Even if Zhou Enlai‘s statement in 1952was only a general summation of previousexperiences ，there was no mistaking the aim of the new foreign policy.The questionat the top of the agenda was how to develop closer relations with countries in the"`intermediary zone ，"especially the surrounding Asian states.Previously ，theChinese Communists had mainly had relations with the "brotherly states"led by the"brotherly Parties"within the Soviet camp，and the "principle of proletarian internationalism"that governed these relations was in direct line with that governing the foreignrelations of the revolutionary government.However，this principle was not universallyapplicable in the relations with other countries，and even problematic in relationswith the "brotherly states.".Thus the special background and needs of New China’s diplomacy led to the birth of the five principles of peaceful coexistence .
The Geneva Conference convened in April 1954provided a critical occasion forimplementing the five principles of peaceful coexistence.Their success at the conferencegreatly encouraged the Chinese leadership ，and spurred them on to abandon theprinciple of "cleaning up the house first ，then inviting guests ‘’at the enlargedPolitical Bureau meeting on 7July 1954，and to step out onto the world stage.27Guided by this policy ，New China tried its best to pursue good-neighbor diplomacyin Asia.A series of policies were formulated in quick succession ，including thoserelated to the solution of border questions with neighboring states ，the dualnationality of overseas Chinese in Asia ，and non-interference in the internalaffairs of Asian non-socialist countries.
Historical developments demonstrated that the appearance of the five principlesof peaceful coexistence was a milestone in the development of the diplomacy of thePeople‘s Republic of China.It signaled the critical transition from the diplomacyof the revolutionary movement to state diplomacy，and was a sign of the ultimateformation of New China’s diplomacy.