绩效导向的物流组织结构设计模型(4)

　　②国内外学者对企业战略的分类有多种,采用Miles & Snow(1978)的分类方法,即将企业战略分为四类,除所列举的两类以外,后两类战略分别为精打细算型和被动反应型,前者是前瞻型和防卫型战略的结合,在最有效地利用盈利机会的前提下,努力使企业风险最小化;后者则为一种不成功的战略类型,实施此类战略的企业缺乏一贯的企业战略,其组织结构与战略目标不匹配,面对变化的环境,缺少一套稳定的、行之有效的反应机制,在激烈的市场竞争中,往往丧失机会。
　　③即Administrative Intensity。Dalton等人将其界定为:行政人员数量与生产工人之比。前者包括经理,专业人员和从事文书工作的人员,后者则包括工匠,技工和从事体力劳动的工人。
　　④组织规模在诸多文献中被视为影响组织结构的重要权变因素,但从某种意义上说,它也是特定的组织战略和组织结构的结果(Germain,1989)。此处的“物流组织规模”即被视为其他权变因素发生作用的结果,但作为中间变量,它又对物流组织结构的类型产生影响。
　　
　　参考文献:
　　[1]Hall ,R.H.. Organizations: Structure and Process. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall,1977:76.
　　[2]Van de Ven, A.H..A Frame work for Organization Assessment. Academy of Management Review, 1976(1):64—78.
　　[3]Galunic & Eisenhardt. Renewing the Strategy-Structure-Performance Paradigm. Research in Organization Behavior, 1994(16): 215-255.
　　[4]武云亮.论物流组织的演进与创新[J].商品储运与养护,2002(3).
　　[5]同[3].
　　[6]Stank,Theodore P.,Patrick A.Traichal. Logistics Strategy, Organizational Design, and Performance in a Cross-Border Environment. Logistics and Transportation Review, 1998, 34(1): 75—86.

　　[7]Schary,P., Coakley, J..Logistics Organization and Information System.International Journal of Logistics Management,1991,2(2): 22-9. Clemons, E.K., S.P.Reddy, M.C.Row. The Impact of Information Technology on the Organization of Economic Activity.Journal of Management Information Systems,1996,10(2): 9-35.
　　[8]Germain, Richard..Output Standardization and Logistical Strategy, Structure and Performance. International Journal ofPhysical Distribution & Logistics Management, 1989,19,(1):21-29.
　　[9]Christoper,M.. Implementing Logistics Strategy. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management, 1986,16(1):56-62.
　　[10] Dalton,Dan R., Todor, Willianm D..Organization Structure and Performance: A Critical Review.Academy of Management Review, 1980,5(1):49-64.
　　[11] Chow, Garland., Trevor.D.Heaver, Lennart E Trevor.D.Henriksson. Strategy, Structure and Performance: A Framework for Logistics Research. Logistics and Transportation Review, Dec 1995,31(4):285-308.
　　[12] Pugh,D.S., Hichson,D.J., Hinings,C.R., Turner,C.. Dimensions of Organization Structure. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1968, (13):65-91. Payne,R.L., Mansfield,R.. Relationship of Perceptions of Organizational Climate to Organizational Structure,Context,and Hierarchical Position. Administrative Science Quarterly,1976(21):515-526.
　　[13] 同[8].
　　[14] 同[11].