of a successful landing back in 1969.
It was tough indeed. When the module (登月舱) was approaching the moon’s surface, the computer wanted to rest them on a steep slope covered with rocks, but Armstrong realized it was an unsafe place to stop.
As a last minute decision, he safely landed the module by himself. When they finally touched the ground, ―there was something like 20 seconds of fuel left,‖ he said in an interview earlier this year.
Unfortunately, some people doubted his visit to the moon, saying it was faked. But Armstrong responded with a chuckle (轻声笑), saying: ―It was never a concern to me because I knew one day, somebody was going to go fly back up there and pick up that camera I left.‖
For all his global fame, Neil Armstrong is a remarkably modest man. He rarely gave interviews and didn’t like talking about his achievement. He stopped giving his signatures when he found that people sold them for thousands of dollars.
―I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger (记账簿) of our daily work,‖ Armstrong said in a CBS interview in 2005. When asked how he felt knowing his footprints would be likely to stay on the moon’s surface for thousands of years, he said: ―I kind of hope that somebody goes up there one of these days and cleans them up.‖
Armstrong passed away last month at the age of 82, but he will be remembered. ―The next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink (眨眼示意),‖ his family said to Reuters.
56. It can be inferred from the article that before his expedition to the moon, Armstrong __________. A. was certain that Apollo 11 would work well B. believed the module would land safely on the moon C. had prepared himself to face possible failure D. planned to land the module on the moon by himself
57. How did Armstrong respond when people doubted that he had been to the moon? A. He was angry. B. He was troubled by it.
C. He tried to find evidence that they were wrong. D. He believed they would be proved wrong some day.
58. By saying ―I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger of our daily work‖, Armstrong meant that __________. A. the more daily work you’ve done, the more easily you will be recognized B. things that look spectacular are not as useful as ordinary successes C. achieving greatness can make other successes feel less important D. everyday’s hard work is more appreciated than one successful moment 59. Which of the following best describes Armstrong? A. He was ambitious.
B. He tried to avoid the spotlight. C. He balanced his life and work well. D. He was talkative and loved telling jokes.
高三英语 本卷共11页 第6页
(B)
You may read the questions first.
Indian Heroes and Great Chieftains
The book mainly presents us with the American Indian leaders of the past. It features many profiles and biographies including Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Little Crow and Lozen Quanah etc. written by author Charles Eastman, and I’m sure you will be interested in it. Name: Sitting Bull Birth: 1831 Death: 12-15-1890
He was a great hero and is respected by many American Indians. In a 1997 documentary (纪录片) — The Great Tribes, he was known as a holy man, a composer of songs and an artist. Under him, the Sioux and Cheyenne Nations unified. He was advised to go on a European tour in 1887, but he turned it down to defend these two nations from being separated again. He led his people during years of resistance to United States government policies and was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation. Name: Crazy Horse Birth: 1842 Death: 9-5-1877
Crazy Horse was a legendary warrior（勇士） and a gentle leader as well as a brave man who stood for the highest ideal of the Sioux, celebrated for his battle skills as well as his efforts to preserve Native American traditions and way of life. Resisting efforts to force the Sioux on to reservations, he
fought alongside Sitting Bull and others in the American-Indian Wars.
Charles Eastman described him in his book Indian Heroes as ―a man of deeds and not of words‖. Name: Red Cloud Birth: 1822 Death: 12-10-1909
He was against the movement of the white settlers into the Black Hills. In 1868, he refused to sign a treaty (条约), which stated that the Black Hills didn’t belong to people. The treaty also stated that these areas couldn’t be entered without the government’s permission. According to Eastman’s book Indian Heroes, he was said to have fought against the treaty, forcing the government to give in and pull out of the area.
高三英语 本卷共11页 第7页
Name: Lozen Quanah Birth: late 1840s Death: 1890
Known as the youngest sister of Red Cloud, she devoted herself to the people. She was described in Peter Aleshire’s Warrior Woman as a heroine good at riding horses and using a bow and arrow to drive attackers away. This skill was considered to be ―one of the most honored skills among the Indians‖.
60. Which of the following is NOT true about Crazy Horse? A. He was friendly to his soldier. C. He was a great talker.
B. He showed great courage. D. He was respected.
61. From the passage we can infer that __________. A. Sitting Bull disliked traveling
B. Indian Heroes was a book on Indian history
C. in the 1880s Indian soldiers were mainly armed with bows and arrows D. in the 1850s Indian women were not allowed to ride horses 62. The main purpose of the passage is to __________. A. show Indians’ lives to readers
B. describe great Indian heroes and heroines C. show the history of the Indians D. comment on a history book
(C)
Crude awakening
A battle between two energy exchanges
[1] OPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be an odd, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit (公开叫价交易厅）in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures（布伦特原油期货）, the benchmark （基准）contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.
[2] The NYMEX is trying to grab liquidity from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has so far concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American benchmark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE’s efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.
高三英语 本卷共11页 第8页
[3] The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds (对冲基金) or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from ―locals‖--self-employed traders--is helping to support open-outcry, although some think that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to close its floor. Only last month it signed a rental agreement, lasting until 2017, for its trading floor in London.
[4] Dublin’s new pit is ―showing promise‖, says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session. By the year’s end, predicts Mr Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be feasible. It would stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.
[5] In the long run having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable (不可持续的). Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little progress. And the NYMEX has tried to get Brent contracts before, without success.
[6] Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not work together? There have been talks about cooperation before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more serious IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will compete until one has won --across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic. 63. According to the text, the NYMEX and IPE are __________. A. both using open outcry trading as a major trading form B. partners that benefit each other in their business activities C. rivals that are competing in the oil trading market D. both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice
64. The word ―glitches‖ in Line 2, Paragraph 4 most probably means __________. A. backwardness
B. disappointments
C. engineers
D. problems
65. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that __________.
A. trading volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session is falling B. London is a better business location for energy exchanges than Dublin C. Britain’s regulators are less efficient than those of Ireland D. the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year
高三英语 本卷共11页 第9页
66. We can draw a conclusion from the text that __________.
A. it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their businesses B. the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shown
C. the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each other D. the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting better
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. People volunteer mainly out of academic requirements. B. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must. C. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal
identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. D. Individual differences are most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work. E. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. F. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.
Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. 67 For example, people volunteer to
express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.
People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service,
some schools have launched compulsory (义务的) volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., ―I volunteer because it’s important to me‖) to an external factor (e.g., ―I volunteer because I’m required to do so‖). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. 68 Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. 69 The researchers note that attention should be given to ―training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience‖.
高三英语 本卷共11页 第10页