摘 要
材料成型与控制工程专业本科毕业论文
大型铸钢圆筒件
的铸造工艺设计与数值模拟
摘 要
本文运用传统方法完成了对铸钢圆筒件的铸造工艺方案设计，包括分型面、浇注位置的选择、砂芯、各项铸造工艺参数的确定以及浇注系统、冒口、冷铁的设计。根据铸件体积较大的特点，在铸件两侧设计了用两个内浇道同时对铸件进行浇注的浇注系统；在2个热节处安置冒口，并将冷铁配合使用来实现铸件的定向凝固。建立了铸件的三维模型，用ViewCast软件模拟了铸钢件圆筒的充型和凝固过程。模拟结果显示，在铸件靠近内浇道处会产生缩孔缩松缺陷。根据数值模拟结果并结合理论分析，使用发热材料的方法来改进工艺，经过优化设计，最大程度地消除了铸造缺陷，从而获得了合适的铸造工艺方案。
关键词：铸造工艺；数值模拟；设计优化
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河南理工大学2009届本科毕业论文（设计）
II
Abstract
Abstract
The casting technological parameters of the Steel casting cylinder, including the parting surface, pouring position, pouting system, riser and chill were defined by using traditional methods in the paper. According to the casting characteristics of big shape, on both sides of the casting is designed with two runner which pouring the casting at the same time; calculating the volume of the riser in the hot spot, and with the use of cold iron to achieve directional solidification sequence of casting. The 3-D model of the casting was build and the simulation software, ViewCast, was employed to analyze the solidification process and filling process of the casting. The simulation result indicates that the shrinkage defects formed department within the sprue .According to the simulation result the original technological parameters, using the method of extending cold iron in the side of the cold iron, in the other side of the cold iron sets the gating system, and with the use of fever materials to the improve process, after several rounds of optimization design, the defects were eliminated to the greatest extent, obtaining the optimal technology program eventually. Keywords： casting process; numerical simulation; design optimization
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目 录
目 录
摘 要 ........................................................................................................................... I Abstract ..................................................................................................................... III
第1章 绪论 ................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 铸造成形加工技术的国内外发展 ............................................................... 1
1.1.1 国外发展状况 .................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 国内发展情况 .................................................................................... 2 1.2 计算机技术在铸造业的应用 ....................................................................... 3
1.2.1 铸造模拟软件的概述 ........................................................................ 3 1.2.2 计算机模拟的优点 ............................................................................ 4 1.3 本文主要研究内容 ....................................................................................... 6
1.3.1主要研究内容 ..................................................................................... 6 1.3.2 拟采用的方法 .................................................................................... 6
第2章 大型铸钢圆筒件的传统工艺方案的设计 .................................................... 9
2.1 铸件的结构特点及工艺要求 ....................................................................... 9
2.1.1 生产条件 ............................................................................................ 9 2.1.2 主要技术要求 .................................................................................... 9 2.2 零件结构的铸造工艺性 ............................................................................... 9
2.2.1 铸件质量对零件结构的要求 ............................................................ 9 2.2.2 铸造方法的选择 .............................................................................. 10 2.2.3 分型面的选择 .................................................................................. 10 2.3 铸造工艺设计参数 ..................................................................................... 11 2.4 砂芯设计 ..................................................................................................... 13
2.4.1 砂芯形状及分盒面的选择原则 ...................................................... 13 2.4.2 芯头设计 .......................................................................................... 13 2.4.3 砂芯的固定和定位 .......................................................................... 14 2.4.4 芯骨 .................................................................................................. 14
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