There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the so
rt of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be de
monstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level. 1.This selection can best be titled_________. a.Measuring Your Intelligence b.Intelligence and Environment c.The Case of Peter and Mark d.How the brain Influences Intelligence 2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____. a.human brains differ considerably b.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligence c.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligence d. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence 3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____. a.85 b.100 c.110 d.125 4.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______. a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same level b.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviroment c.lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence d.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain 5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______. a.can be predicted at birth b.stays the same throuthout his life c.can be increased by education d.is determined by his childhood 答案：bcbcc 九 As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was t
o choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume Besides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :peopl
e trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you. Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties w
ere on display. \They are real silk,\ the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. \th double the price.\But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father. She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of
man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him. When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, h
er parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, \father has at last to decided to stop smoking.\informed her daughter. 1.Edith's father _______. a.did not like present b.never got present c.preferred ties d.was difficult to choose a present for 2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______. a.attractive b.interested in ties c.tired d.in need of comfort 3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________. a.purosely b.suddenly c.unwillingly d.accidentally 4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______. a.when he was obliged b.on social occasions c.from time to time d.when he was delighted 5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______. a.coustomers trod on each other's toes b.coustomers poked each other with their elbows c.customers knocked each other d.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry 答案：dbdcd 十一 What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must
be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes
most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue. Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an establ
ished fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey. 1.\would rather follow than red\ a.you don't like to follow others