【重点词汇突破】
1.majority n．大多数；大半
(2014·安徽卷阅读D)So，let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people.
因此，我们可以设想历史建筑物对于大多数人来说是既有吸引力又很重要。 (1) a/the majority of 大多数…… be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数 (2)minority n． 少数 in the minority 占少数 (3)major n．& v． 主修；专业 major in 主修……；以……为专业
①An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.看来意见达成一致是不可能了，因为大多数委员会成员都表示反对。
②I graduated from Chongqing Normal University and majored in information management. 我毕业于重庆师范大学信息管理专业。
名师指津：the/a majority of＋名词，表示“大多数”。谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。
【举一反三】
(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The majority of people ________ (find) it quite hard to live on the money they earn. 答案： find
②The murder shocked the Americans，the majority of whom ________(be) peace-loving and non-violent. 答案： are
③One-third of the country________covered with trees and the majority of the citizens________black people.(be)
答案： is；are (2)完成句子
①____________________________(大多数市民) consider an ordinary job boring or even valueless. 答案： The majority of citizens
②Among the members of the committee those who are in favour of the plan are ________________________(占大多数)．
答案： in the majority 2.means n．手段；方法
(陕西卷书面表达)Furthermore，punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and
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physically.
此外，惩罚绝不是一个帮助他们在精神上和身体上健康成长的明智选择。 by this means 通过这种方法
by means of 用……办法；借助…… by all means 一定；务必；好的，当然可以
by no means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) by every means 用尽一切可能的办法
①(朗文P1277)Millions of Chinese rely on bicycles as their important means of transportation. 自行车是数百万中国人赖以出行的重要交通工具。
②She could not speak，but made her wishes known by means of signs.她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。
③True happiness lies in achieving wealth by fair means. 真正的幸福在于通过公平手段获得财富。 【举一反三】
(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空
They tried all means，which possibly________(be) helpful，but unfortunately not a means________(have) worked so far.
答案： are；has (2)完成句子
①他对工作一点也不满意，他要求我们不惜一切代价完成这项任务。
______________was he satisfied with the job and he asked us to finish the task______________. 答案： By no means；by all means ②My
best
friend
，
Amy
，
is
always
supportive
，
so
her
friendship
undoubtedly__________________________(对我来说很重要)．
答案： means a great deal to me
③________________________________(只有通过这种方法) can you work out the problem. 答案： Only by this means ④—May I use your pen?
—____________________________(当然可以)． 答案： By all means 3.occur vi.发生；出现
(2014·天津卷阅读D)It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. 我们没有想到走读是个巨大的困难。 (1)sth.occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that... 某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然做某事 (2)occurrence n． 发生；出现；(偶然)事件
①I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred.我正沿街寻找停车点时，突然发生了事故。
②It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。 【举一反三】 (1)完成句子
在剑桥工作时，巴比奇想到了一个新主意。
(辽宁卷)When Babbage was working at Cambridge，a new idea _____________________. 答案： occurred to him (2)一句多译
他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。
①__________________________________he had left his keys in the office. 答案： It occurred to him that
②__________________________________he had left his keys in the office. 答案： It hit him that
③__________________________________he had left his keys in the office. 答案： It struck him that
4.indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示
教材原句P7：Try to use the expressions above to indicate that you are listening carefully to your partner. 试着用上面的表达表明你在认真听同伴的讲述。 (1)indicate sth.to sb. 向某人指出、暗示某物 (2)indicate that... 示意；表明；暗示；说明 (3)indication n． 暗示；表示；预兆
①(北京卷开放作文)As indicated in the picture，if the man is willing to look for other possibilities，he can find a better and more rewarding way to achieve his goal.
图片中显示，如果这个人愿意寻找其他的可能性，他能找到一个更好的、更有益的方式来实现他的目标。
②(牛津P1038)A red sky at night often indicates fine weather the next day.夜空呈红色往往预兆第二天天气晴朗。
【举一反三】
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
①There is a great deal of evidence________________(indicate) that listening to soft music can reduce stress. 答案： indicating
②The way you spend your money may________(indication) your attitude towards life. 答案： indicate 【短语突破】
1.take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗
教材原句P8：It’s a 79 km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。
一词多义
写出下列句中take in的含义
①This is the total cost of the holiday，taking everything in.包括
②Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.欺骗③I found it easy to take in what the teacher had taught.理解
④I managed to rent a big enough house to take in a handful of people.收留 take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 take on 呈现；雇用 take over 接收；接管；取代 take up 占去；占据；开始；从事【举一反三】用take的相关短语填空
①Since Jerry is absent today，let’s get someone else to ________ the work where it was left off yesterday. 答案： take up
②Bill Gates is really a great man，whose career________in his early thirties. 答案： took off
③Some students found it hard to __________what their teacher had taught，so they asked him to explain it again.
答案： take in
④Hurry up！The plane__________________in ten minutes. 答案： is taking off
⑤In the past few years，the village has__________a new look. 答案： taken on
2.make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生
(教材原句P2)Some died or returned home，but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.
有些人死了或回家了，但是大多数人留在加利福尼亚谋生，尽管困难重重。
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(1)come to life 苏醒；变得活跃 live/lead a．..life 过着……生活 come back to life 苏醒过来；恢复生气
bring...back to life 使……苏醒过来；给……活力 start/make a new life 开始新生活 (2)make/earn a/one’s living谋生
①(2014·江西卷满分作文)In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging and you will try to make a life for yourself.接下来三年，我们的学校生活会有挑战性，你会努力习惯新的生活。
②The village，which had seemed deserted，immediately came to life.这个原来似乎杳无人烟的村庄顿时恢复了生机。
【举一反三】完成句子
①They went to the West and decided to ____________________(创造新生活) there. 答案： make a new life
②In my opinion，it is not so helpful to give someone some bread as it is to teach him________________(如何谋生)．
答案： how to make a living 【句法语法突破】
1.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。
(1)This/That is why...为表语从句的常用句型结构，意为“这/那就是为什么……”，用来表示原因。 (2)That’s because...这是因为……，because从句表示原因
(3)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……，表语从句常用that引导，而不用because。 ①Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill. 汤姆开会迟到了，那是他病了。
②Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting. 汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。
③The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。 【举一反三】
(1)用why，because填空
①—Have you heard the news that he was admitted into Beijing University? —Yes，that’s ________ he worked so hard all the time，so his efforts paid off. 答案： because
②—You see，I’m poor in math，but good at English，while you are good at math，but weak in English. —That’s________we should help each other.