µÚ¶þ½Ú Gibberellic acid (GA) Ò»¡¢Discover of GA Ë®µ¾¶ñÃ粡¡£
¶þ¡¢Structure of GA
GAµÄ»ù±¾½á¹¹ÊdzàùÍé(gibberellane), ËüÊÇÒ»ÖÖË«ÝÆ¡£C19-GAÉúÀí»îÐÔ¸ßÓÚC20GA¡£
ËÄ¡¢Biosynthesis of GA¡ª¡ª¼×ÍßÁúËá(¼×ôÇÎìËámevalonic acid)¡£ Îå¡¢Physiological role and application of GA
1¡¢´Ù½ø¾¥µÄÉ쳤ºÍϸ°û·ÖÁÑ GA×îÏÔÖøµÄÌØµãÊÇ´Ù½øÈ«Ö곤¸ß£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÄÜʹ°«ÉúÍ»±äÐÍ»òÉúÀí°«ÉúÖ²ÖêµÄ¾¥É쳤¡£
GAÖ÷ÒªËõ¶Ìϸ°û·ÖÁѼäÆÚ,´Ù½øDNA¸´ÖÆ¡£
»úÀí£º1)GAµÄ´æÔÚ¶ø´Ù½øIAAºÏ³ÉˮƽµÄÌá¸ß£¨ºÏ³ÉÔö¼Ó£¬Ñõ»¯¼õÉÙ£¬Êø¸¿Ë®½â£©¡£2)Ôö¼Ó°û±Ú¿ÉËÜÐÔ¡£
Á¬ÍíÌáǰ³éË룬ÔÓ½»ÖÆÖÖ¡£ 2¡¢´òÆÆÐÝÃߣ¬´Ù½øÖÖ×ÓÃÈ·¢
»úÀí£ºÓÕµ¼ÖÖ×Óºý·Û²ãÖЦÁ-µí·ÛøµÄºÏ³É¡£ Ó¦ÓãºÆ¡¾ÆÉú²ú¹¤ÒµÉϵÄÌÇ»¯¡£
3¡¢´Ù½ø³é̦ºÍ¿ª»¨ ¡ª¡ª´úÌæµÍκͳ¤ÈÕÕÕµÄ×÷Óà 4¡¢´Ù½ø×ù¹ûºÍµ¥ÐÔ½áʵ¡ª¡ªÎÞºËÆÏÌÑ¡£ 5¡¢¿ØÖÆÐÔ±ð±íÏÖ¡ª¡ª´Ù½øÐÛ»¨µÄÐγɡ£
Section3 Cytokinin£¨CTK£© Ò»¡¢Discover of CTK ÏÙàÑßÊÑÜÉúÎï¡£
¶þ¡¢Transportation and Biosynthesis
1. Transportation of CTK ¡ª¡ªÊ©ÓÚҶƬ»ò²àÑ¿ÉÏËäÈ»²»ÄÜÒÆ¶¯, µ«Èç×¢ÈëҶƬÖ÷Âö²¿Î»¡£
2. Biosynthesis of CTK¡ª¡ª¸ù¼â1mmÄÚ¡£ ÒìÎìÏ©+AMP¡ª¡ªIPT
Èý¡¢Physiological role and application of CTK 1¡¢´Ù½øÏ¸°û·ÖÁѼ°ÆäºáÏòÔö´Ö¡£ »úÀí£ºA¡¢´Ù½øºËËá¡¢µ°°×Öʺϳɡ£ B¡¢CTK¸Ä±ämRNAÐγɵÄÀàÐÍ¡£
2¡¢ÓÕµ¼Æ÷¹Ù·Ö»¯¡£×éÖ¯ÅàÑø¡ª¡ªCTK/IAA±ÈÖµ¸ßʱ,ÓúÉË×éÖ¯¿É·Ö»¯³ÉÑ¿¡£ÈçCTK/IAAµÍʱ, ÔòÐγɸù¡£
3¡¢½â³ý¶¥¶ËÓÅÊÆ, ´Ù½ø²àÑ¿Éú³¤¡£ 4¡¢ÑÓ³ÙҶƬ˥ÀÏ¡£±£ÏÊ
ϸ°û·ÖÁÑËØÑÓ»ºÒ¶Æ¬Ë¥ÀÏ»¹ÓëÆä´Ù½øRNAºÍµ°°×Öʺϳɣ¬Î¬»¤ÉúÎïĤ¹¦ÄÜ¡¢·ÀÖ¹Ò¶ÂÌËØÆÆ»µ¡¢´Ù½øÆø¿×¿ª·Å¡¢Çå³ý×ÔÓÉ»ùµÈ¹ý³ÌÓйء£
Section 4 Abscisic acid Ò»¡¢Discover of ABA ±¶°ëÝÆÀà¡£
¶þ¡¢Biosynthesis of abscisic acid
1¡¢ ÀàÝÆÍ¾¾¶(terpenoid pathway)¡£
2¡¢ ÀàºúÂܲ·ËØÍ¾¾¶(Carotenoid pathway)¡£ ËÄ¡¢Physiological role and application of ABA 1¡¢ABAÓÕµ¼Æø¿×¹Ø±Õ¡£¿¹ÕôÌÚ¼Á¡£
2¡¢ABAÓÕµ¼Ñ¿ÐÝÃߣ¬ÒÖÖÆÖÖ×ÓÃÈ·¢¡£¿¹GA 3¡¢´Ù½øÆ÷¹ÙÍÑÂä¡£
4¡¢ÒÖÖÆÉú³¤ºÍ¼ÓËÙË¥ÀÏ¡£¿¹CTK¡£
5¡¢ABAÄÜÌá¸ßÖ²Îï¿¹ÄæÐÔ¡£¡ª¡ªÉøÍ¸ËØ(Osmotin protein)¡£
Section 5 Ethylene£¨Eth£© Ò»¡¢Biosynthesis of Eth 2. biosynthetic pathway
Met¡ª¡ªSAM¡ª¡ªACC¡ª¡ªÒÒÏ©¡£
Èý¡¢Physiological role and application of Eth
(Ò») ¡°ÈýÖØ·´Ó¦¡±¡£ (¶þ) ¹ûʵ´ßÊì¡£ (Èý) ÓÕµ¼ÍÑÂä¡£
(ËÄ) ´Ù½øÐÔ±ð·Ö»¯¼°¿ª»¨ (Îå) ´Ù½ø´ÎÉúÎïÖÊÅųö
Section 6 General principle and reaction between hormones
Ò»¡¢General principle of plant hormone reaction PLC¡ª¡ªCa2+ºÍCaM¡ª¡ªÃ¸»î»¯¡ª¡ª´úлµ÷½Ú¡£
¼¤ËØÊÜÌ塪¡ªÏ¸°ûºË¡ª¡ª»ùÒò»î»¯¡ª¡ªµ°°×ÖÊ·Ö×Ó¡£
¶þ¡¢Reaction between plant hormones
Section 6 Other plant growth regulators£¨¼ò½é£© Ò»¡¢Brassinolide£¨BR£©¡ª¡ªÓͲˣ¨Brassica napus)»¨·Û¡£ 1¡¢ 2¡¢ 3¡¢
´Ù½øÉ쳤£¬ÑÓ»ºÒ¶Æ¬Ë¥ÀÏ¡£ ´Ù½ø×÷ÎïÉú³¤, Ìá¸ß²úÁ¿¡£ Ìá¸ß×÷ÎïµÄ¿¹ÄæÐÔ¡£
¶þ¡¢Polyamines(Pas) ´Ù½øÖ²ÎïÉú³¤¡£ÑÓ³ÙÖ²ÎïË¥ÀÏ¡£ Èý¡¢Jasmonic acid (JA) ÒÖÖÆÉú³¤£¬´Ù½øË¥ÀÏ
ËÄ¡¢Salicylic acid(SA) Ö²Îï²úÉú¿¹²¡ÐÔµÄÐźÅÎïÖÊ¡£
Section 7 Plant growth regulators
Ò»¡¢Plant growth promotors
ßÅßáÑÜÉúÎï¡¢ÝÁµÄÑÜÉúÎïºÍÂÈ´ú±½µÄÑÜÉúÎï¡£ ϸ°û·ÖÁÑËØÀà¡£
¶þ¡¢Plant growth inhibitors
Ö²ÎïÉú³¤ÒÖÖÆ¼ÁÊÇÒ»À࿹IAASÎïÖÊ£¬×÷Óò»Äܱ»GA»Ö¸´¡£ (Ò») TIBA¡ª¡ª´ó¶¹Ê¹Ö²Öê°«»¯¡£ (¶þ) ÕûÐÎËØ¡ª¡ªÖÆ×÷Åè¾°¡£ Èý¡¢Plant growth retardants
Ö²ÎïÉú³¤ÑÓ»º¼ÁÊÇÒ»À࿹GAÀàÎïÖÊ£¬ÊÇGAÉúÎïºÏ³ÉµÄÒÖÖÆ¼Á¡£Æä×÷Óò¿Î»ÎªÑǶ¥¶Ë·ÖÉú×éÖ¯£¬ÆäЧ¹û²»Äܱ»IAAËù»Ö¸´¡£ (Ò») B9¡ª¡ª¹ûÊ÷¡£
(¶þ) °«×³ËØ¡ª¡ª¿¹µ¹·ü¡£ (Èý) Pix¡ª¡ª¿¹µ¹·ü¡£
(ËÄ) PP333¡ª¡ª·ÀÖ¹Á¬ÍíÑíÃçͽ³¤¡£ ËÄ¡¢Ó¦ÓÃÉú³¤µ÷½Ú¼ÁӦעÒâµÄÎÊÌâ
Chapter7 Plant Growth physiology
Éú³¤ ·Ö»¯ ·¢Óý Éú³¤´óÖÜÆÚ Éú³¤Ðµ÷ÎÂ¶È Ï¸°ûÈ«ÄÜÐÔ ÍÑ·Ö»¯ ÔÙ·Ö»¯ ÔÙÉú×÷Óà ÍâÖ²Ìå Éú³¤×îÊÊÎÂ¶È ÎÂÖÜÆÚÏÖÏó »Æ»¯ÏÖÏó ¸ù¹Ú±È * ÉúÎïÖÓ *¹âÊÜÌå *ϸ°û¹Ç¼Ü
Section 1 The concept of growth and development
Ò»¡¢ Growth and differentiation ·Ö»¯¿É±íÏÖΪ²»Í¬µÄˮƽ¡£
Æ÷¹Ùˮƽ ×é֯ˮƽ ϸ°ûˮƽ ·Ö×Óˮƽ ¶þ¡¢Development
Section 2 Plant cell development
Ò»¡¢Cell mitotic stage(ϸ°û·ÖÁÑ£¨·ÖÉú£©ÆÚ)
(Ò») Cell cycle ·ÖÉúϸ°ûÌØµã£¬Ï¸°ûÖÜÆÚµÄÖØÒªÎïÖʱ仯¡£ (¶þ) Cytoskeleton (ϸ°û¹Ç¼Ü)
΢˿(microfilament,MF)¡¢Î¢¹Ü(microtubule,MT)ºÍÖмäÏËάϵͳ(Intermediate filament,IF)×é³ÉºÍÖ÷Òª¹¦ÄÜ¡£ ¶þ¡¢Cell elongation (enlarging) stage¡ª¡ªÌصã
Èý¡¢Cell differentiation stage¡ª¡ªÓ°Ïì·Ö»¯µÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ¡£
Polarity£¬¼«ÐÔÒªÇóÈËÃÇÔÚÉú²úÖнøÐÐǤ²åʱ²»¿Éµ¹²å¡£ Èý¡¢Tissue culture
×éÖ¯ÅàÑø(tissue culture)¡ª¡ªÀíÂÛÒÀ¾ÝÊÇÖ²Îïϸ°ûµÄÈ«ÄÜÐÔ(totipotency) ÅàÑø»ùÎåÀàÎïÖÊ×é³É¡£
Section 3 Organ growth and differentiation
Ò»¡¢Apical growth and differentiation£º
¾¥¼â¡ª¡ª¾¥¡¢Ò¶¡¢·ÖÖ¦¡¢»¨¡¢´ÎÉú¸ù¡£
¸ù¼â¡ª¡ªÖ»ÓÐϸ°û·Ö»¯£¬ÎÞ²àÉúÆ÷¹Ù·Ö»¯¡£ ¶þ¡¢ Secondary growth and differentiation£º
²àÉú·ÖÉú×éÖ¯¡ª¡ªÊ÷ľÐγɲ㣬¾¥±ä´ÖºÍ²àÑ¿·¢Éú¡£
¾Ó¼ä·ÖÉú×éÖ¯£º¼äÉú·ÖÉú×éÖ¯¡ª¡ªºÌ¹ÈÀà½Ú¼äϲ¿£¨²¦½Ú¡¢³éËë¡¢ ÖñËñ³¤¸ß£©¡£
»ùÉú·ÖÉú×éÖ¯¡ª¡ªºÌ¹ÈÀàҶƬÉ쳤£¬´Ð¡¢¾Â²ËµÈ Ò¶É쳤¡£ Èý£®Regeneration and differentiation
²åÌõÉú¸ù¡¢¼Þ½Ó¡¢ÉË¿ÚÓúºÏµÈ¡£
Section 4 plant growth
Ò»¡¢Seed germination
(Ò»)Environment affecting seed germination 1¡¢WaterµÄ×÷Óᣠ²»Í¬³É·ÖÖÖ×ÓÎüË®²î±ð¡£
2¡¢Temperature ·¢Ñ¿×îÊÊζȣ¬±äαȺãθüÓÐÀûÓÚÖÖ×ÓÃÈ·¢¡£ 3¡¢O2 ²»Í¬ÀàÐÍÖÖ×ÓÒªÇó²»Í¬£¬ÎªÊ²Ã´£¿¡£
4¡¢Light¡£ÓÐЩֲÎïµÄÖÖ×ÓÈçÝ«ÜÄ£¬ÃÈ·¢»¹ÐèÒª¹â£¬ºì¹â£¨660nm£©´Ù½øÃÈ·¢£¬Ô¶ºì¹â(730nm)¿É½â³ýºì¹âµÄ´Ù½øÐ§Ó¦¡£
(¶þ)Physiology and biochemistry of seed germination
1¡¢ÖÖ×ÓÎüË®¹ý³Ì±íÏÖ¿ìÂý¿ì¡£ ÔõôÑùÇø·Ö»îµÄ»òËÀ£¨ÐÝÃߣ©µÄÖÖ×Ó¡£ 2¡¢ºôÎü×÷ÓÿìÂý¿ìÂý,ÃÈ·¢³õÆÚRQ>1£¿¡£ 3¡¢ºËËá±ä»¯¡£
4¡¢ Öü²ØÓлúÎïµÄת±ä¡£ 5¡¢¼¤Ëصı仯¡£
¶þ¡¢Grand period of growth
Éú³¤±íÏÖ³ö ¡°ÂýÒ»¿ìÒ»Âý¡±µÄ»ù±¾¹æÂÉ£¬×ÜÌå±íÏÖΪSÐÍÇúÏߣ¬ÎªÊ²Ã´£¿ Éú²úµÄ´Ù½ø»ò¿ØÖÆ´ëÊ©,Ó¦ÔÚÉú³¤¼Ó¿ì֮ǰ¡£
Environmental factors influencing growth
1. Light »Æ»¯¡ª¡ª¹âÐÎ̬½¨³É¡£ÔÚ²¥ÖÖÃܶÈÉÏ£¬Òª·ÀÖ¹¹ýÃÜ¡£ UV¡ª¡ª¸ßɽֲÎïÉú³¤°«Ð¡ 2. Temperature.
Éú³¤µÄ×îÊÊζȺÍе÷×îÊÊεIJî±ð¡£
Ö²ÎïÉú³¤µÄÎÂÖÜÆÚÏÖÏó(thermoperiodicity of growth)¡£ 4. O2 in the soil¡ª¡ªÉú²úÉÏÖиûËÉÍÁ¡£
5.Mineral nutrition¡¢È±·¦Éú³¤²»Á¼£¬¹ý¶àÒýÆðÖж¾¡£ Èý¡¢Growth periodicity (Ò») Daily periodicity
Ö²ÎïÉú³¤ËÙÂÊ,Ò»°ãÊǰ×Ìì´óÓÚÍíÉÏ¡£ (¶þ) Seasonal periodicity
1¡¢Seasonal periodicity of bud¡ª¡ªÇïÌì¶ÌÈÕÕÕ¡ª¡ªABA¡£ 2¡¢Seasonal periodicity of root¡£¡ª¡ª¡°Ç¿ÆÈÐÝÃß¡±¡£
Èý¡¢Seed dormancy
(Ò») Reason and breaking of seed dormancy ËÄ¡¢Plant growth correlation £¨Ò»£©¡¢Correlation between shoot and root
1¡¢Exchange of substance and signal between shoot and root 2¡¢Root-shoot ratio ¼°µ÷½Ú¡£ £¨1£©H2O ¡ª¡ª¡°¶×Ã硱¡¢¡°¿½Ì¡£ £¨2£©mineral nutrition¡ª¡ªPK·Ê¡£ £¨3£©¡¢Light
(¶þ)Correlation between main stem and branch¡ª¡ªApical dominance ±£»¤ºÍÈ¥³ý¡£
(Èý)Correlation between vegetation and regeneration¡ª¡ªÈçºÎе÷¡£
Section 4 Movement in plant
Ò»¡¢Tropic movement (Ò») Phototropism (¶þ)Gravitropism (Èý)Chemotropism ¶þ¡¢Nastic movement (Ò»)¸ÐÒ¹Ô˶¯
(¶þ)¸ÐÕðÐÔÔ˶¯¡ª¡ªÐ߲ݡ£ Èý¡¢Circadian rhythm
ÎïÌåÄÚ²¿µÄ²âʱϵͳ¿ØÖÆ¡£
Section 5 Photoreceptor
Ò»¡¢¹âÊÜÌå
(Ò»)¹âÃôËØ ¾ßÓкì¹â£¨660£©ºÍÔ˺ì¹â£¨730£©µÄÄæ×ªÐ§Ó¦¡£
(¶þ)Òþ»¨É«ËØ ÓÖÃûÀ¶¹âÊÜÌå(blue light receptor UV¡ª¡ªAÊÜÌå)£¬ ¡ª¡ª»ÆËØÀà»òºúÂܲ·ËØ¡ª¡ª»ÆËص°°×(flavoprotein)¡ª¡ªÒ¶ÂÌÌåÔ˶¯µÈ¡£ £¨Èý£©UV¡ª¡ªBÊÜÌ塪¡ª»ùÒòµÄ±í´ïÓе÷¿Ø×÷Óá£
Chapter 8 Floral and reproductive physiology in plant
Ó×ÄêÆÚ ´º»¯×÷Óà ÍÑ´º»¯ ¹âÖÜÆÚÏÖÏó ¹âÖÜÆÚÓÕµ¼ ÈÕÖÐÐÔÖ²Îï ³¤ÈÕÖ²Îï ¶ÌÈÕÖ²Îï ÁÙ½çÈÕ³¤ ÁÙ½çÒ¹³¤ ¹âÃôËØ ¶ÌÒ¹Ö²Îï ³¤Ò¹Ö²Îï ʶ±ð·´Ó¦ ¼¯ÌåЧӦ