These valleys contain gold mines. 这些山谷中有金矿。
To keep fit, we should always avoid food containing too much fat. 为了保持健康, 我们应该避免含有太多脂肪的食物。
2）include: have sth. ／sb. as a part of a whole, 表示“包括”。侧重包含者只是整体中的一部分。如:
The list includes my name. 名单上有我的名字。
注意: 常用include的现在分词或过去分词来作解释说明, 意为“其中包括”。如: The atlas contains forty maps, including three of Great Britain. 这本地图册包括四十幅地图, 其中有三幅英国地图。 At least twenty people were killed, two children included. 至少有20人遇难, 其中有两名儿童。 The price includes the postage charges. 这个价格包括邮费。
cause sb. sth. /cause sb. to do sth.
My pet dog has caused me a lot of trouble. 我的宠物狗给我带来了许多麻烦。 What caused him to fall off his horse? 什么使他从马上掉下来了? 4. But I seldom go to the gym! 但是我很少去体育馆。 seldom“很少, 不经常”，表否定。除seldom之外, 表否定意义的词还有no，never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, little, few等。
这类词有两个特点。
1）它们放于句首时, 用倒装。 Little does he know about Rio. 他不大了解Rio.
In no time is the exam coming. 很快考试到了。
Hardly had he got home when he heard the telephone rang. 他一进家就听到电话铃响。
2）主句有否定词, 反意疑问句用肯定式。如: He knows little about Rio, does he? 5. I’m now in hospital recovering from liver failure. 我正在住院，接受肝脏功能衰退恢复治疗。
用作及物动词和不及物动词。
1）重新获得, 重新找到。如:
He recovered his lost pen. 他找回了遗失的钢笔。 2）恢复, 使 (身体) 复原。如: recover one’s sight恢复视力
sit down to recover one’s breath坐下来喘口气
The patient has perfectly recovered from his illness. 病人已完全好了。 作不及物动词时也有痊愈、复原之意。如:
recover from the effects of the natural disasters 从自然灾害影响中恢复 I’m now in hospital recovering from the disease. 我正在医院康复。 ［链接］ 恢复; 痊愈 可重获的, 可恢复
6. My mother is right: don’t damage your health for a slim and attractive figure. 妈妈是对的: 不要因追求苗条而魅力十足的身材去损害你的健康。 1）n. ［U］ 损害, 毁坏。如:
The storm did／caused great damage to the crops. 暴风雨对农作物造成了极大的伤害。 2）vt. 损害, 毁坏。如:
Tell the children not to damage the fruit trees. 告诉那些孩子不要破坏这些果树。 辨析: damage和destroy
1）相同点: 两者都可用作及动物动词。 2）不同点: damage可作不可数名词, 而destroy不能用作名词, 其名词形式为destruction。 在破坏的程度上, damage要小于destroy, damage可以指不同程度的损害、毁坏, 而destroy则一般指毁灭性的破坏。体会下列句子的差别:
The strong sandstorm damaged most of the young trees. 那场强烈的沙尘暴损坏了大部分小树。
The hurricane destroyed the whole village. 飓风把整个村子都毁坏了。 7. Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet, haven’t they? 每个人都建议你不要节食, 是不是? 1）表建议或要求的内容的从句中用should加动词原形, should可省, 这类词除advise外, 还有suggest, propose, ask, order, demand, require, insist。如:
I advise that she (should) go there tomorrow. 我建议她应该明天去那儿。
2）advise doing sth. 或advise sb. to do sth. , 类似advise用法的还有allow, permit, forbid等词。如:
His father isn’t allowed to smoke. 他父亲被要求不能吸烟。 His father allowed smoking. 他父亲允许吸烟。 ［链接］ 忠告, 建议 advisable可劝告的; 可取的; 适当的; 明智的 8. I’m amazed that in China someone’s liver matched yours! 在中国有人的肝脏与你的相符合, 我真惊讶。
用作及物动词和不及物动词。
1)与……相配。如:
The curtains and the carpet match perfectly. 窗帘与地毯十分谐调。 To our surprise, his DNA should match that of Mr. Smith. 令我们惊讶的是, 他的DNA竟然和史密斯先生的相同。 2)与……较量, 匹敌。如: Who can match him in English? 在英语方面谁能是他的对手?
9. Now he is considering taking some pills, which he thinks will make him become stronger. 他正在考虑服药，他觉得这样能使他更健壮。 （1）考虑
consider doing sth. (不可用to do) 如:
She was considering looking for a new job. 她正在考虑寻找一份新的工作。 （2）认为
consider sb. to have done sth.／to be+adj./n. (to be可省)／as+n.
Everyone looked down upon him because he was considered to have stolen Mary’s watch.
每个人都瞧不起他, 因为大家都认为他偷了Mary的手表。 ［链接］ 考虑, 照顾 考虑周到的, 体贴的
值得考虑的, 值得重视的
10. However, they have side effects, which will damage your health. 可是，它们有副作用，会损害你健康的。 1)n. 效果, 作用, 影响。如:
The sound effects of this radio is better. 这种收音机的音响效果更好。
His invention will have a great pushing effect on production. 他的发明将对生产起巨大的推动作用。 2)vt. 产生, 招致, 实现。如:
The heavy rain effected the change in temperature. 这场大雨引起了温度的变化。
3)have effects／an effect on 对……有影响
What effects do you think the changes in temperature will have on crops? 你认为温度的变化会对庄稼有什么影响? ［链接］ 有效的。如:
They have taken effective measures to stop pollution. 他们已经采取了有效措施防止污染。
影响, 打动。如:
She was deeply affected by the news of his death. 他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。
11. This is really a touching story—a stranger who donated part of his liver to a girl he doesn’t even know!
这真是个感人的故事——一个人把自己的部分肝脏捐给了甚至连他都不认识的女孩。 The son and his parents are parting at the station with tears in their eyes. What a touching scene!
儿子和父母在车站分别，泪盈满眶。多么感人的一幕啊！
1)touch被称为使动词, 使动词有两组形容词, 类似的还有 excite, move, disappoint, interest, amaze, surprise
2)touching，exciting，moving，disappointing, interesting, amazing, surprising (arouse the feeling)
3)touched，excited，moved，disappointed, interested, amazed, surprised (be made to feel. . . )
The excited children were opening their Christmas presents. (excite) She was deeply moved when she watched the moving film. (move)
→Step 3 Teaching and learning design of some new words and expressions 1. Translate the following phrases into English. 1)进行锻炼______________________ 2)收到某人来信______________________ 3)减肥______________________
4)因什么而害羞______________________ 5)后悔做某事______________________ 6)从……之中恢复______________________ 7)听从某人的建议______________________ 8)节食______________________
9)给某人做手术______________________
10)导致我的肾脏衰竭______________________ Suggested answers:
1)work out 2)hear from somebody 3)lose weight 4)be ashamed about 5)regret doing something 6)recover from something 7)follow one’s advice 8)go on a diet 9)do an operation on something 10)cause my liver to fail
2. Translate the following phrases into Chinese.
1)donate something to somebody______________________ 2）damage your health______________________ 3）come across______________________
4）an exact match for______________________ Suggested answers:
1)给某人捐赠某物 2)损害你的健康 3)偶然碰到 4)与某人完全匹配的东西
3. Translate the following sentences into English by using the words learnt in the reading. 1）这个讲座包括许多有趣的思想。(contain)
____________________________________________ 2）他做的事情损害了两国的关系。(damage)
____________________________________________ 3）这一事故把汽车损害得很严重。(damage)
____________________________________________ 4）她还没完全从震惊中恢复过来。(recover)
____________________________________________ 5）从那些无法自给的人那里拿钱是十分可耻的。 ____________________________________________ Suggested answers:
1）The speech contained some interesting ideas.
2）What he did damaged the relationship between the two countries. 3）The accident did a lot of damage to the car.
4）She hasn’t completely recovered from the shock.
5）It is a shame to take money from those who can’t afford. 4. Complete the following sentences according to the Chinese. 1)输了比赛, 他羞于见自己的朋友。
He_____________ ______________ _____________ ____________ his friends as he had lost the game.
2)为了让别人听见, 我不得不大声讲。
I had to speak louder to_____________________ . 3)在中国文学的知识方面没有人能和他匹配。
_____________can_____________ him____________ _____________ ______________ Chinese literature.
4)《哈里波特》很受中国年轻人的喜爱。
_____________ the Chinese young people.
5)15个人死于车祸, 其中包括6名儿童。
Fifteen people died from the accident,_____________ six children. Fifteen people died from the accident, six children_____________ .
Suggested answers:
1)was ashamed to see 2)make myself heard 3)Nobody, match, in knowledge of 4)was popular among 5)including, included →Step 4 Homework
1. Read the three emails again, and prepare for retelling the story in the next class.
2. Choose at least ten new words or phrases from the text to make sentences or write a short passage with all of them in it.
3. Preview Word power.
4. Do Parts A1 and A2 on page 86 in Workbook.
板书设计
Problems and Brainstorming Reading strategy Amy’s emotions solutions