risen well beyond those of 13 years ago (53)_______ the overall warming that has taken place in that time.
The global trend in rising temperatures falls behind盘e regional (54)_____ in the Arctic, said Walt Meier, a sea ice scientist at NASA Goddard.
\the Arctic over the past six months have been even more extreme:' Meier said. \well as unusual weather (55) _______ have led to the record low sea ice extent so far this year.\41. A. resistant B. respective C. resolved D. remote
42. A. makes sense of B. keeps up with C. dates back to D. goes ahead of 43. A. average B. ordinary C. common D. temporary 44. A. confirmed B. witnessed C. involved D. conducted 45. A. standard B. content C. amount D. extent 46. A. datum B. example C. month D. exception 47. A. While B. When C. After D. As
48. A. combinations B. reductions C. concentrations D. applications 49. A. includes B. covers C. approaches D. indicates 50. A. increasing B. changing C. declining D. moving
51. A. ended up with B. gave rise to C. broke away from D. resulted from 52. A. Frequent B. Natural C. Disastrous D. Previous 53. A. in return for B. in case of C. in spite of D. because of 54. A. warming B. falling C. gathering D. changing 55. A. forecasts B. varieties C. patterns D. illustrations
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Late one autumn day at the aquatic center(水上运动中心)in Ancenis, France, something went quietly, horribly wrong. An 18-year-old named
Jean-Francois LeRoy was a regular, coming often in也e early evenings to
swim in the 25-meter pool. Drownings are often difficult to spot. Most are
near-silent incidents where the victim quickly sinks out of view. On this particular day maybe the lifeguards weren't paying as close attention as they should have been. Certainly they believed the tall athletic LeRoy was not a high-risk swimmer.
But on this evening LeRoy was practicing apnea(屏气)swimming----testing how far he could swim underwater on one breath-and at some point, without making any visible or audible
disturbance on the water's surface, he lost consciousness. The guards failed to notice as he stopped swimming and sank to the bottom of the deep end of the pool. With his arms crossed over his head and his feet twitching(抽搐), he was unconscious and drowning. It would take him as little as four minutes to die.
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Although the human lifeguards watching the pool were unaware, 12 large machine eyes deep underwater were watching the whole thing and taking notice. Just nine months earlier the center had installed a state-of-art electronic surveillance system called Poseidon, a network of cameras that feeds a computer programmed to use a set of complex mathematical procedure to distinguish between normal and distressed swimming. Poseidon covers a pool's entire swimming area and can distinguish among dim reflections, shadows, and actual swimmers. It can also tell when real swimmers are moving in a way they're not supposed to. When the computer detects a possible problem, it instantly activates a beeper to warn lifeguards and displays the exact incident location on a monitor. The rest is up to the humans above the water.
Sixteen seconds after Poseidon noticed the large, sinking lump that was Jean-Francois LeRoy, lifeguards had LeRoy out of the pool and gave him first aid. He started breathing again. After one night in the local hospital, he was released with no permanent damage. Poseidon had saved his life.
56. People sometimes fail to detect accidents in the swimming pool because________. A. Iifeguards neglect their duties
B. drowning men don't struggle in water
C. there is no electronic surveillance system installed D. drownings often occur quietly and quickly 57. Which of the following statements in NOT true? A. Lifeguards will give way to Poseidon system. B. Poseidon system can locate drowning incidents. C. Poseidon system can pick out unusual swimmers. D. Lifeguards will count on Poseidon system. 58. The purpose of this passage is to __________ .
A. publicize a machine which can watch out for swimmers in distress B. tell people what may happen in a swimming pool C. warn swimmers not to swim underwater alone
D. advertise an aquatic center equipped with state-of-the-art devices
B
The first animals on earth were never able to achieve much in the world because they lived in the sea, which provided limited oxygen, and they had no backbone. For ages there were many kinds of these animals living in the sea and on land. They differed widely from each other and included such creatures as insects and worms. They had no brain, and therefore none of these animals without a backbone has ever been of much importance. They are wonderfully made but differ so widely that it is really impossible to arrange them in a simple order. However, those who study the different kinds of backboned animals find they can all be arranged in a simple way. More importantly, it is possible to show which class evolved first, which last, and so on. The five great classes of backboned animals are: fishes, amphibian, reptiles, birds and
mammals. A common amphibian is the frog which is able to live in water and on land. A mammal feeds its young by giving milk There are very great differences between a fish, a frog, a horse, a bird and a man; yet they all have a backbone.
A great step was taken when some creatures swam ashore. Perhaps it all began when the frog
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developed. Even today, a baby frog, the tadpole, begins as a fish, having gills(鳃), but then becomes a frog with lungs. The frog even develops feet and hands similar to ours in bone structure. Ages ago the first frog laid down the plan of the kind of limbs(肢)which all backboned animals, including humans, have had, though some of them, like the bird, do not keep this kind of five-fingered limb all their lives.
When the frog has grown from a tadpole to a backboned animal with four limbs, breathing air by means of lungs, it is very like certain of the next class of backboned animals -- the reptiles. The larger reptiles living on earth for many years ago were dinosaurs. Some of the smaller ones grew stretches of skin
between their outspread fingers to form wings. We do know, from fossilized(化石的) remains, that the first birds were flying reptiles with sharp teeth. What a strange world it must have been during these times!
59. The author believes that animals without backbones ____________ . A. had no brain so they did not survive B. were difficult to classify
C. have been important creatures D. are easily placed in order of arrival 60. From the article we can know
A. animals had a backbone but no brain B. insects came from worms C. animals came from insects D. the time order of species 61. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. The first bird developed from a flying fish. B. The horse belongs to the amphibian family.
C. The hand of a frog has four fingers and a thumb. D. All the animals have got backbones inside their body.
62. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. How Backboned Animals Evolved B. How to Classify All Living Things C. The Life Cycle of a Frog D. How the First Bird Flew
C
Until 1964 most forms of gambling were illegal in the United States. Since then, however, more and more states have legalized gambling in order to raise income. The U. S. gambling industry has gone from an. attitude of \-have now legalized gambling as a solution to their depressed economies.
Most states in the United States now depend on incomes from state lotteries(博彩)and use them for good causes, such as improving public education, maintaining state parks, and developing environmental programs.
State governments maintain that the voluntary contribution of funds through state lotteries is preferable to increase state sales or income taxes, and the residents of states using the lottery system tend to support this. The gaming industry has also benefited some of the nation's poorest citizens Native Americans. The U. S. government ruled in l988 that states could not tax the revenues earned by gambling on Native American reservations. Having taken advantage of this
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ruling an open casinos(赌场)on their reservations, many Native Americans moved from a life of poverty to a life of wealth.
Although there are many advantages to legalized gambling, there has also been a good deal of criticism of state-supported gambling. As states increase their support of state lotteries, they seem to encourage commercial gambling in all its forms. About 50 percent of the U. S. population plays the lottery, according to a study by the University of Chicago. This trend has led to an increase in habitual gambling. More than 5 million Americans suffer from gambling addiction. Those most at risk of becoming addicted include the poor, young people between twelve and eighteen years old, and women over the age of fifty, who are looking for some entertainment. As a result, many of them will end up in prison or even homeless. The promise of winning big fortune has created big problems.
Perhaps the most important concern is the moral issue of legalized gambling. The lottery is the only form of gambling that is essentially a government control. Critics ask whether gambling is a proper function of government. Should the government be the spokesman for the expansion of gambling? Critics say state advertising of lotto emphasizes luck over hard work, instant happiness over careful planning, and entertainment over savings. The traditional work ethic(道德准则)is being devalued by the pipedream of striking it rich, and this is sending confusing messages to young people.
In 1996, Congress created a commission to conduct a legal study of the social and economic impacts of gambling in the United States. After two years of study, the Commission recommended an end to the expansion of legalized gambling and a ban on Internet gambling. Some feel- this will severely hurt the gambling industry. Others fear that it is not enough and are asking the government to take a tough stand against gambling. 63. According to the passage, we know that __________ .
A. any forms of gambling were banned before 1964 in the USA
B. the economical problems led to the rise of gambling industry in the USA C. all American states have legalized gambling since 1964
D. only five states have now legalized gambling because of the depressed economies 64. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. State lottery system helps to raise money to improve people's public welfare. B. Gambling industry helps to change the American way of life.
C. Gambling industry helps to improve the life of some poor Native Americans. D. State lottery system helps to increase state sales or income taxes. 65. What is the author most concerned about? A. The expanding of the gambling industry.
B. The suffering of the gambling-addicted people.
C. The moral problems brought about by the legalized gambling. D. The disadvantage of Internet gambling.
66. In Paragraph 5, the word \
A. wonderful idea B. creative idea C. unworkable plan D. practical plan
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Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. When children today play Angry Birds, they won't wonder why the birds are so ill-tempered. B. Hollywood is actually such a power featuring its creativity, imagination and efficiency in giving rise to its entertainment products. C. It led the way for a number of other equally silly, equally addictive games to invade cell phones everywhere. D. Lego, by putting forward its education solutions, is now striving to help kids to stand up to a problem and solve it. E. Never mind that these games made absolutely no sense from a narrative viewpoint. F. In its efforts to feed the audience's curiosity, Hollywood may in fact be killing it. A few years ago, a Finnish app took the mobile gaming world by storm. Its set-up was simple and its idea illogical: Angry Birds was little more than a shooting game, with birds instead of bullets and green pigs in place of targets. _67_ Shortly after Angry Birds took off, audiences found a new distraction in Fruit Ninja, a game where the object was to chop falling produce. Then there was Candy Crush, where players could save a candy kingdom by matching like-colored bonbons. _____68 ____ That was their charm, after all: They were knowingly ridiculous or illogical, an attack into mindless amusement. In games like Angry Birds, players found an escape from reality. All they had to do is resign themselves to the logic of the game, a world of simple cause-and-effect: Slingshot a bird, kill a pig, score points.
Fast forward t0 2016, and there's now an Angry Birds movie, here to fill you in on all the details you never wished to know. The birds have been given personalities, motives and back-stories, and so have the evil green pigs. Meanwhile, the game's nonsense had to be made sense of due to a necessary plot for a movie. Logic replaced illogic. Angry Birds is not alone in having its gray areas sketched in for the big screen. Hollywood has made an industry of answering the questions no one ever thought to ask; to the point of even giving a brand of toy blocks its own story in 2014's The Lego Movie. Countless secondary characters have also been pulled from the sidelines and given their own opportunities to show on the screen. That includes the forgetful blue fish Dory from 2003's Finding Nemo. 69 Viewers no longer have the luxury of imagining back-stories for their favorite characters, or debating the open-ended questions in a film's source materials: An endless flow of prequels(前传),sequels (续集) and spin-offs (衍生产品) fill in those blanks for them.
__ 70 __ They'll know. Everything will be determined for them: According to the movie, the main bird Red gets picked on for his bushy eyebrows, and that leaves him feeling isolated and, well, angry. In some ways, Hollywood has taken on the role of fan fiction writers, by expanding and exploring every corner of its fictional universes. But when these universes expand too widely, what will be left to imagine?
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