中国人民银行办公厅关于印发《经济金融术语汉英对照表》的通知
颁布机关: 文 号: 颁布时间: 实施时间: 效力状态:
总行各司局、外汇管理局,中国人民银行各省、自治区、直辖市分行,深圳经济特区分行:
为更好的适应对外金融交往的需要,准确把握一些重要的汉英宏观经济金融术语的内涵,现印发已编译出的汉英经济金融术语汇编,供你们在工作和学习时使用。
中国人民银行办公厅
一九九八年三月二十五日
附:
经济金融术语汉英对照表(表一)
A 安全网 按可比口径 按轻重缓急 暗补 暗亏 B
颁发营业执照 办理存款业务 保护农民的生产积极性
safety net
on comparable basis to prioritize implicit subsidy hidden loss
to license;to grant a licence to to take deposits
to protect farmers'incentive to produce
中国人民银行办公厅 银办发[1998]26号 03/25/1998 03/25/1998 有效
备付金(超额准备金) 本外币并账
本外币对冲操作 本位利益 奔小康
避税(请见“逃税”) 币种搭配不当 币种构成 变相社会集资 表外科目(业务) 薄弱环节 不变成本 不变价 不动产
不良贷款(资产) C 财务公司 财政赤字 财政挤银行
财政政策与货币政策的配合采取循序渐进的方法 操作弹性 操纵汇率 产品构成 产品积压 产销率
excess reserves consolidation of domestic
and
foreign
currencyaccounts
sterilization operation
localized interest;departmentalism
to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do tax avoidance currency mismatch currency composition
disguised irregular(or illegal) fund raising off-balance-sheet items(operation) weaknesses;loopholes fixed cost
at constant price;in real terms real estate
problem loans;non-performing loans(assets)
finance companies fiscal deficit
fiscal pressure on the central bank(over monetary policy)
coordination of fiscal and monetary policies in a phased and sequenced manner operational flexibility to manipulate exchange rate product composition;product mix stock pile;excessive inventory
current period inventory;(即期库存,不含前期库存)sales/output ratio
产销衔接 产业政策 长期国债 敞口头寸 炒股 承购包销 成套机电产品 城市信用社 城市合作银行
城市商业银行
城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅持续升温 重复布点 重置成本 重组计划 筹资渠道 初见成效
出口统一管理、归口经营 出口退税 储蓄存款
储蓄分流 储源萎缩 传导机制 从价税 从紧控制 存贷款比例 存款保险体系
marketability industrial policy treasury bonds open position
to speculate in the stock market underwrite(securities)
complete sets of equipment;complete plant(s)urban credit cooperatives(UCCs)
urban cooperative banks;municipal united banks
municipal commercial banks real growth in household income persistent overheating duplicate projects replacement cost restructuring plan
funding sources;financing channels initial success canalization of exports export tax rebate
household deposits(不完全等同于西方savingsdeposits,前者包括活期存款,后者不包括。) diversion of household deposits
decline in the availability of household savings transmission mechanism ad valorem tax tight control loan/deposit ratio deposit insurance system
存款货币银行 存款准备金 D 打白条 大额存单 大额提现 大面积滑坡 大一统的银行体制 呆账(请见“坏账”)呆账准备金 呆滞贷款 贷款沉淀 贷款分类 贷款限额管理 贷款约束机制 代理国库 代理金融机构贷款 戴帽贷款 倒逼机制
道德风险 地区差别 第一产业 第二产业 第三产业 递延资产 订货不足 定期存款 定向募集
deposit money banks required reserves issue IOU
certificate of deposit(CD) withdraw deposits in large amounts wide-spread decline
(all-in-one)mono-bank system bad loans
loan loss reserves(provisions) idle loans
non-performing loans loan classification
credit control;to impose credit ceiling credit disciplinary(constraint)mechanism to act as fiscal agent
make loans on behalf of other institutions ear-marked loans
reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition moral hazard regional disparity the primary industry the secondary industry
the service industry;the tertiary industry deferrable assets insufficient orders time deposits
raising funds from targeted sources
东道国(请见“母国”) 独立核算 短期国债 对冲操作 对非金融部门债权 多种所有制形式 E
恶性通货膨胀 二级市场 F 发行货币 发行总股本 法定准备金 法人股 法人股东 法治 房地产投资 放松银根 非现场稽核 非银行金融机构 非赢利性机构 分税制
分业经营
风险暴露(风险敞口) 风险管理 风险意识 风险资本比例
host country
independent accounting treasury bills
sterilization operation;hedging claims on non-financial sector diversified ownership
hyperinflation secondary market
to issue currency total stock issue
required reserves;reserve requirement institutional shares institutional shareholders rule of law
real estate investment to ease monetary policy
off-site surveillance(or monitoring) non-bank financial institutions non-profit organizations
assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system
segregation of financial busines(services);division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions
risk exposure risk management risk awareness
risk-weighted capital ratios