Lesson 1
II. Vocabulary
A. Choose the best word from the four choices to complete each of the following sentences.
1. There has been much opposition from some social groups, ______ from the farming community.
A. straightforwardly B. notably C. virtually D. exceptionally
2. The ______ view in Britain and other Western countries associates aging with decline, dependency, isolation, and often poverty. A. predominant B. credulous C. inclusive D. sustainable
3. But gifts such as these cannot be awarded to everybody, either by judges or by the most ___ of governments./ reward?rewarding A. tough B. demanding C. diverse D. benign
4. The foreman read the ______ of guilty fourteen times, one for each defendant. A. prejudice B. verification C. verdict D. punishment
5. They fear it could have a(n) ______ effect on global financial markets. A. sizeable B. adverse(negative) C. beneficial D. consequential
6. The UN threatened to ______ economic sanctions if the talks were broken off. A. engage B. pursue C. abandon/ abundant D. invoke
7. There are at least four crucial differences between the new ______ and the old government.
A. regimeB. hegemony C. complex D. federation/ fedal<->federal, confederate)
8. These questions ______ a challenge to established attitude of superiority toward the outside world. A. evolve B. constitute C. tolerate D. aroused
9. Because of this, a strong administrative ______ was needed to plan the use of scarce resources, organize production and regulate distribution. A. apparatus B. constitution C. insistence D. promotion
10. I learnt that there are no genuinely ______ animals in this area, all the animals were brought here from other places. A. endangered B. domesticated C. indigenous D. extinct
Lesson 6
II. Vocabulary
A. Read the following sentences and decide winch of the four choices below each sentence is closest in meaning to the underlined word.
1. I advocate (vt./n.) a (whole->) holistic recognition that biology and culture interpenetrate in an inextricable manner (way). A. complicated B. unavoidable C. customary D. incomprehensible 2. The (Rome-> romance) romantic painting movement introduced a taste for the mysterious as well as (=and) a love of the picturesque and sublime nature. A. immense B. fascinating (attractive) C. magnificent (great/ noble) D. enchanting (attractive) 3. One important feature (property/ character; feature story专题报道) of the period was the growth (development) of Buddhism. Its adherents honored the Buddha in order to be reborn in his paradise (heaven). A. sponsors(vt./n.) B. supporters C. advocators D. (advise->advice) advisors 4. As censorship was extremely strict in that period, little authentic news came out of the country (Churchill: iron-curtain country). A. negative B. (astro-/ aster-:星象) disastrous C. official(a./n.) D. reliable
5. If a block of wood is completely immersed in water, the upward force is greater than the weight of the wood. A. dipped B. pressed C. forced D. pushed
6. According to Zhuangzi, a Daoist (道家) philosopher of the late 4th century B.C., through mystical (unite->) union with the Dao the individual could transcend nature and even life and death.
A. dissolve(->solvent) B. upraise (bring up) C. surpass D. depress (->suppress) 7. As (when) economic growth ground to a halt (stop), the local populations grew (became) more and more disaffected. A. indifferent B. resentful C. unvalued D. (dignity->)indignant (->angry) 8. (capital penalty死刑) Capitalism was beset (be troubled) by (circle->)cycles (->recycle) of \and bust\periods of expansion and prosperity followed by economic collapse [->collapsible] and waves of unemployment. [beheaded= killed] A. failure B. transition C. (lose->lost->)loss D. depression [the Great Depression] 9. At that time (=then), life was nearly as taxing (burdensome/ tiring) for all-black bands: black musicians were required to use kitchen (restaurant) entrances and service elevators (=lift; escalator), which forced them to confront the ugly realities of racial discrimination. [Hard Times] A. miserable B. hard (=difficult) C. unbearable D. harsh(=severe)
10. Modern and implicit (<->explicit) censorship has nothing like the power of the old system and contrary opinion is never entirely stifled. A. released B. arrested
C. retarded (->retardant) D. prohibited [pro-: (1)officially; (2)forward]
Lesson 8
II. Vocabulary
A Read the following .sentences and decide which of the four choices below each sentence is closest in meaning to the underlined word.
1. The company began aggressive advertising campaigns, increased its variety (categories) of beers, and further expanded its markets. By 1991 Coors beer was available (=on sale) in all 50 states. It also worked to improve its image and quell（制止, 结束, 镇压）ongoing (ever-lasting)
boycotts.
A. investigate B. condemn C. crush D. forbid
2. With his strong right-wing views, and close affiliation（联系，隶属） to the military, he'd long been regarded as a (swear) sworn enemy of the people. A. emotion B. association C. communication D. reaction
3. Adams supported what became known as the Boston tea party, and thereafter he firmly supported the patriotic（爱国的）measures that led step by step to American independence. A. passionate B. moderate C. radical D. nationalistic
4. The best hope is that we will have a rapid mobilization（动员） of international opinion in support of the movement. A. calling up B. bringing up C. catching up (with) D. getting up
5. When he was there (be present), he often gave food and coins to the destitute（贫苦的）children who lived on the street. A. deserted B. poor C. homeless D. despaired (->desperate: adj.)
6. Combining social commentary with rhythmic lyrics(词), heavy bass beats, and remixed or original melodies, rap is one of the most controversial of black musical forms. A. words B. music C. band D. dance
7. The history of newspapers, magazines, and other publications in the country has varied, depending upon the level of censorship(书报审查制度) in the ruling government. A. support B. sponsor C. control D. restoration
8. The cause of the incidence has been kept off the air in the radio by the administration. A. secret B. not broadcasted C. publicized D. not known
9. He took out a court injunction (法令，判决) against the newspaper demanding the return of the document.
A. sentence (sb. to death) B. bias C. suspension (bridge) D. order
10. A great cheer went up from the crowd as (=when) they caught sight of (noticed) their idol(偶像). A. figure B. idea C. hero D. foe(敌人)