(1)求破裂角?
假设破裂面交于荷载内,查《公路设计手册(路基)》
A?ab?2h0(b?d)?H(H?2a?2h0)tg?(H?a)(H?a?2h0)?2?3?2?0.47?(3?0.5)?6?(6?2?2?2?0.47)?tan(?14002')(6?2)?(6?2?2?0.47)
?0.359tg???tg??(ctg??tg?)(tg??A)??0.794?(cot350?0.794)(0.794?0.359) ?0.807?=38053'现验算破裂面是否交于荷载内:
堤顶破裂面至墙踵:(H?a)tg??(6?2)?0.807?6.46m 荷载内缘至墙踵:b?Htan??d?3?6?tan(?14002')?0.5?5m
荷载外缘至墙踵:b?Htan??d?b0?3?6?tan(?14002')?0.5?7.0?12m比较得知:5?6.64?12,故结果与假设相符,所选公式正确。
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(2)求主动土压力系数K和K1
(1)中假设成立,即破裂面交于荷载内,则采用《公路设计手册(路基)》第二版表3-2-1采用第6类公式计算:
K?cos(???)(tg??tg?)sin(???)cos(38053'?350)0'??(0.807?tan(?1402)) 00'sin(3853'?3828)?0.158h1?b?atg?3?2?0.807??2.49m
tg??tg?0.807?tan(?14002')d0.5??0.90m 0'tg??tg?0.807?tan(?1402)h2?h3?H?h1?h2?6?2.49?0.90?2.61m
2hhh2a(1?1)?023H2HH 2?22.492?0.47?2.61?1??(1?)??1.59662?662K1?1?(3)求主动土压力及作用点位置
按墙的每延米计算。
11墙后土体主动土压力:E??H2KK1??18?62?0.158?1.596?81.70KN
22水平向分力:EX?Ecos(???)?81.70?cos(?14002'?17030')?81.55KN 竖向分力:EY?Esin(???)?81.70?sin(?14002'?17030')?4.94KN
Ha(H?h1)2?h0h3(3h3?2H)ZX??33H2K162?(6?2.49)2?0.47?2.61?(3?2.61?2?6)?? 33?62?1.596?2.11m因基底倾斜,土压力对墙趾O的力臂为:
ZX1?ZX?0.19b1?2.11?0.19?1.5?1.83m ZY1?b1?ZX1tg??1.5?1.83?tan(?14002')?1.96m
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(4)验算荷载:
①对于挂车——100取h0?0.8m,d?0。于是:
A?ab?2h0(b?d)?H(H?2a?2h0)tg?(H?a)(H?a?2h0)2?3?2?0.8?(3?0)?6?(6?2?2?2?0.8)?tan(?14002')?
(6?2)?(6?2?2?0.8)?0.367tg???tg??(ctg??tg?)(tg??A)??0.794?(cot350?0.794)(0.794?0.367) ?0.812??3905'验算破裂面是否交于荷载内:
堤顶破裂面至墙踵:(H?a)tg??(6?2)?0.812?6.50m 荷载内缘至墙踵:b?Htan??d?3?6?tan(?14002')?0?4.5m
荷载外缘至墙踵:b?Htan??d?b0?3?6?tan(?14002')?0?7.0?11.5m 比较得知:4.5?6.5?11.5,故结果与假设相符,所选公式正确。 ②求主动土压力系数K和K1
K?cos(???)(tg??tg?)sin(???)cos(3905'?350)??(0.812?tan(?14002')) 0'0'sin(395?3828)?0.158h1?b?atg?3?2?0.812??2.45m 0'tg??tg?0.812?tan(?1402)d0??0
tg??tg?0.812?tan(?14002')h2?h3?H?h1?h2?6?2.45?0?3.55m
2hhh2a(1?1)?023H2HH
2?22.452?0.8?3.55?1??(1?)??1.68862?662K1?1?
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③求主动土压力及作用点位置 墙后土体主动土压力:
11E??H2KK1??18?62?0.158?1.688?86.41KN
22水平向分力:EX?Ecos(???)?86.41?cos(?14002'?17030')?86.25KN 竖向分力:EY?Esin(???)?86.41?sin(?14002'?17030')?5.23KN 比较得知:验算荷载略大于设计荷载,故挡土墙截面设计按照验算荷载进行计算。
Ha(H?h1)2?h0h3(3h3?2H)ZX??33H2K162?(6?2.45)2?0.8?3.55?(3?3.55?2?6)?? 233?6?1.688?2.12m因基底倾斜,土压力对墙趾O的力臂为:
ZX1?ZX?0.19b1?2.12?0.19?1.5?1.84m ZY1?b1?ZX1tg??1.5?1.84?tan(?14002')?1.96m
3. 设计挡土墙截面
(1)计算墙身自重G及其力臂ZG
G1?(b1H?0.19b12)?K?(1.5?6?0.19?1.52)?22?188.60KN
0.19b120.19?1.52G2??K??22?4.70KN
22故G?G1?G2?188.60?4.70?193.30KN
N?G?EY?193.30?5.10?198.40KN
ZG1?1??H?0.19b1??0.25?b1???21??[(6?0.19?1.5)?0.25?1.5]?1.46m2ZG2?0.651b1?0.651?1.5?0.98m
(2)抗滑稳定性验算
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Kc?N?EXtan?0?f?EX?Ntan?0[198.40?84.26?tan11018']?0.5??2.41 0'84.26?198.40?tan1118Kc?[Kc]?1.3,故抗滑移稳定性满足要求。
(3)抗倾覆稳定性验算
K0?G1ZG1?G2ZG2?EYZY1198.4?1.46?4.70?0.98?5.23?1.96??1.92
EXZX186.25?1.84K0?[K0]?1.5,故挡土墙抗倾覆稳定性满足要求。
(4)基底应力验算
为保证挡土墙基底应力不超过地基承载力,应进行基底应力验算。
B1?b1?0.19b1?0.25?1.5?0.19?1.5?0.25?1.43m
ZN??G1ZG1?G2ZG2?EYZY1?EXZX1G1?G2?EY198.4?1.46?4.70?0.98?5.23?1.96?86.25?1.84
198.4?4.70?5.23?0.70偏心距:e?B11.43?ZN??0.70?0.02m 22?1,2G?EY6e193.30?5.236?0.02150.48Kpa??(1?)??(1?)??
127.18Kpa?B1B11.431.43?150.48Kpa?[?0]?250Kpa,地基承载力满足要求。 因此,?1,2???127.18Kpa(5)截面应力验算
为了保证强身具有足够的强度,应根据经验选择1~2个控制断面进行验算,墙面、墙背相互平行,截面的最大应力出现在接近基底处。
① 强度计算 要求:?KARK/?K?Nj
如附图所示,选取一个截面进行验算:1-1截面
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