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魔芋精粉高效筛分机设计
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指导老师：ee
【摘要】
本次毕业设计主要是对现有魔芋精粉筛分方法进行比较，对比出各种方法的优劣，并结合自身现有知识水平对筛分机进行设计与优化，使筛分机满足毕业设计任务书中的要求：机构简单可靠实用，结构工艺性强，成本低。在设计书中，包括以下方面：魔芋产品简介、魔芋精粉加工方式方法、精粉筛分方法优劣对比、典型机械振动筛分机整体筛分效果比较、单轴圆运动自定中心惯性振动筛各部件的设计与计算、相关机械零件尺寸计算与应用材料确定、电气系统元件的选择及电路规划等。
【关键词】
魔芋精粉，干法加工，湿法加工，振动筛分，气固分离，单轴，惯性，自定中心，振动筛
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The design of high efficient screening machine for konjak
flour
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Tutor:ee
Abstract:
This graduation design is mainly to compare the existing konjak powder sieving method, comparing the pros and cons of various methods, and combined with its existing knowledge level design and optimization of the screen, the screen to meet the graduation design task book requirements: the mechanism is simple and reliable and practical, structure and technology of strong, low cost. In the design of the book, including the following aspects: konjak products, konjak powder processing methods, powder sieving method contrast, typical mechanical vibrating screen the whole sieving effect comparison, uniaxial circular motion self-centering vibrating screen components of the design and calculation, related mechanical parts size calculation and application of materials, electrical system component selection and circuit layout
Key words:
Konjak flour, Dry-milling, Wet-milling, Vibration screening, Powder-gas separating, Single-shaft, Inertia, Self-centering, Vibrating screen.
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目 录
第一章：魔芋产品概述与精粉筛分前景········································1 第二章：魔芋精粉加工方法概述··············································2
1.干法加工技术·························································2 1.1.工艺流程··························································2 1.2.操作要点··························································2 2.湿法加工技术·························································2 2.1.有机溶剂(即食用酒精)保护加工精粉技术·······························2 2.1.1工艺流程·······················································2 2.1.2操作要点·······················································2 2.2.无机溶剂保护加工精粉技术··········································3 2.3.有机、无机湿法加工方法总结········································3 3.干湿结合纯化加工精粉技术·············································3 3.1.低档次精粉纯化加工精粉技术········································4 3.1.1.工艺流程·······················································4 3.1.2.操作要点·······················································4 3.2.干法纯化加工精粉技术··············································4 3.2.1.工艺流程·······················································4 3.2.2.操作要点·······················································4 4.水粉碎速加工精粉技术·················································4 4.1.工艺流程··························································4 4.2.操作要点··························································4 第三章：精粉筛分设备原理及方案优劣比较····································6
1.振动筛分法···························································6 1.1.普通筛分法························································6 1.2.薄层筛分法························································6 1.3.概率筛分法························································7 1.4.等厚筛分法························································7 1.5.概率分层大厚度筛分法··············································7 2.气固分离法···························································8 2.1.气固的干法分离····················································8 2.2.气固的湿法分离····················································8 2.3.气固的过滤分离····················································9 2.4.气固的电分离······················································9 3.其他新类型筛分机的对比··············································10 3.1.滚轴筛分机·······················································10 3.2.Ultimate筛分机···················································10 3.3.弛张筛分机·······················································10 3.4.螺旋筛分机·······················································11 第四章：单轴圆运动自定中心惯性振动筛设计·································12
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1.振动筛结构设计······················································12 1.1.筛箱的设计·······················································12 1.2.筛面及其固定·····················································12 1.3.激振器的设计·····················································13 1.4.惯性振动筛的隔振装置·············································14 1.5.减小过共振振幅的措施及装置·······································14 2.单轴圆运动惯性振动筛运动学参数选择··································15 2.1.筛面倾角·························································15 2.2.振幅·····························································15 2.3.振动次数·························································16 2.4.物料的运动速度···················································16 3.圆运动惯性振动筛动力学分析··········································16 3.1.亚共振状态·······················································19 3.2.共振状态·························································19 3.3.超共振状态·······················································20 4.动力学参数的选择····················································20 4.1.隔振系统的频率比及隔振弹簧的刚度·································20 4.2.主振系统的频率比及主振弹簧刚度与等效刚度·························20 4.3.振动系统的等效阻尼及相位差角·····································21 4.4.所需的激振力及偏心块的质量矩·····································21 4.5.所需功率·························································21 5.V带传动设计·························································22 5.1.确定设计功率·····················································22 5.2.选择带型与确定转速···············································22 5.3.验算带速·························································23 5.4.确定带的基准长度和传动中心距·····································23 5.5.验算小带轮包角···················································23 5.6.计算带的根数z···················································23 5.7.计算初拉力······················································24 5.8.计算对轴的压力···················································24 6.弹簧设计计算························································25 第五章：设计总结·························································26 参考文献·································································27
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第一章：魔芋产品概述与精粉筛分前景
魔芋是中国的传统食品及医药资源，在现代食品加工业中具有巨大的开发潜力。魔芋别名蘑芋、蒟蒻、蒻头、麻芋子、鬼芋等，半野生植物，分布很广，栽培较粗放。
随着魔芋食品科学技术的发展和对魔芋认识的提高，魔芋精粉作为食品的重要原料或添加剂而制成各种食品、饮料、果冻、果汁的系列产品越来越多。魔芋葡甘露聚糖作为食品饮料添加剂能起到优良稳定剂、凝胶和增进口感的作用。魔芋精粉对高脂血症患者降血脂效果显著,可起到预防高血脂的作用。葡甘露聚糖吸水后体积膨大80—100倍，粘着力强，在包装、建材、交通运输、填充材料、防化工泄漏等方面可作为粘着剂，是所有植物胶中粘着力最强的。在造纸业，利用魔芋精粉的特殊性，已研制出高强度纸张、高级打印纸、具有吸水性能的专用纸等。魔芋精粉的成模性还可用于电镀工业，作为抗腐蚀金属的保护剂使用。由此，魔芋精粉加工机械的相关研究有着现实的意义与价值。
对精粉筛分的需求越大，则对筛分机械的要求越高。筛分机械有着如下的发展趋势： 集成计算机设计的成果，包括动力学分析、参数计算、强度计算、三维绘图、模拟装配和仿真运行等程序，形成像汽车、飞机计算机设计那样的系统软件包；利用复合仿真试验技术，开发研究各种物料的仿真筛分试验。
深入研究新的筛分理论技术，创造出新型的振动筛分设备。目前新的筛分理论与技术主要是针对难筛物料干法深度筛分开展的研究。主要研究和探讨在重力、流体中（风力、浮力）、离心力、电磁力、振动力复合作用下的新筛分理论与技术，研究出适合各种条件各种物料的新型筛分装置，以满足新的生产工艺要求。
满足市场需要，推进难筛物料筛分设备大型化的研制工作，积极扩大筛分设备的应用领域。
推进筛分机零部件的标准化、系列化、通用化，研究关键技术与工艺，提高大型和重型振动筛的产品质量，取代进口产品，满足国内经济发展的需求。
加强环保理念，注重振动筛的降噪和防尘设计与制造，在节能、节水和循环经济发展的领域寻找振动筛分的新用途和新市场。
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