三．自然保护类 1. 动植物保护 赞成：
(1) 全球化和工业化进程使得野生动植物的领地惊人的缩小，但认为新世纪不应该
给野生动植物留有生存空间的想法非常荒谬。
Globalization and industrialization shrink the wildlife kingdom significantly, but it is ridiculous to think that no space should be left for wildlife in the new century.
Significantly: substantially, considerably, tremendously, sensationally
(2) 生物多样性是自然界的基本特征，破坏多样性就是毁坏自然界。即便是野生动
植物中的小物种在大自然中也起至关重要的作用。
Biodiversity is the basic feature of nature. To destroy the diversity is to destroy the nature. Even the minor categories of wildlife play a vital role in nature.
Vital: essential, significant, crucial, critical, fundamental, imperative, indispensable
(3) 即使在当代，野生动植物界仍然有很多空白需要探索。了解越多，我们未来就
会生活得更好。
Even today there are still many blank fields waiting for study in the wildlife kingdom. The more we know about it, the better we will live in the future. 当代：contemporary era, modern time, nowadays, 古代：ancient time, primitive era, prehistoric days
(4) 野生动植物保护在新世纪是一件非常重要的事情，人类作为自然界最高等的物
种应该保护野生动植物，给它们更大的生存空间。
Wildlife protection is of great significance in the new century. Man, as the most advanced species on the earth, should protect wildlife and give them larger space for survival.
反对：
(1) 为挽救野生动植物而不是为援助世界上的穷人花费时间和金钱并不值得。
It is not worth spending time and money to save wildlife instead of rescuing the poor in the world
(2) 一些物种的消失将会引起生态灾难这种说法太夸张。数以千计的物种在上个世
纪消失，但是对人类并没有造成严重伤害。
It is exaggerated to say that extinctions of some species will give rise to ecological disasters. Thousands of species died out in the last century, but no serious harm was done to man.
(3) 环保和保护野生动植物对发展中国家来说是一件奢侈的事情，因为这里的人们
还不能吃饱穿暖。环保和保护野生动植物会阻碍这些国家的经济发展。 Environmental protection and wildlife preservation are a luxury for developing countries, as people in these countries cannot afford food and clothing. These practices will hinder the countries’ economic developments.
Hinder: hamper, block, prevent from, prohibit from, impede 促进：facilitate, promote, accelerate, encourage, boost
2．动物园的必要性 赞成：
(1) 由于自然和人为灾难，许多物种已经在荒野中灭绝，打破了世界生态系统
的平衡，所以应该建立动物园，尽可能多地保护物种。
Due to calamities caused by nature and man, many species have become extinct in the wild. The extinction breaks the balance of the eco-system in the world, so zoos should be established to preserve as many species as possible.
(2) 除了保护珍稀物种之外，动物园对增长民众对动物的知识有帮助。动物园
的动物使市民能够近距离接触动物世界。
Besides protecting rare animal species, zoos contribute to the public’s knowledge of animals. Animals in zoos enable citizens to get in close touch with natural animal world.
(3) 在保护自身方面，动物没有和人一样的能力。在动物园里，人类能提供好
的环境以便动物生长和繁殖。从保护动物的意义上来说，这比把它们留在荒野里更好。
In the aspect of protecting themselves, animals do not have the same abilities as men do. Man can provide a good environment for them to grow and breed in zoos, which is more successful in the sense of animal preservation than leaving them in the wild.
在… 方面：in terms of, with respect to, with regards to, concerning, when it comes to, as for, as far as, insofar as
反对：
(1) 一些国际动物保护协会反对把动物用于商业用途。
Some international animal protection associations go against the idea to use animals for commercial purpose.
反对：disapprove, refute, dispute, object to, reject
支持： be in favor of, support, be up to, back up, endorse, bolster,uphold
(2) 动物园是动物集中栖息地，是瘟疫潜在的危险源，对城市人口安全造成威胁。
Zoos are the concentrated habitats of various animals. The animals are sources of potential epidemics, posing threats to the health of urban population.
(3) 动物园位置和占地规模有碍 城市建设，造成交通拥堵和城市资源的不良配置。
Zoos hinder urban construction due to their location and size, thereby leading to traffic jam and poor allocation of urban resources.
Thereby: therefore, consequently, hence, thus
自然保护类模拟真题：
(1) Some people believe there’s no place for wildlife in the 21st century, so to prevent these
wild animals from dying out is a waste of resources. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
一些人认为在21世纪没有野生动植物的生存空间，因此阻止他们灭亡是资源浪费。你同不同意这个观点？
(2) Zoos are sometimes seen as necessary but poor alternative to a natural environment. Is
it necessary to keep animals in zoos?
动物园有时候被认为是必需的，但是是自然环境的劣质替代品。把动物关在动物园里是必要的吗？
(3) Some people think that a large amount of time and money spent on the protection of
wild animals should be better spent on the human population. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
一些人认为在野生动物保护上花费的时间和金钱应该用在人类身上。你同不同意这个观点？
四、环保和交通类:
1. 拥有汽车 赞成:
(1) 拥有一辆汽车可以给人更大的自由度,使他能自由地到处移动。
Possessing an automobile gives one a much greater degree of mobility, enabling him/her to travel around freely.
(2) 没有汽车，这个世界仍然会是由一个个孤立的社区组成。
Without cars, the world would still consist of isolated communities.
(3) 公共汽车通常非常拥挤，速度慢，尤其是在高峰期间。如果有较多的汽
车，人能更容易走动。
Buses are often crowded and slow, especially during rush hours. If there are more cars, people can get around more easily.
反对：
(1) 汽车引起的交通意外不但带来了死亡和伤害，还让人遭受心理和精神上的
折磨。
Traffic accidents caused by cars not only bring death and injury, but also make people suffer mentally and psychologically.
(2) 既然中国有如此多的人口，普及私人汽车只会带来严重的社会问题。
Since China has such a large population, the popularization of private-owned automobiles will only bring out serious social problems. (3) 汽车制造空气污染，使城市充满无法忍受的噪音。
Cars often produce air pollution and fill the city with unbearable noise.
2. 环保的必要性 赞成：
(1) 严重的污染已经影响到我们正常生活。我们呼吸的空气、喝的水和吃的食
物已经面临被污染的危险。
Serious pollution has threatened out normal life. The air we breathe, the water we drink and the food we eat have already faced the risk of being polluted. (2) 迅速发展经济已经成为国家建设的主要目标。它与迅速发展的工业一样，
制造了很多废物。
Rapid economic development has been the main goal of the national
construction. Similar to the rapidly growing industry, it produces a great deal of waste.
反对：
(1) 对环境的伤害是因改善生活水平所带来的不可避免的结果。
Damage to the environment is an inevitable consequence of the improvement of living standards.
(2) 环保对发展中国家来说是一种奢侈，那里的人们还在为他们的生存而努
力。
Environmental protection is a luxury to developing countries, where people are still struggling for their survival.
(3) 发展中国家经常被发达国家指责没有实行环保。然而后者才是污染制造大
户。
Developing countries are always blamed by their developed counterparts for not being able to carry out environmental protection. The latter, however, are the real big pollution producers.
环保类模拟真题：
1． In most parts of the world, people come to be aware of social problems caused by cars.
Discuss the problems and offer possible solutions.
世界上大部分地区，人们逐渐意识到汽车造成的社会问题。讨论这些问题，并提出可能的解决方案。
2． Some people say that damage to the environment is an inevitable consequence of
improving the living standards. Do you agree with the idea? Give your opinion and reasons with your own experience.
有些人说对环境的破坏是改善生活质量不可避免的结果。你同意这种观点吗？用自己的经验给出你的意见和原因。
五、 犯罪类 1．死刑惩罚 赞成
(1) 如果还有谋杀犯，就永远也不应该中止死刑。
There should never be suspension of death penalty if there are still murderers.
(2) 死刑更人道，因为罪犯不用受终身监禁。
Death penalty is more humane, because the criminal would not suffer the torture of life imprisonment.
(3) 死刑应该是主要的威慑力。其他严厉的法律也应该投入使用。
Capital punishment should be a major deterrent. Other strict laws should also be put into practice.