life experience.
D. To have longer training in interpreting. 正确答案：C
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2). Candidates for the training course in London’s University of Westminster need the following qualifications EXCEPT ______. A. having wide cultural interests
B. having a good knowledge of current affairs
C. being familiar with the languages they translate D. being eloquent lectures 正确答案：D
3). The interpreters rely on adrenaline because ______. A. it can help finish their work quickly B. it can make them excited
C. it can prevent them from heart disease D. it can make them work harder 正确答案：B
4). According to the passage, we can infer that ______. A. language has nothing to do with interpreting
B. only those postgraduates from the foreign language universities can work as interpreters
C. interpreters must live in the country where the required language is spoken D. interpreters build the bridge for international communication 正确答案：D
5). The job as interpreter has the following characteristics EXCEPT ______. A. funny B. daring
C. dangerous sometimes D. exciting 正确答案：A 3.
Almost every family buys as least one copy of a newspaper every day. Some people subscribe to as many as two or three different newspapers. But why do people read newspapers? Five hundred years ago, news of important happenings--battles lost and won, kings or rulers overthrown (推翻) or killed took months and even years to travel from one country to another. The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate. Today we can read in our newspapers of important events that occur in far away countries on the same day they happen.
Apart from supplying news from all over the world, newspapers give us a lot of other useful information. There are weather reports, radio, television and film guides, book reviews, stories, and of course, advertisements. The bigger ones are put in by large companies to bring attention to their products. They pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for the advertising space, but it is worth the money for news of their products goes into almost every home in the country. For those who produce newspapers, advertisements are also very important. Money earned from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell their newspapers at a low price and still make
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a profit.
1). The phrase \A. go to the newspaper stand and buy B. send their own news stories to
C. agree to buy for a specific period of time
D. become faithful readers of 正确答案：C
2). The habit of reading newspapers is _________ . A. widespread
B. found among a few families
C. not popular D. uncommon 正确答案：A
3). Before the time of the newspaper, __________ . A. bad news traveled quickly and good news slowly
B. few people cared about events that took place in far away countries
C. kings and rulers were often overthrown or killed
D. news was passed from one person to another 正确答案：D
4). The author seems to agree that money spent on advertisements is _________ . A. wasted B. not much
C. well spent D. of no use to anyone 正确答案：C
5). which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Five hundred years ago it took a long time for news to reach other countries. B. Newspaper advertisements turn people's attention away from their products C. The news that we read in newspapers is mainly about new products.
D. When newspapers are sold at a low price, the newspaper producers will lose money.
正确答案：A
4. When Mrs. Joseph Groeger died recently in Vienna, Austria, people asked the obvious, “Why did she live to be 107?” Answers were provided by a survey conducted among 148 Viennese men and women who had reached the age of 100. Somewhat surprising was the fact that the majority had lived most of their lives in cities. In spite of
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the city’s image as an unhealthy place, city living often provides benefits that county living can lack. One factor seems to be important to the longevity (长寿) of those interviewed.
This factor is exercise. In the cities it is often faster to walk short distances than to wait for a bus. Even taking public transportation often requires some walking. Smaller apartment houses have no elevators (电梯), and so people must climb stairs. City people can usually walk to local supermarkets. Since parking spaces are hard to find, there is often no alternative to walking.
On the other hand, those who live in the country and suburbs do not have to walk every day. In fact, the opposite is often true. To go to school, work, or almost anywhere else, they must ride in cars.
1). The Vienna survey may help to explain _______. A. the complaints of people in apartment houses
B. the cause of Mrs. Groeger’s death
C. the longevity of people like Mrs. Groeger
D. the image of cities in general 正确答案：C
2). The purpose of the second paragraph is to list some _______. A. benefits of walking
B. occasions for walking in city life
C. comments made by city people
D. problems of city living 正确答案：B
3). To reach the third floor of a building, it would probably be most healthful ____. A. to take the elevator B. to walk up the stairs
C. to ride in a car
D. to find an alternative to walking 正确答案：B
4). People who live in the country probably do more driving than walking because _______.
A. they don’t live near business areas B. they don’t need the exercise
C. they never have parking problems