七 常用的系统状态查询命令：
# lsdev –C –s scsi
列出各个SCSI设备的所有相关信息：如逻辑单元号，硬件地址及设备文件名等。 # ps -ef
列出正在运行的所有进程的各种信息：如进程号及进程名等。 # netstat -rn
列出网卡状态及路由信息等。 # netstat -in
列出网卡状态及网络配置信息。 # df -k
列出已加载的逻辑卷及其大小信息。 # mount
列出已加载的逻辑卷及其加载位置。 # uname -a
列出系统ID 号，系统名称，OS版本等信息。 # hostname 列出系统网络名称。 # lsvg –l rootvg,lsvg –p rootvg
显示逻辑卷组信息，如包含哪些物理盘及逻辑卷等。 # lslv –l datalv,lslv –p datalv
显示逻辑卷各种信息，如包含哪些盘，是否有镜像等。
八 网络故障定位方法
网络不通的诊断过程： ifconfig 查看网卡是否启动 (up) netstat –i 查看网卡状态
Ierrs/Ipkts 和 Oerrs/Opkts是否>1%
ping自己网卡地址 (ip 地址)
ping其它机器地址，如不通，在其机器上用diag检测网卡是否有问题。 在同一网中， subnetmask 应一致。 网络配置的基本方法：
(1) 如需修改网络地址、主机名等，一定要用 chdev 命令 # chdev –l inet0 –a hostname=myhost
# chdev -l en0 -a netaddr=9.3.240.58 -a netmask=255.255.255.0’ (2) 查看网卡状态：# lsdev –Cc if (3) 确认网络地址：# ifconfig en0 (4) 启动网卡：# ifconfig en0 up (5) 配置路由
有两种方式加入路由： 永久路由
# chdev -l inet0 -a route=’10.47.0.0’,’9.3.240.59’ 临时路由
# route add 10.47.1.2 9.3.240.59 用命令 netstat -rn 查看路由表
附：常用命令列表：
Any XXXX, ####, ****, or X is to be substituted by a name, resource name or #, fn = filename DIR = Directory | = pipe symbol
bosboot -a -d /dev/hdiskx -rebuilds boot record/image on boot device(hdiskx) cat -view contents of a file
cat /tmp/****.1 -view a file, look at output
cat fn fn > newfile -combines two files to a single file cd -will return you to default DIR
cd / -will put in root DIR
cd /xxxx -change you to a DIR anywhere is system cd .. -will drop you out of 1 DIR at a time cd xxxxx -will change you to a DIR in current dir cfgmgr -will auto config devices
cfgmgr -v & -(-v) shows processes (&) puts in background chps -s xx hd# -increase paging space (xx=# of addtl PPs) cp oldfn newfn -copy a file
cp oldfn Dirn -copy a file to another directory crontab -l -list crontab entries for the current user ctrl + v -will page down 1 page ctrl + 6 -will page up 1 page
del fn -same as rm -i,promts to remove fn df -I -shows status of file systems (no inodes) df -Ik -(k) show status in 1024 bites(1mb)(only AIX 4 diag -a -updates changes in hardware configuration diag ***** -****= a device type(as tape,disk....Fastpath) diag -cd rmtX -resets tape drive dosformat -formats a diskette to DOS dosdir -list files on dos formated diskette dosread XX YY -copies dos file XX to aix file YY doswrite YY XX -copies aix file YY to dos file XX errpt -generates a one line synopsis of logged errors errpt | pg -list errorlog 1 page @ a time(1st column is ID) errpt -a -displays detailed information of logged errors errpt -s Mmddhhmmyy -select entries posted later than date
errpt -aj XXXXXXX -list detail error by ID number.(XXX=1st column) errpt -d S -list software errors
errpt -j XXXXXXX -list summary report by ID number.
errpt -aN XXXXXX -list detailed report by resource name column errpt -N XXXXXXX -list summary report by resource name column errclear 0 -clears errorlog
errclear -N XXXXX 0 -clears errorlog by resource name, 0=all enter errclear -j XXXXX 0 -clears errorlog by ID number. finger -same as who but with more details flcopy -copies a diskette to another diskette format -formats a diskette in default diskette drive
format -l -formats in lower denity: 1.44 on 2.44 / 720 on 1.44 hostname -responds with host system name host (hostname) -responds with internet address instfix -ik IPAR# -lists ipar fix was completely installed lppchk -v -checks install status of LPPs
lppchk -v 2> /dev/lpX -sends output of lppchk to printer lpx lpstat -a all -view all printer queues lptest 80 5 > /dev/lp0 -send test pattern to lp0 ls -list names of files & directories in current dir ls -lia -list details of files, current dir & subdir ls -al -list details of files or dir in current dir lsattr -El xxxxxx -list specific settings on a device lsdev -C | sort -d -f -list system hardware (devices) lsdev -C | grep 00-0X -list resourses for a adapter
lsdev -Cc xxxxx -H -list devices(xxx=tty,printer,disk,memory,adpt lsdev -Cs scsi -list scsi devices(not serial or raid) lsdev -Cc tape -list tape devices lsdev -Cs pci -list pci devices lsdev -Cs isa -list isa devices
lscons -lists the assigned console lscfg -list hardware list (same as diags list)
lscfg -rl mem* |pg -lists the memory on PCI bus machines lscfg -vl XXXXX -list config info from a device.(rmt0,hdisk,etc) lscfg -vl sysplanar0 -lists the machine type, model, s/n on SMP lsfs -list all filesystems + data from \lslpp -l | grep BROKEN -lists incomplete ptfs lslv -m hd5 -finds boot drive under pv1 column lsps -a -checks available paging space lsps -s -checks available paging space
lspv -lists information about the physical volumes lspv hdisk# -list drive info
lspv -l hdisk# -lists logical volume group disk in lsuser -f ALL -lists all attributes for all users lsvg -lists volume groups
lsvg -p XXXXXX -lists disks in volume group (xxxxx= volume name) more -reads files and displays the text one screen at a time. mpcfg -df -list all setting the machine is set to (smp) mpcfg -cf 11 1 -changes to fast IPL on SMP machines (smp) mv fn (path fn) -move and rename a file oslevel -shows AIX version (3.2.4 and above) pg -reads and displays text one screen at a time. pdisable -makes unavailable or shows all disabled ttys pdisable tty# -disables a tty
penable -makes available or shows all enabled ttys penable tty# -enables a tty
ps -el |pg -look at process running on system pwd -list what DIR you are currently in