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8B Unit 2语法讲义——过去进行时
一、过去进行时结构： was/were + 动词的现在分词 否定句则在was/were后加一个not,疑问句将was/were提前则可。 如：He was reading a book at 5:00pm yesterday.
→He was not reading a book at 5:00 yesterday.
→Was he reading a book at 5:00 yesterday? (Yes, he was./ No, he wasn’t.) →What was he doing at 5:00 yesterday?
二、过去进行时用法：
1. 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的状语连用。如： （just）then 那时，当时 at this/that time 在这/那时 yesterday afternoon昨天下午
at nine 在九点 last night 昨晚 （at）this time yesterday在昨天这个时候
但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。
①What were you doing at nine last night? 昨晚九点的时候，你在做什么？
②I was watching TV at home yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午正在家里看电视。 ③They were playing football at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他们在踢足球。 2.过去进行时也可以表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与those days, the whole morning, from 8:00 to 12:00 last night等时间状语连用。 （1）From 1983 to 1998 , he was teaching at Yale . 从1983到1998年，他正在耶鲁大学教书。
（2）They were building a bridge last winter . 去年冬天他们正在造一座桥。 (3) He was writing a book those days. 那几天他正在写一本书
3.过去进行时与频度副词always等连用时表示过去经常反复的动作，常常带有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱等情绪。
⑴My sister was always forgetting things.(表示埋怨) ⑵He was always helping others. (表示赞扬) 4. 过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作，常用在间接引语中。
①Lucy arrived in Beijing last Friday. But she was leaving for Hong Kong the next morning. 上周五Lucy到达北京，但第二天早晨就要动身去香港了。
②She asked him if he was coming back for lunch. 她问他午饭是否准备回来吃。 5、过去进行时和一般过去时的区别。 过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作，而一般过去时则表示一个完成的动作。也就是说用一般过去时，只表示有过这件事；用过去进行时，则强调动作的连续性。 ① I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我写了一封信。（信写完了）
I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在写一封信。（信不一定写完） ② The children watched TV yesterday evening. 昨天晚上孩子们看了电视。（强调过去发生了这件
事）
The children were watching TV yesterday evening. 昨晚孩子们都在看电视。（强调昨晚看电视这
一动作的持续性）
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三、when, while 的用法
when和while与过去进行时有着密切的关系，他们作从属连词时都有“当…….时候”之意，
用法稍有不同： ① ②
when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是短暂性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。 when引导的从句谓语动词如果是短暂性动词则用一般过去时，主句是延续性动词则用过去进行时，从句动作发生在主句动作的时间段之内（长动作用过去进行时，短动作用一般过去时）；如果主句和从句两个谓语动词都是延续性动词则全部用过③ ④
去进行时,这时when和while都可以用。 when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 when和while两个词还可以用作并列连词，但意思不同，when相当于“在那时”，等于at that time或just then;而while则相当于“而；却；但是”；相当于but,表示对比关系。（这一点暂时可以不掌握） when +短/延 eg. ⑴ I was playing computer games when my father got home. while +延 = When my father got home,I was playing computer games. (2) Mother was cooking when/while I was doing my homework. = When/While I was doing my homework, mother was cooking. 过去进行时巩固练习：（聪明的你一定能全部做对）
1． Simon _____________ (make) a model plane at 8:00 a.m. 2． Peter ______________(do) his homework at seven last night. 3． They ____________ (watch) a football match from 7:00 to 9:00 last night. 4． He _____________(try) to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time. 5． What book ________ you ____________(read) when I ________ (see)you at four yesterday afternoon? 6． While she __________ (watch) TV, her son ____________ (play) outside the room. 7． It ________ (begin) to rain while we _____________(work) in the field. 8． I ________ (do) my homework last night when the light _______ (go) out. {go out 意为熄灭}
9． ——I saw you in the reading room yesterday , Tom. What were you doing? ------Oh, I ____________ (read) some books on science. 10. Girls ___________(dance) while boys ____________(sing) at the party. 11.--- Did you see Tim just now?
--- Yes. He __________ (fish) by the river.
12.When the teacher ______ (come) into the classroom, the students __________（laugh）loudly.