2012年4月英美文学选读试题答案及评分参考
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice(40 points in all,1 for each)
1. A 2. B 3. A 4.B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. A 37.
C 38. D 39. A 40. A
Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension(16 points in all, 4 for each)
41. A. From Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Cruse. (1 分) B. Robinson Cruse. (1 分) C. Robinson is a typical 18th century English middle—class man, with a great capacity for work,
inexhaustible energy, courage, patience and persistence in overcoming obstacles, in struggling against the hostile natural environment. He is very prototype of the empire builder, the pioneer colonist. (2 分)
42. A. George Bernard Shaw, Mrs. Warren’s profession. (1 分) B. The play is about the
economic oppression of women. (1 分)
C. Vivie is a kind of new woman, intelligent and well educated, with a strong sense of
injustice and a passion for “honest” work. (2 分)
43. A. From Walt Whitman’s “Song of Myself”. ((1 分) B. The democratic “en---masse” of
America. ((1 分)
C. The genuine participation of a poet in a common cultural was to behave as a supreme
individualist; however, the poet’s essential purpose was to indentify his ego with the world, and with the
democratic “en---masse” of America. (2 分)
44. A. From Emily Dickenson’s “Because I could not stop for Death---”.( 1 分) B.
Personification. (1 分)
C. They represent three stages of life:”the School”----youth; “the Fields of Gazing Grain”—mature
period;” the Setting Sun”—end of life. (2 分)
Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 p points in all, 6 for each)
45. Pride and Prejudice, originally drafted as “First Impressions” in 1796, is the most delightful of Jane Austen’s works. (3 分) The title tells of a major concern of the novel: .pride and prejudice. (3 分)
46. The two “Chimney Sweeper” poems are good examples to reveal the relation between
economic circumstance, i.e. the exploitation of child labor, (2 分) and an ideological circumstance, i.e. the role played by religion in making people compliant to exploitation. (2 分) The poem from the Songs of Experience reveals the true nature of religion which helps bring misery to the poor children. (2 分)
47. Hemingway’s world is limited. He deals with limited range of characters in quite similar
circumstances and measures them against an unvarying code, known as “grace under pressure”, which is actually an attitude towards life that Hemingway had been trying to demonstrate is his works. (3 分) Those who survive in the progress of seeking to master the code with the honesty, the discipline, and the
restraint are Hemingway Code Heroes. (3 分)
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48. Set in the town of Jefferson in Yoknapatawpa, the story focuses on Emily Grierson, an
eccentric spinster who refuses to accept the passage of time, or the inevitable charge and loss that accompanied it. (3 分) As a descendent of the Southern aristocracy, Emily is typical of those in Faulkner’s Yoknapatawpa stories who are the symbols of Old South but the prisoners of the past. (3 分)
Ⅳ. Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)
49. A. Hardy’s novels are all Victorian in date. Most of them are set in Wessex, the fictional
primitive and crude rural region which is really the home place he both loves and hates, such as The Return of the Native, Tess of the D’ Urbervilles Jude the Obscure. These works, known as “novels of character and environment,” are the most representative of him as both a naturalistic and a critical realist
writer. (3 分)
B. Living at the turn of the century, Hardy is often regarded as a transitional writer. In him we see the influence from both the past and the modern. The pessimistic view of life predominates most of Hardy’s later works and earns him a reputation as a naturalistic writer. Though Naturalism seems to have
played an important part in Hardy’s works, there is also bitter and sharp criticism and even open challenge of the irrational, hypocritical and unfair Victorian institutions, conventions and morals. (4 分)
C. He tells very good stories and he is a great painter of nature. His heroes and heroines, those
unfortunate young men and women in their desperate struggle for personal fulfillment and happiness, are all vividly and realistically depicted. And all the works of Hardy are noted for the rustic dialect and a poetic flavor which fits well into their perfectly designed architectural structures. They are the product of a
conscientious artist. (3 分)
50. A. Unlike his contemporaries in the 20th century, Robert Frost did not break up with the poetic tradition nor made any experiment on form. Instead, he learned from the tradition, especially the familiar conventions of nature poetry and of classical pastoral poetry, and made the colloquial New England
speech into a poetic expression. (3 分)
B. Many of his poems are fragrant with natural quality. Images and metaphors in his poems are
drawn from the simple country life and the pastoral landscape that can be easily understood. But it would
be a mistake to imagine that Frost is easy to understand because it is easy to read. (3 分) C. Profound ideas are delivered under the disguise of the plain language and the simple form, for what frost did is to take symbols from the limited human world and the pastoral landscape to refer to the
great world beyond the rustic scene. (2 分)
D. These thematic concerns include the terror and tragedy in nature, as well as its beauty, and the loneliness and poverty of the isolated human being. But first and foremost Frost is concerned with his love of life and his belief in a serenity that only came from working usefully, while he practiced himself
throughout his life. (2 分)
全国2008年4月高等教育英美文学自学考试答案及评分参考
I. Multiple Choice（40 points in all, 1for each）
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.D 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.D 20.A 21.A 22.C 23.B 24.A 25.B 26.A 27.C 28.D 29.D 30.D
31.B 32.A 33.B 34.C 35.B 36.D 37.C 38.D 39.A 40.C
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II．Reading Comprehension （16 points in all, 4 for each）
41. A. Shakespeare; Sonnet18, (1分)
B. Personification (1分)
C. A nice summer’s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last for ever. (2分)
42. A. Charlotte Bronte; Jane Eyre, (1分) B. Jane Eyre is speaking to Rochester. (1分)
C. Jane Eyre loves Rochester but she values her basic rights and equality as a human being. (2
分)
43. A. Robert Frost; “Stopping by woods on a Snowy Evening” (1分)
B. die (1分)
C. When facing the still and lovely forest, the speaker cannot stay, because of his obligation and
responsibilities. (2分)
44. A. The poet himself and the American people (1分) B. This line indicates a separation of the body and the soul. (1分) C. The phrase indicates Whitman’s optimism and experience. (2分)
III．Questions and Answers（24 points in all, 6 for each）
45. The boy started at the words because kind words were not expected; it is (was, must be) the first time in all his life that Oliver Twist had ever been “kindly” greeted; strange sounds may predict
another suffering/misfortune/torture.
“论述占4分，例子占2分。语言错误酌情扣分。”
46. A. As one of the influential members of the Fabian Society, Shaw regarded the establishment of socialism by the emancipation of land and industrial capital from individual and class ownership as the
final goal. (2分)
B. As a realistic dramatist, he took the modern social issues as his subjects. Most of his plays
are concerned with political, economic, moral, or religious problems. (2分)
C. Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a play about the economic oppression of women. (2分) 47. A. The rocking-chair is a symbol standing for fate. It is like a cradle that makes one feel
peaceful. (3分)
B. It is also like a tide that ever goes on with life, the destiny of which is uncertain. (3分) 48. A. Naturalism was greatly influenced by Darwin’s evolutionary theory and French literature. (2
分)
B. Naturalists accepted the more negative implications of Darwin’s theory and used it to count for the behavior of those characters in literary works who were conceived as more or less complex combinations of inherited attributes, their habits conditioned by social and economic forces. (2分)
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C. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes less serious
and less sympathetic but more ironic and more pessimistic. (2分)
IV．Topic Discussion（20 points in all, 10 for each）
49. A. Social background: The Eighteenth Century England witnessed the growing importance of
the bourgeois or middle class. a. The Industrial Revolution;
b. The expansion of international markets;
c. Values/virtues/moral standards/…different from those of the feudal aristocratic class---courageous, full of energy, hard working, practical, resourceful, self-reliant, etc. d. Literature should give/provide a realistic presentation of the life of the common people; it
should meet the demand/interest of the middle class people. B. Robinson Crusoe embodies the virtues of the middle class people.
a. Crusoe as an adventurous/courageous man full of energy and courage (example from the
text);
b. Crusoe as a practical man (example from the text);
c. Crusoe as a resourceful/self-reliant man (example from the text); d. Crusoe as a patient/persistent man (example from the text);
e. And others.
（评分参考：A、B两点各5分。语言错误酌情扣分。）
50. A Goodman Brown utters this cry when he finds his wife faith, together with lots of prominent
people of the village and the church, attending a witches’s Sabbath in the woods.
B. His cry shows his great surprise and disillusionment. Thereafter, he becomes distrustful and doubtful. He lives in a dismal and gloomy life because he is never able to believe in goodness or piety again. Here the author makes a pun of the word “faith”. Goodman Brown loses not only his faith in
religion and life, but also his faith in his wife, for his wife’s name is Faith.
C. From this story, we can also see that Hawthorne is a great allegorist and a master of
symbolism. The story itself is an allegory and is full of symbols such as the forest, the snake, and the pink
ribbon.
（评分参考：只要考生答对任意两点即可给满分。语言错误酌情扣分。）
非选择题评分参考：
1． 提供的答案尽供参考。如果考生的回答与参考答案不完全吻合，但确实有理有据，能够自圆其说，可适当给分。如果考生的答题在一、两点上有创见，即使在整体上不够全面，也应酌情给高分。但不
得超过该题最高分值。分数不得出现0.5分。
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2． 考生答非所问不给分。
3． 阅卷时，内容和语言要综合考虑，语言表达不好的要适当扣分。评判语言好坏及扣分原则如下：
1） 语言通顺，表达清楚，很少语法错误和拼写错误，则基本根据内容评分。 2） 语言基本通顺，有少数语法错误和拼写错误，应扣去该题分值的20%。 3） 语言不通顺，表达不连贯，有较多语法错误和拼写错误，应扣去该题分值的40%。
4） 语言很不通顺，无法表达连贯的意思，应扣去该题分值的60%。
2009年4月全国高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题答案及评分参考
1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.B 17.D 18.A 19.C 20.D 21.A 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.C 27.C 28.A 29.A 30.A 31.A 32.D 33.C 34.C 35.B 36.D 37.C 38.C 39.D 40.B
II. Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each) 41. A. From Percy Shelley’s “Men of England” (1)
B. Metonymy (1)
C. Here “drones” refers to the parasitic class in human society. (2)
42. A. “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” (1)
B. J. Alfred Prufrock (1)
C. Prufrock is conscious of the fact that he is like Hamlet in some respects. But he is sensible enough that he
cannot be compared with Hamlete. (2) 43. A. Walt Whitman (1)
B. “There Was a Child Went Forth” from “Leaves of Grass” (1)
C. The poem describes the growth of a child who learned about the world around him and improved himself
accordingly. In the poem, Whitman’s own early experience may well be identified with the childhood of a
young, growing American. (2) 44. A. Emily Dickinson (1) B. The God of Death. (1)
C. The poem is trying to describe the moment of death. (2)
III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)
45. A. Alexander Pope, John Dryden, Samuel Johnson (任选2位作家). (2)
B. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. (2) They seek proportion, unity, harmony and grace in literacy expression, in an effort to delight, instruct and correct human beings. Thus a polite, elegant,
witty and intellectual art developed. (2)
46. A. It is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society. (2)
B. It is an intense moral fable. (2)
C. The success of the novel is also due to its introduction to the English novel the first governess heroine. (2)
47. A. William Dean Howells, Mark Twain, Henry James. (3)
B. Mark Twain and Howells seemed to have paid more attention to the “life” of the Americans. Howells
focused his discussion on the rising middle class and the way they lived; Mark Twain preferred to have his own region and people at the forefront of his stories; Henry James had apparently laid a greater emphasis on
the “inner world” of man. (3) 第 5 页 共 9 页