音标(4)
四、自然拼读——字母或字母组合与音标的对应关系(第5天)【ppt】
音标(5)
五、音节(第6天)
1、音节的构成:
【元音本身:a,air,are,ear,our】
【前辅音+元音: my,he,high,see,toe】 【元音+后辅音:am,it,art,egg,ice】
【前辅音+元音+后辅音:cat,bike,book,drug,juice】
【响亮辅音l,m,n,?和其他辅音搭配:??????,?????,??????,??????,?????】
2、音节的多少:
【单音节:a,my,am,cat,bridge】
【双音节:China,British,people,daughter,beauty】
【多音节:supermarket,conversation,television,internationality】
3、音节的划分:元音音素是构成音节的主体,辅音是音节的分界线。
【一个元音可构成一个音节:six,bed,room,old,face】 【两个元音相连算一个音节:cake,kite,point,hair,lion】 【两元夹一辅,辅音归后面:student,labour,camera,station】 【两辅相连,一归前一归后:winter,picture,mistake,】
4、音节的分类:
【开音节:以元音或不发音的e结尾的音节,如we,hi,fly,make,kite,nose等】 【闭音节:以辅音(r除外)结尾的音节,如leg,cut,cross,begin等】
5、音节的重读:
【重读:双/多音节词中标记“`”的音节,发音响亮,一般用降调】 【次重读:多音节词中标记“,”的音节,介于重读和轻读之间】 【轻读:没有任何标记的音节,无需重读】 ★单词重读的一般规则★
①单音节词均重读:beg,put
②双音节词一般第一个音节重读:doctor,better,apple,present
但如有前缀a-,be-,re-, dis-, mis-, de-等,则第二个音节重读:address,beside,report,mistake,decide 双音节的合成词,一般第一个音节重读:blackboard,homework,但也有两音节均重读或前一个音节次重读的:fourteen,unfair,upstairs,downstairs,untouched,outside,Chinese ③多音节词一般是倒数第三个音节重读:wonderful,immediately,interested
但双音节词加上前缀或后缀构成的多音节词,仍按原来的词根重音来读:con′ductor,′carefully,dis′cover,as′sistant
④-ic,-tion,-sion之前的音节要重读。
例:′topic,′question,ope′ration,compo′sition,de ′cision。
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【音节练习题】
(一)重音在第二个音节上的单词:
about agree across already among above address afraid again ago along alone another around away arrive Australia Australian America American because before below become became begin beginning behind beside between banana computer Canadian conductor decide develop dictation delicious December enjoyable example exam except excuse expensive eraser eleven enough forgetful forget goodbye herself himself hooray important
instruction invent invention inventor idea inside instead itself July Japan machine museum November o'clock October
prefer produce polite politely policeman potato perhaps receive result return remember report September surprise tomato tonight together Toronto toward tomorrow today themselves unusual until unhappy united without yourself yourselves (二)两个重读音节的单词:
OK fifteen fourteen thirteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen afternoon Chinese southeast southwest northeast northwest outside untrue upstairs downstairs loudspeaker headmaster skyscraper
(三)前有一个次重读音节,后又有一个重读音节的单词:
Japanese understand understood operation ourselves population education examination congratulations
(四)从四个选项中选出一个重音位置与其它三个不同的单词: ()1. A. over B. even C. musician D. quietly
()2. A. excuse B. enjoy C. report D. unfair
()3. A. headmaster B. shortcoming C. because D. already ()4. A. decide B. without C. exercise D. prepare ()5. A. against B. almost C. apologize D. correctly ()6. A. spirit B. seagull C. reply D. pyramid
()7. A. wherever B. throughout C. repeat D. hardly ()8. A. really B. happen C. frighten D. pronounce ()9. A. modern B. foreign C. receive D. famous ()10. A. regret B. except C. politics D. piano ()11. A. excuse B. explain C. enough D. problem ()12. A. fascination B. alone C. research D. asleep ()13. A. heaven B. dustman C. disappear D. medicine ()14. A. liberation B. musician C. education D. operation (五)在下列各组单词中找出含有两个重音的选项:
()1. A. yourself B. volleyball C. untouched D. Tuesday ()2. A. topic B. outside C. telegraph D. silent
()3. A. restaurant B. November C. museum D. nineteen ()4. A. Chinese B. mixture C. horrible D. animal
()5. A. handwriting B. headmaster C. boyhood D. assistant
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