2015年职称英语英语教材词汇选项电子版
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A) inspiring B) boring C) moving D) frightening
答案与题解：
1.A appalling表示条件之差使人感到吃惊。Dreadful有类似的意义。如：my financial situation is dreadful.此句改用appalling也是可以的。Bad，unpleasant和poor都可以跟condition搭配。因此可以说：They have been living under bad conditions for two years.They have been living under poor conditions for two years.注意：appalling conditions蕴涵bad（或unpleasant或poor）conditions，但反向的蕴涵是不成立的。用句通俗的话说，是appalling conditions必定是bad appalling conditions。也就是说，appalling跟bad，unpleasant和poor在意义上存在着明显的差别。注意：如果用bad 或poor 替换appalling，生成的都是错误的句子。
2.B anyhow的一种意思是：不管其他句子所说的，本命题为真。可以看出，该词用在该句中非常合适，因为I wasn’t qualified for the job really.是“不管其他句子所说的”，I got it这个命题是真的。又如：I am coming anyhow，no matter what others say.其中的no matter what others say是说：不管其他人怎么说。I am coming 这个命题是真的。Anyway在绝大多数情况中表达的意义跟anyhow都相同，因而二者常可替换。Anyhow有一种意思是后面所说的支持前面所说的，在这一种意思上，它等于besides。Mother certainly won’t let him stay with her and anyhow he wouldn’t.此处的anyhow可由besides替换。但在练习题中的anyhow不是这个意思。Anyhow也可用来结束会话，这也是well的一个功能。如：Anyhow，thanks a lot.Bye bye.但练习题中的anyhow不是用来结束会话的，因而不能由well替换。
3.C attain有同感努力取得了某种东西或达到某种状态的意思。如：He attained the position of minister.They were unable to attain their objectives.achieve的意思是通过努力取得或达到某种目标，意思跟attain很接近，因而可由后者替换。Reached也有“达到”的意思，但它本身并不含“需要通过努力”，因而它不可替代achieved.下面举一个reach用法的例子。The process of political change in South Africa has reached the stage where it is irreversible.reap是“收获；获得”的意思。The painting depicted a group of peasants reaping a harvest of fruits and vegetables. You’ll soon begin to reap the benefits of being fitter.take也有“获得；取得”的意思，但它不能跟success搭配。
4.D capability：能力；力量。又如：Now we have the capability of defending our country，all thanks to our own efforts.The country has the capability to defeat any aggressor.ability：能力；本领。From each according to his abilities，to each according to his work.ability和capability在意义上有相同的一面，因而在一定语境中可以互换。可以看出，ability和capability在搭配上是有差别的，前者只可跟to搭配，但后者既可跟to又可跟of搭配。二者的形容词分别是able和capable：I ought to be able to live on my salary.She was perfectly capable of taking care of herself.注意：capable只能跟of而不能跟to搭配。不难看出，词的意义不决定句法结构。Strength：力量；优点。Their military strength has gone down because their air force has proved to be an effective force.此句中strength可由capacity替代而不改变句子的意义。Possibility：可能性。
5.A in conjunction with：与 共同或协力。Together with具有相同的意思，用together代入后，所生成的也是一个在语法上正确的句子。In succession：接连发生，不跟with，如：he had missed five dinners in succession.in alliance with：结盟。They are now in a position to govern the state in alliance with either the Free Democrats or the Green Party.in connection with：与 一起；与 相关。Thirteen men were questioned in connection with the murder.
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