3.Harmful 有害的
Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful
4.Rich 富有的
Wealthy、Affluent
5.Poor 贫穷的
Impoverished
7.Serious 严重的
Severe
8.Obvious 明显的
Manifest、Apparent、Evident
9.cheap 便宜的
Economical、Inexpensive
名词替换：
1.Forefather 祖先
Ancestor、Predecessor
2.Difference不同
Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction
3.Crime 犯罪
Delinquency、Criminal Act
4.Environment 环境
Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience
5.Pollution 污染
Contamination
6.Human 人类
The human race
Humanity
Humankind
7.Danger 危险
Peril、Hazard
8.In modern society 在当今社会
In contemporary society
In present-day society
In this day and age（这是最牛的说法各种动物的英文单词
horse 马 mare 母马
colt, foal 马驹,小马 pony 矮马
thoroughbred 纯种马 mustang 野马 mule 骡
ass, donkey 骡 ox 牛
buffalo 水牛 bull 公牛 cow 母牛
calf 小牛, 牛犊
bullock, steer 小阉牛 heifer 小母牛 pig, swine 猪 boar 种猪
hog 阉猪, 肥猪 gilt 小母猪 piglet 猪崽 sheep 羊 ewe 母羊 goat 山羊
lamb 羊羔,羔羊 zebra 斑马 antilope 羚羊 gazelle 小羚羊 deer 鹿
reindeer 驯鹿 giraffe 长颈鹿 camel 骆驼
dromedary 单峰驼 llama 大羊驼 guanaco 原驼 alpaca 羊驼 vicuna 小羊驼
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elephant 象 rhinoceros 犀牛 hippopotamus 河马 cat 猫
tabby, she-cat, grimalkin 雌猫 tomcat 雄猫, 公猫 kitten, kitty, pussy 小猫 lion 狮 lynx 猞猁
panther, puma 美洲豹 leopard 豹 tiger 虎
wildcat 野猫 bison 美洲野牛 yak 牦牛 dog 狗 badger 獾
weasel 鼬,黄鼠狼 otter 水獭 fox 狐
hyena, hyaena 鬣狗 wolf 狼
squirrel 松鼠 dormouse 睡鼠 beaver 河狸 marmot 土拨鼠 ferret 雪貂 bear 熊 rabbit 兔子 hare 野兔 rat 鼠
chinchilla 南美栗鼠 gopher 囊地鼠 Guinea pig 豚鼠 marmot 土拨鼠 mole 鼹鼠 mouse 家鼠 vole 田鼠 monkey 猴子
chimpanzee 黑猩猩 gorilla 大猩猩 orangutan 猩猩 gibbon 长臂猿 sloth 獭猴
anteater 食蚁兽
duckbill, platypus 鸭嘴兽 kangaroo 袋鼠
koala 考拉, 树袋熊 hedgehog 刺猬
porcupine 箭猪, 豪猪 bat 蝙蝠
armadillo 犰狳
whale 鲸 dolphin 河豚
porpoise 大西洋鼠海豚 seal 海豹 walrus 海象
eagle 鹰
bald eagle 白头鹰 condor 秃鹰 hawk, falcon 隼 heron 苍鹰 golden eagle 鹫 kite 鹞
vulture 秃鹫 cock 公鸡 hen 母鸡
chicken 鸡, 雏鸡 guinea, fowl 珍珠鸡 turkey 火鸡 peacock 孔雀 duck 鸭
mallard 野鸭, 凫 teal 小野鸭 gannet 塘鹅 goose 鹅 pelican 鹈鹕 cormorant 鸬鹚 swan 天鹅 cob 雄天鹅 cygnet 小天鹅
gander, wild goose 雁 dove 鸽 pigeon 野鸽 turtle dove 斑鸠 pheasant 雉, 野鸡 grouse 松鸡
partridge 石鸡, 鹧鸪 ptarmigan 雷鸟 quail 鹌鹑 ostrich 鸵鸟 stork 鹳
woodcock 山鹬 snipe 鹬
gull, seagull 海鸥 albatross 信天翁 kingfisher 翠鸟
bird of paradise 极乐鸟, 天堂鸟woodpecker 啄木鸟 parrot 鹦鹉
cockatoo 大葵花鹦鹉 macaw 金刚鹦鹉 parakeet 长尾鹦鹉
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cuckoo 杜鹃,布谷鸟 crow 乌鸦 blackbird 乌鸫 magpie 喜鹊 swallow 燕子 sparrow 麻雀 nightingale 夜莺 canary 金丝雀 starling 八哥 thrush 画眉
goldfinch 金翅雀 chaffinch 苍头燕雀 robin 知更鸟 plover 千鸟 lark 百鸟,云雀 swift 褐雨燕
whitethroat 白喉雀 hummingbird 蜂雀 penguin 企鹅 owl 枭,猫头鹰
scops owl 角枭,耳鸟
snake 蛇
adder, viper 蝰蛇 boa 王蛇 cobra 眼镜蛇
copperhead 美洲腹蛇 coral snake 银环蛇 grass snake 草蛇 moccasin 嗜鱼蛇 python 蟒蛇
rattlesnake 响尾蛇 lizard 蜥蜴 tuatara 古蜥蜴
chameleon 变色龙,避役 iguana 鬣蜥 wall lizard 壁虎
salamander, triton, newt 蝾螈 giant salamander 娃娃鱼, 鲵 crocodile 鳄鱼, 非洲鳄 alligator 短吻鳄, 美洲鳄 caiman, cayman 凯门鳄 gavial 印度鳄 turtle 龟 tortoise 玳瑁 sea turtle 海龟 frog 青蛙 bullfrog 牛蛙 toad 蟾蜍 英语连接词
表递进moreover, in addition, what is more，furthermore, also, then, besides, etc.表转折however,
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nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, etc.表层次on the one hand, ... on the other hand; first, ... second, ... finally;表强调firstly, ... secondly, ... finally ...; first, ... then ... etc.表强调in fact, indeed, actually, as a matter of fact, obviously, apparently,表结果evidently, first of all, undoubtedly, without any shadow of doubt, etc.表结尾therefore, as a result, then, consequently, accordingly, thus, etc.表例举in a word, in conclusion, therefore, in short, to sum up, etc.表强调still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.表比较like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.表对比by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.表列举for example, for instance, such as, take ...for example. Except (for), to illustrate.表时间later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while. first after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on 表顺序first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.表可能presumably, probably, perhaps.表解释in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.表递进What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.表让步although, after all, in spite of..., despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.表转折however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately. whereas表原因for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.表结果as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.表总结on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他类型连接词
Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,表空间near to far from in the front of beside behind to the right to the left on the other side of 表举例 for example to name a few, say ,
such as 表递进in addition furthermore what’s more what’s worse 表对比whereas while as opposed to by contrast by comparison 表示时间与频率的词汇:in general, every, some, after, on the whole, usually, most, at other times, in most cases, frequently, main, finally, as a rule, rarely, before, meanwhile.表示附加的词:additionally, as well as, just as, again, along with, also, further, furthermore, likewise, in the same manner, in the same way, in addition to,
引出例子:for example, namely, for instance, as an example, that is
表示转折:although, instead, rather than, but, nevertheless, though, however, on the other hand, otherwise
得出结论:all in all, in consequence, in brief, as a result, the point is, in conclusion, therefore, hence, in sum.
表示增加的过渡词：also，and，and then，too，in addition，furthermore，moreover，again，on top of that，another，first second third等。
表示时间顺序的过渡词：now，then，before，after，afterwards，earlier，later，immediately，soon，next，in a few days，gradually，suddenly，finally等。
表示空间顺序的过渡词：near（to），far（from），in front of，behind，beside，beyond，above，below，to the right （left），around，outside等。
表示比较的过渡词：in the same way，just like，just as等。
表示对照的过渡词：but，still，yet，however，on the other hand，on the contrary，in spite of，even though等。
表示结 果 和 原 因 的 过 渡 词：because，since，so，as a result，therefore，hence，thus，otherwise等。
表示目的的过渡词：for this reason，for this purpose，so that等。
表示强调的过渡词：in fact，indeed，surely，necessarily，certainly，without any doubt，truly，to repeat，above all，most important等。
表示解释说明的过渡词：for example，in fact，in this case，for actually等。
表示总结的过渡词：finally，at last，in conclusion，as I have shown，in other word，in brief，in short，in general，on the whole，as has been stated等
增补(Addition) in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally. 比较(Comparison) in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as
对照(Contrast) whereas, in contrast, on the other
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hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while
因果(Cause and effect) because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result (of), accordingly, hence, so, thus
强调(Emphasis) certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most important
6.让步(Concession) although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....
7.例证(Exemplification) for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.
总结(Conclusion) to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nut shell, in summary
推断(Inference) therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise
时间和空间(Time and space) afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of
表示罗列增加（递进）
first, second, third, firstly, secondly, thirdly, first, then / next, after that / next, finally / last / last but not least, and equally important, on (the) one hand…, on the other hand…, besides / what’s more / in addition (to sth.) / furthermore / moreover / another / also / too, plus, as well, especially / particularly / in particular
表示时间顺序
now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, at the beginning (of sth.), to begin with, to start withlater, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly = all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment?, form now on, from then on, graduallyat the same time = meanwhile, till, not?until, before, after, when, while, as, during表示解释说明
now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, in fact / as a matter of fact / actually, frankly speaking, in other words, in simpler terms, that is to say, to put it differently表示转折关系
but, however, while, though, yet, still, nevertheless, or, otherwise, on the contrary / on the other hand, in spite of? / despite the fact that?, even though, except (for), instead, in stead of, of course, after all, even so表示并列关系
or, and, also, too, not only ? but also?, as
well as, both? and?, either ?or?, neither?nor?表示因果关系
原因：because, because of = thanks to? = due to? = owing to?, since = now that, as, for, 结果：so, therefore, thus, hence, as a result (of), on this / that account, so?that, such?that, in this way表示条件关系
as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless表示让步关系
though， although， as， even if， even though， whether ?or?， however， whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where)表示举例
for example, for instance, such as?, like?, take? for example表示比较
be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)?, just like表示目的
for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, in order to, so as to,表示强调
indeed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all表示概括归纳
in a word, in short, in brief, in summary, on the whole, generally speaking, in general, in my opinion, as far as I am concerned, as what has been mentioned, to sum up, to conclude, in conclusion表示“尤有进者”的意思： Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等，如： ① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot. ② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
表示“反意见”： But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等，如：
③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.
④ Singapore is not a big country. On the contrary, it is very small.
表示“困果关系”：
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等，如：
⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.
⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed. 表示“比较关系”：
Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等，如： ⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.
⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
表示“举例示范”：
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For example, in other words, for instance, that is
等，如：
⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use \replace \
表示“结束”：
To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等，如：
⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.
并列关系
and, furthermore, more than that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example
转折关系
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, nevertheless, yet, otherwise, despite
顺序关系
first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next
因果关系
as a result, for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently, on account of
归纳关系
as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in short, thus, consequently, in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word
几个用得比较多的句子：
As far as I am concerned, the advantages of … outweigh its disadvantages.
Nevertheless, the disadvantages of … is undeniable.
To sum up/ In general/ On the whole/ In brief/ In short/ In a word, it is true that … bring about both positive and negative results. But we can try our best to reduce the negative influence to the least extent.
Obviously, in every aspect, …
This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between…and…
As to the other three, though the growth rates were not so high, they were indeed remarkable and impressive.
表层进\\表举例\\表解释\\表总结\\表强调\\表让步\\表比较\\表转折\\表时间\\表层进
first, firstly to begin with second, secondly to start with
third, thirdly what’s more also and then
and equally important besides in addition further in the first place