节日篇
春节 the Spring Festival / Chinese lunar Near Year
农历正月初一 the first day of the first lunar month 农历 lunar calendar
年终大扫除 year-end household cleaning 春联 Spring Festival couplets 年画 New Year pictures 剪纸 paper-cuts
团圆饭 family reunion dinner 饺子 jiaozi
春晚 Spring Festival Gala
守岁 stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 除夕 Eve of Chinese New Year
辞旧迎新 ring out the old year and ring in the new 拜年 pay a New Year visit 红包 red packets 压岁钱 lucky money
放爆竹 let off firecrackers 庙会 temple fair 禁忌 taboo
元宵节 Lantern Festival
农历正月十五 15th day of the first lunar month 元宵 rice dumplings 花灯 festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 烟花 fireworks
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival
农历五月初五 5th of the fifth lunar month 粽子 zongzi 糯米 sticky rice
粽叶 bamboo leaves 舞龙 dragon dance 舞狮 lion dance 踩高跷 stilt walking
赛龙舟 dragon-boat racing 纪念 in memory of 屈原 Quyuan 诗人 poet
忠臣 loyal minister
清明节 Tomb-sweeping Day
寒食节 Cold Food Festival
祭拜祖先 offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors
扫墓 sweep graves of one’s ancestors or loved ones 踏青 go for a spring outing
中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day / Moon Festival
农历八月十五 15 th of the eighth lunar month
月饼 moon cake
赏月 appreciate the glorious full moon 中国神话故事 Chinese mythology 嫦娥 Chang’e 后羿 Hou Yi
长生不老 be immortal 重阳节 Double Ninth Day
赏菊 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 登高 climb a height
七夕节 Double Seventh Day
/Chinese Valentine's Day 银河 the Milky Way 鹊桥 bridge of magpies 牛郎 Cowherd
织女 the Weaving Maid
王母娘娘 the Queen of Heaven 乞巧 praying-for-cleverness 女红 needlework
中国文化
Part 1 中国文化
四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder 印刷术 printing
造纸术 paper-making 指南针 the compass
文房四宝” Four Treasures of the Study 笔 writing brush 墨 ink stick 纸 paper 砚 ink slab
书法 calligraphy
中国画 traditional Chinese painting 水墨画 Chinese brush painting 雕刻 sculpture 泥人 clay figure 武术 martial arts 京剧 Peking opera 昆曲 Kunqu opera 相声 cross talk
中药 traditional Chinese medicine 中国结 Chinese knot 唐装 Tang suit
四合院 courtyard house 红茶 black tea 绿茶 green tea 功夫茶 Gongfu tea
火锅 hot pot Part 2 中国文学
四大名著 four major classical novels
《三国演义》 The Romance of Three Kingdoms 《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions 《水浒传》 Outlaw of the Marshes 《西游记》 Journey to the West 四书 The Four Books
《大学》 The Great Learning
《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》 Analects of Confucius 《孟子》 The Mencius 五经 The Five Classics
《诗经》The Book of Songs 《书经》 The Book of History 《易经》 The Book of Changes 《礼记》 the Book of Rites
《春秋》 The Spring and Autumn Annals Part 3 中国古代哲学家及相关表达 哲学家 philosopher 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu 孙子 Sun Tzu 庄子 Chuang Tzu
儒学 Confucian School 孔庙 Temple of Confucius 《孙子兵法》 The Art of War Part 4 中国历史 及 相关表达 封建的 feudal 朝代 dynasty
春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period 战国时期 the Warring States Period 隋唐时期 the Sui and Tang dynasties 明清时期 Ming and Qing dynasties 秦始皇 the First Emperor of Qin 君主 monarch 皇帝 emperor
皇太后 Empress Dowager 丞相 prime minister 大臣 minister
忠臣 loyal minister
中华文明 Chinese civilization 丝绸之路 the Silk Road 西域 western countries 历史遗迹 historical site 文化遗产 cultural heritage 文物 cultural relics
科举制 imperial examination for recruiting civil servants
中国社会
改革开放 reform and opening up 小康社会 a well-to-do society
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life 人民生活 people’s livelihood 生活水平 living standards 生活质量 quality of life
改善民生 improve people’s wellbeing 住房条件 housing conditions 生活条件 living conditions 共同富裕 shared prosperity 社会稳定 social stability
衣食住行 food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling 厉行节约 practice economy
缩小收入差距 narrow the income gap 人均收入 average income per capita 文化程度 educational level 城镇居民 urban citizen
失业保障 unemployment security 人口问题 the issue of population 全面发展 all-round development 发达国家 developed country 发展中国家 developing country 人口老龄化 population aging 养老 provision for the aged 养老保险 old-age insurance 社会保险 social insurance 计划生育 family planning
独生子女政策 one-child policy 城市人口 urban population 农业人口 agriculture population 普查 census
社会事业 social programs 人才市场 talent market 人才交流 talent exchange 人才外流 brain drain
应届高校毕业生 new college graduate 农民工 rural migrant worker 公务员 civil servant 市民 citizen 名人 celebrity
残疾人 the disabled
就业率 employment rate 失业率 unemployment rate 出生率 birth rate
死亡率 mortality rate 寿命 life span
贫困地区 poverty-stricken region 欠发达地区 underdeveloped area 摆脱贫困 shake off poverty 生活困难 be badly-off
用电量 electricity consumption 森林覆盖率 forest coverage 产业结构 industrial structure 创历史新高 an all-time high
战略性新兴产业 strategic emerging industries 基础设施 infrastructure
南水北调 South-to-North Water Diversion Project 自然灾害 natural disasters 本土化 localization 体力劳动 manual labor
可持续发展 sustainable development 沙尘暴 sandstorm
建筑灰尘 construction dust
市政府 the municipal government 违章建筑 unlicensed construction
严厉地处罚 impose tough punishments on 主要污染源 major sources of pollutants 建筑灰尘 construction dust 炫富 show off wealth 热词 hot word/ buzzword 品位 taste
大众传媒 mass media
中国经济
国民生产总值 Gross National Product (GNP) 国内生产总值 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy 市场经济秩序 the order of the market economy 扩大内需 expand domestic demand 宏观调控 macro control
按劳分配 distribution according to one’s performance 城乡居民收入 income of urban and rural residents 劳动力 labor
综合国力 overall national strength 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership 私营企业 private business
中小企业 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 跨国公司 multinational corporation 网络经济 Internet-based economy 经济规律 law of economy