manufacturing and many other units . In order to carry out boiling out successfully, it is suggested that, the work can be divided as follows under the coordination of the engineering headquarters: 4.7.1 安装单位负责组织安装、维护及加药和恢复。
Installation company is responsible for organizing installation, maintenance, dosing and recovery. 4.7.2 调试单位负责编制方案、报告及过程技术指导。
Commissioning company is responsible for compiling scheme, report and technical instruction on the process. 4.7.3 生产单位负责设备运行和取样化验。
Production company is responsible for equipment operation as well as sampling and testing.
五、蒸汽严密性试验及安全门调整Steam leak test and safety door adjustment 5.1蒸汽严密性试验和安全门调整的目的 Purpose of Steam leak test and safety door adjustment
蒸汽严密性试验的目的是,在额定压力下，对锅炉受热面的管件及全部汽水管道的焊口、法兰、阀门进行严密性试验检查；同时，对汽包、联箱、各受热面部件和锅炉范围内的汽水管道的膨胀情况、弹簧吊架、拉杆受力、管道位移状况进行检查，以保证锅炉安全可靠地投入生产运行。
Purpose of Steam leak test and safety door adjustment is to check the leakage of piping on boiler heating surface , all the welding port of steam pipe , flanges, valves under rated pressure. Meanwhile, To ensure safety operation of the boiler, expansion of drum , header, parts on heating surface and steam piping within boiler scope , spring hanger, drawbar stress , pipe drift shall be checked .
安全阀调整试验的目的是，在锅炉受压容器及管道超压时，安全阀应准确启座，及时排汽泄压；降压后迅速回座且关闭严密，确保锅炉机组安全稳定运行。汽包装有两台安全门，过热器集汽联箱上装有一台安全门，安全门形式为弹簧式。
Purpose of safety adjustment test is to test timely response and steam release when boiler pressure vessel and pipe are over pressured , and quick re-seating and sealing after pressure drop , thus ensure safety and stable operation of boiler unit. The steam drum is equipped with two safety door. Superheater steam header is equipped with one safety door which is spring type.
5.2蒸汽严密性试验及安全阀调整应具备的条件
Conditions necessary for steam leak test and safety valve adjustment 5.2.1 锅炉应具备点火启动条件，所有辅属设备都可以投入运行。 The boiler is ready for ignition ,all the auxiliary equipments are ready for operation. 5.2.2 风烟系统、汽水系统、上煤、除灰系统具备投入条件。
Flue gas system , steam system , coal feed system , ash handle system are ready for operation 5.2.3 机组的热力系统蒸汽吹管工作完成。
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Steam pipe purging for unit’s thermal system has been completed.
5.2.4 锅炉各部的膨胀间隙正确、膨胀指示器安装齐全，冷态调定零位。
The clearance of expansion between each part of boiler is correct , with expansion indicator properly installed and zero positioned under cold position .
5.2.5 减温系统调试结束，具备投入条件。
Temperature reduction system has been commissioned and ready for operation 5.2.6 汽水系统中的管道、联箱支吊架调整完成。
Adjustment of pipe , header support and hanger of steam system has been completed 5.2.7 走梯、平台、栏杆完好，道路畅通，照明充足。
The ladder ,platform , handrail shall be in good condition, with passage unblocked and adequate lighting., 5.2.8 安全阀就地应装好校验准确的标准压力表。
The safety valves shall be equipped with calibrated standard pressure gauge.
5.3蒸汽严密性试验检查项目及检查方法 item to be inspected and method for steam leak test 5.3.1 检查项目 inspection item
5.3.1.1检查锅炉汽水系统承压部件的焊口、人孔、手孔和法兰等。
Welding port, manhole, handhole, flange of boiler steam system pressure parts shall be inspected 5.3.1.2 检查锅炉附件及全部汽水系统阀门。
Boiler accessories and all steam water system valve shall be inspected
5.3.1.3 检查汽包、联箱、各受热面部件和锅炉范围内的汽水管道的膨胀情况。
Expansion condition of steam drum, header, parts of heating surface, steam water pipe within boiler scope shall be inspected. 5.3.1.4 检查受热面及管道等支吊架、弹簧的受力、位移状况。
Stress and drift of pipe support and hanger, spring for heating surface and pipe shall be inspected. 5.3.2 检查方法 Inspection method
5.3.2.1 按检查项目首先对设备外观作详细认真地观察，是否有擦伤、锈蚀及影响使用性能的缺陷，并作出准确判断。 Equipment appearance shall be carefully inspected for bruise, rust or other defects that affecting function according to check list, and make correct judgemnet
5.3.2.2 对锅炉本体的承压部件，如省煤器、水冷壁、过热器等，在保证人身安全的条件下，可以借助打开相关的检查孔或手孔，倾听炉内有无泄漏声音。
The pressurized parts , such as economizer , water wall, superheater, under the premise of personal safety , shall be inspected for sound of leakage through the related hole or hand hole.
5.3.2.3 炉外部的联箱、汽水管道、阀门及法兰等，从外观检查倾听或借助于外物接触检验其严密程度。
For boiler external header, steam water pipe, valves and flanges, they shall be inspected from appearance or from physical contacts through other tools for its airtightness.
5.3.2.4 对于汽水取样管、热工仪表管以及压力、温度、流量变送器或现场的显示仪表的检查判断采用观察、听声音的方法。
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For steam sampling pipe, thermodynamic instruments, and pressure , temperature, flow transmitter or other display instruments at site , they shall be observed by eyes and heard by ears.
5.3.2.5对于联箱、汽水管道等承压部件的膨胀或位移及其支座、吊杆和弹簧吊架等设施的拉伸和移动，要作好原始记录；从点火升压至额定压力要作不少于3次的检查记录。
Expansion or drift of pressurized parts of header, steam water pipe , stretching and displacement of hanger rod, spring hanger shall be recorded ; and no less than 3 times of record shall be made from ignition pressure rise to rated pressure. 5.3.2.6 对不严密或有泄漏的设备缺陷，要做好详细记录，通知有关部门及时处理。
Any defective equipment with leakage shall be carefully recorded and notify related department for timely treatment . 5.3.2.7在升温升压过程中，控制升温速度≯5℃/min，升压速度≯0.03MPa/min。
During process of temperature rise and pressure rise, temperature rise speed shall be within 5℃/min, and pressure rise speed shall be within 0.03MPa/min.
5.3.2.8建议在下列工况下，检查并记录锅炉各部位的膨胀值:
It is suggested that following parts of boiler shall be recorded under those work condition: 锅炉上水前/后 before and after water feed to boiler 过热器压力: 3.5 MPa superheater pressure : 3.5 MPa 过热器压力: 7.0 Mpa superheater pressure: 7.0Mpa
5.3.2.9当锅炉过热器压力达到额定压力7.0MPa后，稳定压力，对锅炉各部位进行严密性检查。
When boiler superheater’s pressure reaches rated pressure 7.0Mpa, keep it steady and check all the parts of boiler for leakage.
5.4 蒸汽严密性试验的验收确认 Inspection and acceptance of steam leak test 5.4.1检查组应由建设、安装、调试等单位的专业人员组成。
The inspection team shall be made up of professionals from construction, installation, commissioning company. 5.4.2检查完毕, 根据相关验收规范由检查组确认合格后，宣告蒸汽严密性试验结束。
After inspection, and inspection team declare acceptance according to inspection code and announce steam leak test is over. 5.4.3 对检查结果做好记录，办理蒸汽严密性试验合格签证。 The inspection result shall be recorded for certificate of steam leak test 5.4.4 蒸汽严密性试验之后，进行安全阀调整试验。 After steam leak test, safety valve adjustment shall be tested .
5.5升压过程注意事项及安全措施notes and safety precautions during pressure rise
5.5.1按锅炉运行规程和辅机启动措施规定进行有关辅机和系统的启动，注意监视并调整燃烧工况。
Auxiliary equipments and system shall be started according to the boiler operation and auxiliary equipment startup regulations , and be observed and adjusted for combustion status.
5.5.2 升温、升压过程中，注意监视汽包上下壁温差及各级受热面金属壁温、各处烟温。
During pressure rise and drop, the temperature difference of upper and lower wall of steam drum and metal wall temperature and smoke temperature of heating surface of each level.
5.5.3发现异常状况应立即停止升压，及时查明原因，消除缺陷之后方可继续升压。
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Pressure rise shall be stopped immediately when abnormality is found , and after reason investigated and problem solved , pressure rise may continue.
5.5.4若发现有造成设备损坏以及严重危害锅炉运行的缺陷时，应按规定紧急停炉处理。
The boiler shall be shut down for emergency treatment if any defective o that will cause equipment damage or harm to boiler operation is spotted.
5.5.5检查炉本体及观察燃烧情况时，应事前通知控制室监盘人员，适当提高炉膛负压，检查人员应做好防护措施。 The monitor people in control room shall be notified for rise of furnace negative pressure before inspection of boiler proper and combustion condition , and inspector shall take necessary protective measures. 5.5.6在检查汽水管道的阀门、法兰时，要防止内部介质外泄伤人。
When valves, flanges of steam water pipe are inspected ,protection shall be made to prevent accidents caused by internal medium leakage .
5.5.7升压过程中开启过热器疏水和对空排汽门， 使过热器得到充分冷却。
During pressure rise , drainage and exhaust valve of superheater shall keep open to provide adequate cooling to superheater. 5.5.8当锅炉压力升到额定压力时，控制锅炉燃烧率，保持锅炉压力稳定，不许超压；检查完成后，待令调整。 When boiler’s pressure reaches its rated pressure, the boiler combustion rate shall be controlled to keep boiler pressure stable without overpressure ; after inspection , wait order for adjustment.
5.5.9由专人负责组织试验检查，听从统一指挥，任何人不得做与试验无关操作，发现问题及时报告。
Specially assigned person is responsible for organizing test and inspection, crews shall follow unified command , operation has nothing to do with test is prohibited , any problem spotted shall be reported.
5.6安全阀调整定前的检查及准备 I nspection and preparations before safety valve adjustment 5.6.1检查项目 inspection item
5.6.1.1安全阀安装的是否垂直，且安全阀在锅炉水压时应做动作值检查。
Installation of safety valve shall be checked for its verticality, and operating value of safety valve shall be checked with boiler water pressure.
5.6.1.2各部件的材质、加工精度和光洁度、配合间隙等符合图纸规定。
Material of each parts, machining accuracy ,finish, fit clearance shall conform to drawing requirements. 5.6.1.3密封面应结合良好，严密不漏；弹簧质量应符合技术要求。
Sealing surface shall in close contact without leakage; spring quality shall meet technical requirement. 5.6.1.4排汽管内径应大于安全阀出口直径，排放管安装应牢固。
The Id of steam exhaust pipe shall be bigger than the outlet diameter of safety valve , the exhaust pipe shall be firmly installed . 5.6.1.5安全阀排汽管中心线与阀中心线间距不得大于设计值，排放管径选择、布臵、走向是否合理。
The distance between center line of safety valve steam exhaust pipe and that of valve shall not exceed design value , the exhaust pipe diameter, layout , route shall be rational.
5.6.1.6排放管及膨胀节自重不压在安全阀体上，应固定于建筑物上。
The exhaust pipe and expansion joint shall not load its own weight on safety valve body, they shall be fixed on building.
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5.6.1.7每台安全阀的排放管、疏水管应分别装设，不准两台共用或多台连在一起，疏水管内不得有积水的地方。 Exhaust pipe, drainage pipe of each safety valve shall be installed separately , shared usage or interconnection is prohibited , the drainage pipe allows no water accumulation.
5.6.1.8热态下，安全阀阀体不应受到与其相连或相邻物体的热膨胀而产生对其的附加作用力。
Under hot condition, safety valve body shall not load with additional force caused by thermal expansion of connected item or subject adjacent to it
5.6.1.9检修、调整、运行维护是否方便。Easy maintenance , adjustment and operation 5.6.2准备preparations
5.6.2.1准备好调整用的活扳手、钳子、螺丝刀、钢板尺、绳子等。 Monkey wrench, plier, screw driver, steel ruler, ropes shall be prepared. 5.6.2.2准备一块0.4级以上的10MPa量程标准压力表
A standard 10 Mpa pressure gauge with grade over 0.4 shall be prepared 5.6.2.3准备好秒表、对讲机、计算器、笔、记录本等。
Chronograph, walkie-talkie, calculator, pen , notebook shall be prepared.
5.7安全阀校验步骤及方法
Steps and method of Safety Valve Calibration 5.7.1 安全阀的吹扫safety valve purging A．将麻绳绑在手动操作机构的手柄端部；
Tie the hemp rope onto the handle shank of manually operated mechanism
B．锅炉升压到整定压力的 80％时手拉麻绳，拉起杠杆，使安全阀开启至全行程，进行吹扫，每只安全阀吹扫时间不得少于半分钟；
Manaully pull the hemp rope when boiler pressure rise to set value , let safety valve open to its full trip , start purge and last for no less than half minute for each safety valve.
C．吹扫终止后，应迅速松回拉绳，使安全阀迅速关闭，确保严密不漏。否则，松回迟缓，很可能有污物夹杂在结合面上，造成关闭不严产生漏泄；
After purging, the rope shall be loosened to let safety valve shut quickly without any leakage. For slow loose of rope may cause bad sealing and leakage.
5.7.2 安全阀吹扫完毕后，检查安全阀排放管和各部分的膨胀情况和安装质量，如有问题及时处理。
After purge of safety valve, the exhaust pipe and other parts shall be checked for their expansion and installation quality , problem shall be handled timely.
5.7.3 在试启跳前，除试跳的一台外，其它安全阀均装好压块、小罩及手动机构或者装上固定顶丝压紧安全阀。当锅炉压力升到启跳压力的85％时压住阀杆，在启跳压力的85％以下值时，不得压阀杆，免得阀杆受热后弯曲变形，一台起跳试验合格后，将其阀杆压住，锅炉降压运行，将下一台试跳的安全阀压块或顶丝拆下，升压试跳，同样方法依次进行；当试启跳的安全阀全部试跳合格后，再将压块或顶丝拆除，将手动机构装好，将上下调整环的调整杆铅封或上锁，调试结束。
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