辅 导 讲 义
年 级：初一 辅导科目： 英语 培训师： 课 题 授课时间： 2009.3.27-28 教学目标 重点、难点 考点及考试要求 7A unit1 知识点梳理 备课时间： 2009.3.19 牛津7A Chapter 1 知识梳理，加深对该单元该掌握语言点的印象 句子成分分析 该单元重点词语与句型 句子成分的掌握 教学内容 1. 单元整体把握 1.1 Vocabulary and phrases 单词： relatives, plan, trip, invite, cousin, photograph, travel, expensive, interesting, brochure, arrive, temple, palace, tourist, swan, tower, huge, hold, soldier, raise, square, ancient, museum, calendar, another. 短语： stay with sb, talk to sb, talk about sth, invite sb to do sth, travel agent, from…to…, at the end of, interesting place, letter, information, a lot of, in the centre of, national flag, enjoy the trip, the Spring Festival, more than, take sb to a place. 句型： Can I help you? That’s a good idea. How long does it take to travel form Garden City to Beijing by plane? It takes about two and a half hours. How much does it cost? That’s too expensive. See you soon! Nice to meet you. It is in the north-west of Beijing. It can hold more than one million people.
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I have some photos for you. 句式： 1）A.It take sb time/money to do sth. B.Sb spend time/money on sth/(in) doing sth. C.Sth cost sb money. 2）A.How much+不可数名词 B.How many+可数名词复数 3）How long does it take to travel from Garden City to Bejing by plane? 4）When are you going to visit Beijing? 5) A.Would you like to do sth ? B.Would you please do sth? 1.2 Reading(omitted) 1.3 Grammar 句子成分分析 2. 知识点梳理 重难点解析 2.1 How long does it take to travel from Garden City to Beijing by plane? 从花园城乘飞机到北京需要多上时间？ It takes ( somebody ) some time to do something. 表示“（某人）做某事要花费多长时间”。句中“it”指“做某事”这个动作 e.g. It takes me half an hour to go to school on foot every day. 我每天步行到学校要花半个小时。 2.2 How much does it cost? 要花多少钱？ 用于询问价格 2.3 Simon and Lucy want to take Ben and Kitty to some interesting places. 西猛和露西要带本和基蒂去一些好玩的地方。 句中的 take 意为 “带去，引领” take somebody to …….带某人去某处 3. 语法 2
3.1 句子结构 说明：从英语的句子结构上说，除了修饰名词的定语和修饰动词的状语外，在千变万化的句子中可归纳为五个基本句式。 （一）S（主） + Vi（不及物动词）（谓语）→主动结构 例如：Time flies. Birds sing beautifully. He went on holiday. I'll go swimming. （三）S （主）+ V（谓语）（系动词）+ P（表语）→主系表结构 例如：We are Chinese. [说明] Ⅰ.除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词： ① 表感官的动词，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, seem 等。 ② 表转变变化的动词，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。 Ⅱ.表语也就是主语的补足语 1．S + V + 名词/代词 例如：He is a boy. This is mine. 2．S + V + 形容词 例如：She is beautiful. 3．S + V + Adv 副词 例如：Class is over. 4．S + V + 介词短语 例如：He is in good health. 5．S + V+ 分词 例如：He is excited. The film is interesting. （三）S （主）+ Vt （及物动词）（谓语）+ O（宾语）→主动宾结构 例如：We like English. I like music. I want to help him. 3
I don't know what to do. I enjoy living here. （四）S （主）+ Vt （谓语）+ In O（间接宾语） + D O（直接宾语）→双宾结构 例如：I give you help. 1．S + Vt + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 例如：I sent him a book. I bought May a book. 2．S + Vt + 直接宾语+ To/for + 间接宾语 例如：He sent a book to me. 例如：He bought a coat for me. [说明] ①间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, give, hand, leave, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, read, refuse, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。 ②间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, choose, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏），save, sing等。 （五）S （主）+ Vt（谓语）+ O（宾语） + O C（宾语补足语）→主动宾补结构 例如：I make you clear. We named our baby Tom. [说明]宾语和宾语补足语之间通常具有逻辑主谓关系. 3.2 疑问词 how 可引导特殊疑问句，意为“怎样。。。。。。。”，其后可接形容词来询问事物不同的方面，如：how old 询问年龄， how long 询问时间， how much 询问量的多少，价格。 e.g. How are we going to get there? 我们怎么去那儿？ How old are they? 他们多大了？ How long does it take to travel from Garden City to Beijing by plane? 乘飞机从花园城市到北京要多久？ How much does this watch cost? 这块手表多少钱？ 4
3.3 介词 by 后面加交通工具时表示所使用的交通方式。 Shall we go there by train or by ship? 我们去那里是坐火车还是乘轮船呢？ I usually go to school by bike. 我通常骑自行车去上学。 注意：介词by 后接交通工具时，中间不加冠词。 3.3.1 方位介词 在生活中表示方位的通常有四个正向和四个偏向，分别是东（east）, 南（south）, 西（west）, 北（north）,东南（south-east）, 西南（south-west）, 东北（north-east）和西北（north-west）。由于不同表达方式的需要，同一个方位词在句中的词性可以变化，如： It is in the north of Beijing. 它在北京的北部。（north作名词） It is north of Beijing. 它在北京的北面。 （north 作副词） 3.3.2 表示方位的介词有：in, inside, on, at, 和 in front of 1) in 在。。。。。。之内 Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国的北部， 2）inside 在。。。。。。。里面，内部 There is a ball inside this box. 在这个箱子里有一个球。 3）on 在。。。。。。上面（与物体表面相接触） He is sitting on the desk. 他正坐在桌子上。 4）at 在。。。。。。（表示处在范围较小的点） He will arrive at the airport a few hours later. 他将在几小时后抵达机场。 5）in front of 在。。。。。。。前面 5