一、 填空。从下列方框内的词条中选择正确的单词，并根据题意填写单词正确形式。 Career various character according convince ignore energize extra championship intelligence
1. The school has received grants from the education department. 2. Perhaps there is a negative side to his r that you haven't seen yet. 3. to the Bible we are all the seed of Adam. 4. is the ability to think, reason, and understand instead of doing things automatically or by instinct.
5.The refers to the title or status of being a sports champion. 6. staff have been taken on to cover busy periods. 7.I am completely and feeling terrific. 8. The government had his views on the subject. 9. That weekend in Plattsburgh, he her to go ahead and marry Bud. 10. She is now concentrating on a as a fashion designer.
二、完形填空。
In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products 1 his competitots. He will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or 2 the market price. However, in considering the price, he must take the 3 of production into consideration. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for 4 he believes will be a short time. However, no business person can 5 to lose money for a prolonged period. He must be constantly 6 of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit. Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease. 7 mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, 8 logic and practical experience have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production. Some economists 9 to this principle as the law of increasing costs. The reason costs rise as production goes up is 10 However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, 11 competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production If a producer needs 12 skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get 13 from other sources. This can be done by 14 higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other
factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, 15 not all land is equally fertile and not all ore(矿石)is equally rich in the mineral wanted.
1. A. to B. at C. of D. on 2. A. below B. beneath C. over D. above 3. A. price B. cost C. worth D. profit 4. A. that B. why C. what D. if 5. A. afford B. pretend C. offer D. try 6. A. sure B. afraid C. aware D. suspicious 7. A. Because B. Since C. When D. While 8. A. both B. neither C. none D. any 9. A. resort B. refer C. turn D. attend 10. A. clear B. simple C. difficult D. complex 11. A. bringing B. resulting in C. including D. carrying out 12. A. less B. numerous C. more D. many 13. A. them B. these C. it D. those 14. A. offering B. cutting C. reducing D. having 15. A. as if B. just as C. because D. while
三、阅读理解、
To Know More about Less or Less about More
Carol Numrich
1 With the emergence of the technological age, it has become increasingly difficult to be a knowledgeable person: there is just too much information to know something about everything. So what should an educated person be in the twenty-first century? It isn't always clear whether one should try to become a specialist or a generalist in today's world. Some people have focused their education on developing skills in one area~ specialists now flourish in every field of life. Inversely, others continue to pursue a well-rounded education, believing that it offers the most in life; generalists typically follow a liberal arts education but may never become experts in any field.
2 The Greek poet Archilochus had already described this difference between generalists and specialists with the metaphor, \fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing.\appears to be an inordinate number of hedgehogs, people who know very little about the world, save their field of expertise. This, in fact, has been a criticism of today’ s American colleges and universities--that they are producing too many hedgehogs.
3 In the 1960s, most American colleges and universities offered a generalist approach to education. In response to student protests, universities began offering many innovative courses. For example, they added Asian Studies and African Studies to their curricula in an effort to extend
education beyond the mores of Western society. Students began \their own thing\taking courses in just about every subject imaginable, from Transcendental Meditation to Swahili storytelling. Students believed these courses enriched their minds. But as university students began to focus on more and more of these less common subject areas, critics began to abound. They believed that much of education had become useless. Employers began to make derisive comments about the quality of college graduates. As jacks-of-all-trades, they could \life but might never \many subjects, too general an approach to education, may have resulted in too little because of too much.
4 From the 1970s through the 1990s, with new technologies creating new job opportunities, an emphasis on specialization appeared in American education. More vocational courses were offered in colleges and universities, especially as computer-programming jobs became available. Business schools flourished, allowing more and more graduate students to enter fields that offered specialized jobs with high salaries, such as investment banking and stock trading. But with the media coverage of junk bond trading and the crimes committed by insider-information scoundrels on Wall Street, even the reputation of the MBA (Master in Business Administration) degree was sullied. The more narrowly focused approach to professional education also seemed to fail.
5 One of the dilemmas of the twenty-first century is whether to approach modern education in terms of the generalist or the specialist. Some universities require all students to make the generalist approach to education. Yet choosing the core courses in light of today's explosion in information and diverse multicultural student populations has not been an easy task. How does one select what it is that everyone should know? Other universities continue to tailor their courses to the more immediate professional needs of their students, appealing to the specialist approach to education. But without a core curriculum, students often lack the shared knowledge necessary to participate effectively in an integrated society.
6 A coherent vision of an educated person in the twenty-first century has yet to be defined.
I. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1.Whether one should try to become a specialist or a generalist in today’ s world A) beyond doubt B) quite obvious C) not always clear D) plain and simple
2.According to the author, American colleges and universities today are producing an inordinate number of . A) jacks-of-all-trades B) artists C) critics D) experts
3.The approach to education as adopted by most American colleges and universities in the 1960s was too . A) focused B) innovative C) general D) specialized
4.The writer of this selection is the specialist approach to professional education adopted from the 1970s to the 1990s.
A) unfavorable toward B) favorable toward C) supportive of D) firmly opposed to 5.Whether to approach education in terms of the generalist or the specialist in the twenty-first century . A) is fairly easy to decide
B) is a dilemma that universities have to face
C)should be tailored to the immediate professional needs of the students
D)should consider the shared knowledge necessary to participate in an integrated society
2 Ten Secrets for Success as a College Freshman
Adapted from an essay by J. Michael Adams
1 You were a star in high school, made all the right moves, and now you think you're ready for college. Better think again. The rules are different, the expectations have changed, and the stakes are a little higher.
2 College is a rare opportunity to define yourself more fully -- even, perhaps, to redefine yourself. What do you want to be known for when you graduate? Frankly, what makes you think you are even going to graduate? Only half of those starting out as freshmen graduate in four years. I've seen high school honors students not last the fall semester. I've also seen average students graduate with a 4.0. What makes the difference? From my experience, there are 10 rules every freshman should know.
3 1) Be a warrior. Warriors are never surprised. That means listening in class, staying alert and asking questions. It means doing all the assignments on time. Go into each class expecting an unannounced quiz.
4 2) Always carry a pen and paper. You look uninterested and are ill-prepared if you walk into class without these basic tools. This seems fundamental, but one professor told me, \don't come to class on the first day with even a pencil. Most of them won't last the first two weeks. \
5 3) Recopy your class notes. You can't write as fast as professors can talk. The purpose of \will reinforce the information, fill in the blanks and reduce study time before the test. You will own the information.
6 4) Never miss a class. Woody Allen once said that 80 percent of life is just showing up. There is no substitute for presence. Ever ask someone to take notes for you? Did you ever understand them?
7 5) Master the information flow. Use devices like three-ring binders to manage class notes, assignments, readings and handouts. Or, if you prefer, record notes and file important information electronically, but organize data by class and back up everything. By keeping information well ordered, you’11 feel more in control of your world.
8 6) Highlight all dates. Time is real and can get away from you. Use wall or electronic calendars and mark when assignments are due, test dates, the night of that concert and anything else that is important and time-sensitive. Tracking time helps you pace yourself and look ahead. Never be surprised again.
9 7) Divide and conquer. Henry Ford had it right. Break major assignments into small steps. Have to read a 487-page textbook? Impossible -- especially the night before the test. Consider that a 16-week semester has five workdays per week, which totals 80 days. Eighty into 487 roughly equals six. Read about six pages a day and you are done. The same approach works on every assignment.
10 8) Give double. Don’t be a minimalist. Always give twice as much as expected. When your professor assigns a paper, you will look less than ambitious if you ask- \have to be?\content and substance than expected.
11 9) Develop a network. Nobody does it alone. Seek out others who can help you and whom you can help. The world works through networking. Create allies by giving unsolicited assistance and practice random acts of kindness. It will all come back to you.
13 When you walk into your first class, you face a new frontier -- a world full of ideas and opportunities that can last a lifetime. But you must seize them. Education is not something given to you. You must be an active participant. You must be a warrior. The choice is yours!
Comprehension Check
. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 6……. the stakes are a little higher. (Para. 1) . A) …... college tuition is a bit more expensive. B) ....... there are more temptations on college campuses.
C) …... if you fail in college (unlike high school), you risk losing more, in terms of money, future, etc.
7. College is a rare opportunity to redefine yourself. (Para. 2) A) College is an exceptionally good place to start building your career.
B) College provides you a wonderful chance to develop your true self in many ways. C) College will give you a better opportunity to examine your strengths and weaknesses. 8. Most of them won't last the first two weeks. (Para. 4)
A) Most of them will walk into class with a pencil after the first two weeks. B) Most of them will quit the class in the first two weeks.
C) Most of them won't understand what is taught in class for the first two weeks. 9……..80 percent of life is just showing up. (Para. 6)
A)…....showing up for something (e. g. , a lecture, a party, a competition, etc. ) takes up a big part of our time.
B) -.. the true meaning of life lies in showing up for something regardless of success or failure.