分类号： TQ05 单位代码： 密 级： 一般 学 号：
本科毕业论文（设计）
题 目： 专 业： 姓 名： 指导教师： 职 称： 答辩日期：
正戊烷冷凝器的设计 化学工程与工艺
XXX XXX 讲 师 2013年05月25日
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目录
1 概述 ............................................................ 6 1.1 换热器设计和选型要求 ........................................ 6 1.2 列管换热器结构的确定 ........................................ 7
1.2.1 列管换热器型式的选择 .................................. 7 1.2.2 换热管规格的选择 ...................................... 7 1.2.3 壳程数和台数 .......................................... 8 1.3 工艺条件的选择 .............................................. 8
1.3.1 流体流入空间的选择 .................................... 8 1.3.2 流体流向的选择 ........................................ 8 1.3.3 流速的选择 ............................................ 9
2 设计任务与设计条件 ............................................. 10 2.1 设计任务 ................................................... 10 2.2 设计条件 ................................................... 10 2.3 管壳程流体的确定 ........................................... 10 3 换热器的初步计算 ............................................... 11 3.1 物性数据的确定 ............................................. 11 3.2 估算传热面积 ............................................... 11
3.2.1 计算热流量 ........................................... 11 3.2.2 冷却水用量 ........................................... 11 3.2.3 计算有效平均温度差 ................................... 11 3.2.4 估算传热面积 ......................................... 12 3.3 传热管数与排列方式确定 ..................................... 12
3.3.1 管程数和传热管数 ..................................... 12 3.3.2 平均传热温差校正及壳程数: ............................ 12 3.3.3 传热管的分程与排列 ................................... 13 3.3.4 分程方法 ............................................. 14 3.4 壳体内径及壁厚的选择 ....................................... 15 3.5 折流板 ..................................................... 16 3.6 接管 ....................................................... 16 3.7 封头 ....................................................... 18 3.8 容器法兰 ................................................... 19
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3.9 管板 ....................................................... 19 4 校核计算 ....................................................... 20 4.1 总传热系数核算 ............................................. 20
4.1.1 壳程表面传热系数 ..................................... 20 4.1.2 管内表面传热系数 ..................................... 20 4.1.3 污垢热阻和管壁热阻 ................................... 21 4.1.4 总传热系数 ........................................... 21 4.2 压降校核 ................................................... 21 4.3 壁温与冷凝液流型核算 ....................................... 23
4.3.1 壁温核算 ............................................. 23 4.3.2 冷凝液流型核算 ....................................... 24
5.设计结果汇总表 ................................................. 25 6 总结 ........................................................... 27 谢辞 ........................................................... 29
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列管式换热器的设计
摘要：本设计以正戊烷为热流体，循环水为冷流体。对于将正戊烷在饱和温度下冷凝的传热过程，设计出符合工艺要求的列管式换热器。首先，通过对整个换热过程进行物料及热量衡算，并选择出所需换热器的类型，确定流体的流动空间、流向、流速和传热管的直径；其次，进一步计算出换热器的传热管长度、数目，以及确定换热器管程和壳程数等结构参数，估算总传热面积，计算壳体内径并确定筒体厚度等工艺尺寸及其附属设备选型设计计算，然后绘制出换热器的结构图；最后，对所设计的换热器进行热量、温度和压强核算，直至所设计的换热器符合工艺标准为止。
关键词：列管式换热器；结构参数；设计计算
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Tube heat exchanger design
Abstract: This design takes n-Pentane as high temperature thermal fluid,and circulating water as cold fluid. For the process of condensating the high temperature n-Pentane under the saturation temperature, the design gives the meet process requirements with the tube heat exchanger. First, based on the heat transfer process of material and heat balance needed to calculate, and choose the heat exchanger categories, determine the fluid flow in space, flow, velocity, and the pipe diameter; Second, further calculated the pipe heat exchanger, and determine the length and the number of the heat exchanger tube and shell structure parameters, such as process number estimated total heat exchanger area, calculate and determine cylinder shell thickness of inner diameter size and affiliated equipments such as selection process design calculation, then mapped the structure of the heat exchanger; Finally, the design of heat exchanger, temperature and pressure calculation, the design of heat exchanger until meet process standards . Based on the mechanism of the heat transfer of understanding, design a actual production of heat exchanger. The chemical production process in order to provide affordable of networks for heat exchange heat transfer of the equipment.
Keywords: tube heat exchanger; structural parameters; design and calculation.
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