题型组合练(八)
(对应学生用书第183页)
Ⅰ.阅读理解——文化教育
(江苏省名校高三入学摸底卷(题型卷))Sarah Lynn，an educational consultant and teacher，thinks English learners can improve their ability to remember and use new words by testing themselves.She adds that self-testing improves retrieval(数据检索)—the ability to use and remember new words.
If you are like most learners，you may have faced such a situation: You think you understand a topic.Yet when asked to use what you have learned，you are not able to remember the information.Not being able to retrieve new ideas could happen on a test or even in a conversation.
Learning takes effort.It takes effort because the learning process changes the brain，says Sarah Lynn.One way it changes the brain is by creating connections，which are called dendrites(树突)．Lynn suggests that dendrite connections are important for retrieval.There are three main ideas about how to grow dendrites and improve retrieval, making connections，using repetition and testing yourself.
Lynn is not the only expert who recommends self-testing.A paper in Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition says one benefit of testing practice is that it improves retrieval.Retrieving information once makes retrieving that information easier in the future.In addition，the paper says，when student test themselves as part of studying，they learn what they do not know.When students know what they do not understand，they can pay attention to overcoming their weaknesses.Lynn recommends that learners test themselves by getting away from what they are studying.Then，they should test themselves by thinking about what they have learned.She recommends that learners make themselves write or speak something.Lynn suggests reading something or watching a video on the topic，then getting rid of the reading or audio material and summarizing it.This will allow learners to test what they know.
The benefits of such practice，Lynn says，are not just about improving your ability to remember information.By testing yourself，you can build confidence in the skills you have developed.When you test yourself，Lynn says，you will see how much
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progress you have made.This progress will satisfy and encourage you to do more in the future.
Next time you are studying English，try to test yourself.A simple way to test vocabulary is to create flashcards with clues on one side and the answer on the back.Another way is to use online services to create digital flashcards，through which learners can do a variety of activities based on one set of new words or information.You can match words with meanings，write a word after looking at a picture，or listen to a word and write it.You can also play games with the new words and meanings.Another way is to ask yourself questions at the end of the day，at the end of a study session，or at other times.Lynn recommends that learners ask themselves questions such as，“What did I learn today? What were those words that I thought were interesting? What was that verb tense I learned? How does it work？”
The
important
point
is
this：Effective_learning_takes_time，effort_and_practice．Do not just assume that you can read something once or twice and fully understand it.Even if you highlight important points or take notes in a class，you probably do not fully understand what you learned.After all，Olympic athletes cannot learn how to swim or run just from reading a book.They have to practice swimming or running every day for years.They often compete in races to test their skills.Like those athletes，successful language learners practice as much as they can，and test themselves to improve their skills.
Self-testing is one way to improve your retrieval and inform your future course of study.Give it a try，and let us know how it works for you.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了Sarah Lynn提出的自我测试可以提高英语学习者记忆和使用新单词的能力的观点。
1．According to Sarah Lynn，what's the common situation faced by English learners? A．They are always forgetting what they have just learned despite their effort. B．They have to improve their ability both on a test and in a conversation. C．They don't learn something as well as they thought they did. D．They don't master ways to improve their skills on a test.
C [推理判断题。根据第二段“If you are like most learners，you may have faced
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