非谓语动词解题技巧、解题原则；在作定语、状语、宾语的区别
非谓语动词
非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式。
非谓语动词的形式 分类 不定式 形式 主动式 被动式 V-ing 主动式 被动式 过去分词 一般式 to do to be done doing being done done 进行式 to be doing 无 无 无 完成式 to have done to have been done having done having been done
非谓语动词试题的解题步骤
解非谓语动词的试题，我们需按照“分析句子结构、分析逻辑主语、分析语态、分析时态”四个步骤来解题。一、区分简单句与复合句，判断谓语动词还是非谓语动词。两个句子必须要用连词连接，(特别注意祈使句的用法）如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词。
1. That was definitely not an attractive idea, so I politely declined her invitation,
closed(close) my book and walked away. （连词so）
2. We also have to consider the feeling of the person receiving ( receive) the gift.（无连词）
3. Spend (spend) more time on your study, and you are likely to make bigger
progress（尤其注意含有连词的情况下祈使句的用法）. 4. He totally devoted himself to science study, which made (make) his family
very upset.（主动复合句，非限定性定语从句）
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非谓语动词解题技巧、解题原则；在作定语、状语、宾语的区别
十大解题原则
原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词 1）_D_ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.(有连词） A. Having been told B. Having told
C. He had been told D. Though he had been told
原则二、过去分词表被动表完成，不及物动词无被动，所以不及物动词无-ed形式的非谓语动词。 2)____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.
A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing
解析：lose为及物动词，现在后面没有宾语，所以用-ed形式，答案为B。 原则三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作状语，只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式to have done或having done强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前 3)__ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed
解析：根据句意“我们没有打通电话，就给他们发了个邮件”，没有打通电话应该发生在发邮件之前，所以用having done，答案为D。
原则四、非谓语动词作定语时，表示将来用-to do，表正在进行用-ing，表示已经完成用-ed 4) The play_____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture． A．produced B．being produced C．to be produced D．having been produced
解析：根据本题中的时间状语next month，可知the play将要于下月被创作出来，表将来应该用to do，所以答案为C。
The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road. A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down
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非谓语动词解题技巧、解题原则；在作定语、状语、宾语的区别
解析：根据句意“被暴风雨刮倒的树已经从路上移走了”，树被刮倒是过去已经完成的动作，表已经完成用-ed形式，所以答案为B。 原则五、介词后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加逻辑主语 5)At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.
A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close
解析：本题the noise of中的of是介词，后面应该用-ing形式，desks作-ing的逻辑主语，所以答案为C。
原则六、动名词或to do可作主语，现在分词和过去分词则不可以 6)___________ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience. A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch
解析：本题中is为系动词，前面应该作主语，用-ing形式，所以答案为C。 解析：本题中is为系动词，前面应该作主语，用-ing形式，所以答案为C。 原则七、be+-ed+介词结构常可把be去掉保留-ed+介词做状语 7)Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared
解析：“和。。。相比较”结构为be compared with，现在做句子的状语，所以只保留非谓语动词，把动词be去掉，答案为D。
原则八、非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，和句子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式，构成动宾关系是用-ed形式。其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时，要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构 8) ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.
A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语应和句子主语the postman一致，the postman应该是被咬，所以答案为B。 9)While watching television, __________. A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
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非谓语动词解题技巧、解题原则；在作定语、状语、宾语的区别
解析：根据“非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致”的原则，watching的逻辑主语应和后面句子主语一致，所以句子主语应为“we”，答案为C。
10)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day.
A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
解析：本题没有连词，所以后面应用非谓语动词，the lessons是非谓语动词的逻辑主语，和非谓语动词构成独立主格结构。根据句意应是“被完成”，所以答案为B。
原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种：目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语（表示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式）。另外，某些形容词（表喜、怒、哀、乐）做表语后跟不定式可以表示原因 11)．_____, you need to give all you have and try your best. A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner
解析：根据句意“要想成为获胜者，你要付出所有，尽最大努力”，此处表目的，所以答案为B。
12) The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
解析：本句句意为“记者们匆匆赶到机场，却被告知明星们已经走了”，表出乎意料的结果常常用only to do，所以答案为B。
原则十、 非谓语动词的否定原则是在非谓语动词前加not，有not to do, not doing, not having done, not to have done几种形式 例23______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized
解析： 本题考查doing的否定形式not doing，答案为 C。 例24. What worried him most was ______ to visit his sick child. A. his being not allowed B. his not being allowed
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非谓语动词解题技巧、解题原则；在作定语、状语、宾语的区别
C. his not allowing D. having not been allowed
解析：本题考查being done的否定形式not being done; his 为not being done的逻辑主语，所以答案为B。
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