A. Create Your Own Life B. Hold Your Head Up
C. People You Meet in Life D. Things Happen to You
专项训练四 哲理故事 参考答案
Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍的是河马羡慕鸟会飞、会爬树、会唱歌，因此自己学习爬树、唱歌而引起的闹剧。文章告诉我们：人各有所长，不要因为羡慕别人的长处，忽视自己的优点，更不能违背自然规律。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：河马羡慕鸟是因为。根据第二段第二句“The songs of the bird filled the hippo with so much envy(羡慕) that he couldn't think of anything else.”可知河马羡慕鸟的歌声。故选C。
2. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：读完文章后，我们知道。根据第三段第一句“Finally, the hippo made up his mind that he would come out of the river, climb the tree, and start singing.”可知河马试图做一些违背他的本性的事情。故选D。
3. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在这个故事中河马。根据本文最后一句“He used all his strength to raise the tree back up again, and look after it until it completely recovered(康复)．”可知河马意识到自己的错误，并改正了错误。故选D。
4. C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从这篇文章中，我们可以推断河马在这样的一个经历之后。根据最后一段可知河马意识到了自己的错误，费力将撞倒的树扶正并照顾它康复，因此推测它不再羡慕那只鸟了。故选C。
5. A【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题可能是“”。主要讲述了一只渴望离开水、学唱歌、学爬树的河马的故事，故选A。
Passage 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了三条鱼面对被捕获的危险时做出了不同的反应，并有了不同的结局。这告诉我们及时做出改变很重要。
1. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章是一个。 根据短文内容可以知这是一个故事，故选B。
2. C【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：短文中划线单词“ignorance”的汉语意思是“”。根
据上句“They still haven't realized we are in great danger now. ”可知这两条鱼是不聪明、不敏锐的。故选C。
3. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Jimmy认为他可以通过逃过渔民的捕捉。根据第四段第二句“...What can I do to save myself from these men and their nets? Perhaps I should pretend(假装) to be already dead...”可知Jimmy 通过装死逃过渔民的捕捉，故选B。
4. C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：最后谁被渔民抓到了？根据最后一段并结合第一段中的“...Martin, the third one, was stupid.”可知Martin被抓。故选C。
5. A【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：通过短文我们可以学到什么？根据故事情节可知，如果第三条鱼也早一点游去大海，也不会被捕。故事告诉我们及时做出改变的重要性。故选A。Passage 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。有时，你遇到的人会影响你的生活；有时，你经历的成功和失败也会成就你。因此，珍惜生命中所遇到的一切，制定目标，相信自己，努力创造自己的生活。
1. D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们所遇到的人。根据第一段最后一句“But you know that every moment they will influence your life in some serious way.”可知，我们所遇到的这些人会在某种程度上影响我们，改变我们，故选D。
2. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从这篇文章中我们得知坏的事情能使我们。根据第二段第三句“But later you realize that without overcoming those difficulties, you would have never realized your further ability and advantages.”可知，那些不好的事情可以让我们意识到我们的潜在能力和优点，故选A。
3. C【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：文章中划线单词“poignant”的汉语意思是“”。根据第三段前两句“The people you meet influence your life, and the success and failure you experience create who you are. Even the bad experience can be learned from.”可知，你的成功和失败会造就你是一个什么样的人，即使是坏的经历你也可以从中学到很多；再结合常识可知往往是那些不好的事情会让人们有更深刻的印象，故选C。
4. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者的建议是我们应该。根据第四段第一句“Enjoy every day even every moment and take from it everything that you possibly can, for you may never be able to experience it again.”可知作者希望人们能充分利用好每一天，故选B。
5. A【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章的最佳标题是哪一个？根据本文最后一句“Create your own life and then go out and live it.”及文章的主旨大意可知，作者是鼓励人们要制定自己的人生目标，创造自己的生活，故选A。
专项训练五 校园生活
时间：8～10分钟/篇 分值：2分/小题
Passage 1
Mahalya Daye is a student in Grade 8 at Lamberton Middle School in Pennsylvania, US. Every afternoon at 2 o'clock, she runs to a store at her school, she is not running to buy snacks. Instead, she works as the storekeeper and helps count change(零钱) for customers.
“I didn't know that it took so much work. I didn't do anything like this，” Mahalya told The Sentinel, a local newspaper.
In fact, she and another 11 students work as the storekeepers at Bison Bargains, the school's first student-run store. It started on February 22, and it opens each school day during break time from 2 to 2∶30 p．m. It mainly sells stationery and snacks.
Through this, students see what a business is like. Christian Ilg, a 14-year-old student, was really surprised by how hard it was to not make mistakes and do the transactions(交易). “It's kind of a challenge to learn all the information on the stock(供应物) lists and remember all the prices of the products，” Christian told the newspaper.
To help them learn about business, they took a class. The class taught students how to use money and some simple business rules.
The school did a survey on what products students would buy from a school store. In the future, they plan to sell things made by the students themselves. For example, students can sell their homemade pencil boxes and phone cases.
( )1. Mahalya runs to a store in her school to________． A. buy some snacks B. learn about customers C. work as the storekeeper D. learn about the information
( )2. What does the underlined word “stationery” mean in Chinese? A. 文具 B. 餐具 C. 道具 D. 家具
( )3. How long does Bison Bargains open each school day during break time?
A. 60 minutes. B. 50 minutes. C. 40 minutes. D. 30 minutes.
( )4. The purpose of having a student-run store is to ________． A. teach students to learn from mistakes B. help students see what a business is like C. sell more stationery and snacks to students D. start a class on how to use money in the store ( )5. What is this passage mainly about? A. The school's new program, a student-run store. B. The results of a survey on the student-run store. C. The reasons of opening a student-run store. D. The rules of the student-run store. Passage 2(2016丽水)
A team is a group of people with a common goal. A school's football team has two goals. One goal is to win. That is what the team wants to do. The other goal is to build character. Character is what a person values, how a person gets along with others. That is why schools have football teams. They want to help students build good values.
Each team member builds character. They learn to cooperate(合作). They learn to make good decisions. They work hard. They practice every day. They learn to follow the rules.
Each team member has a position(位置). Each position is part of winning. No one player has the ability to win the game for the team. Only if the team works together does a team win. People often say, “There_is_no_I_in_TEAM.”
Whether the team wins or loses, at the end of the game they congratulate the other team. That is called sportsmanship. While they fight to win during the game, it is just a game. They cannot be angry with the other team. If they are, they'll hear from their coach.
__▲__ makes sure the team reaches the school's goal. The coach cares about the whole team. The coach gives each player advice. When the team wins, everyone celebrates. And the coach is glad. But after the season is over, the coach is still happy. The coach gets to see the players as they go to school every day. The character they have built is part of their success in school, too.
Some coaches say that if you go into a classroom at their school you'll be able to tell the
players. It is not that they are bigger than the other students. It is the ones who are helping other students work. Teamwork is part of their lives.
( )1. Schools build football teams mainly to help students________． A. get good grades B. become leaders C. build good values D. improve football skills
( )2. What does the underlined sentence “There is no I in TEAM.” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. I never take part in the game. B. I am not a member of the team. C. A famous star is the key to success. D. Teamwork comes first during the game.
( )3. Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph 5? A. The captain B. The coach C. The headmaster D. The monitor
( )4. Some coaches think football players are different from others because they are ________．
A. taller B. bigger
C. more helpful D. more talented Passage 3(2016乐山)
When we say a person blows his own trumpet(小号), we mean he talks a lot about his own achievements(成就). That expression usually shows disapproval(不赞成). But recently at a top private girls' school in Britain, students were encouraged to blow their own trumpet.
Some excellent girls are under a great deal of pressure(压力) and find it difficult to accept their success. The purpose of the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week was to help these students. “Some teenagers will continue to push themselves and never realise that they've done enough，” said Ms. Hanbury, head of Wimbledon High School in London, “Without being able to accept when things have gone right, some girls might never be happy”．
The school wanted to help the girls build an ability to get better from setbacks quickly, so they wouldn't think it was the end of the world if they didn't do well in an exam. In the “Blow Your Own Trumpet” week, students were encouraged to talk about their experiences of success and failure. They were also asked to think carefully about their achievements in each subject