Centos7.0安装oracle 11g教程说明
一、下载centos版本 ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 二、安装前准备工作 ............................................................................................................................................................. 2
2.1.查看分区是否正确 ................................................................................................................................................... 2 2.2.关闭防火墙 ............................................................................................................................................................... 2 2.3.hosts文件 ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 2.4.host.conf .................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2.5.下载oracle11gR2： .................................................................................................................................................. 3 2.6.安装tigervnc-server.................................................................................................................................................. 3 2.7.启动vnc服务 ........................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.8.安装oracle必备服务包 ........................................................................................................................................... 4 2.9.配置内核参数 ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 2.10.打开文件数和进程数的限制 ................................................................................................................................. 6 2.11.创建用户oracle .................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.12.创建oracle11g文件夹 ........................................................................................................................................... 7 2.13.授权限给oracle用户 ............................................................................................................................................. 7 2.14.授权给data目录 .................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.15.通过SSH ServerFT传输文件到oralce11g ............................................................................................................. 8 2.16.oracle用户登录 ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.17.设置环境变量 ......................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.18.查看是否生效 ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 2.19.解压缩oracle文件 ............................................................................................................................................... 10 2.20.重启centos系统 .................................................................................................................................................. 11 2.21.启动VNC服务 ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.22. 设置访问权限的控制 ......................................................................................................................................... 12 2.23.启动安装oracle .................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.24.安装中文字体 ....................................................................................................................................................... 12 三、安装oracle 11gR2 ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 四、测试是否安装成功和修改字符集 ............................................................................................................................... 26
4.1.测试是否安装成功 ................................................................................................................................................. 26 4.2.修改数据库字符集 ................................................................................................................................................. 26 五、ORACLE自动启动 ......................................................................................................................................................... 28
5.1.修改 dbstart ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 5.2.修改 dbshut ............................................................................................................................................................ 28 5.3.修改oratab ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 5.4.创建启动服务 ......................................................................................................................................................... 29 5.5.测试服务 ................................................................................................................................................................. 31 5.6. 启动脚本执行权限 ............................................................................................................................................. 32 5.7.oracle设置自启动 .................................................................................................................................................. 32 5.8. 查看服务在各运行级状态 ................................................................................................................................... 32 5.9.启动centos系统 .................................................................................................................................................... 32 5.10.查看是否成功启动 ............................................................................................................................................... 32
一、下载centos版本
安装centos 7.0_64位：(建议安装最新7.0版本)
https://linux.cn/article-3351-1.html
http://isoredirect.centos.org/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
二、安装前准备工作
2.1.查看分区是否正确
root用户进去打开命令行输入： df -h
2.2.关闭防火墙
这边必须关闭，否则应用层连接进来oracle会报错！
关闭防火墙：
centos7.0使用命令： 方法1：关闭firewall：
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
firewall-cmd --state#查看默认防火墙状态（关闭后显示notrunning，开启后显示running）
方法2：重启后生效 ：chkconfig firewalld off 即时生效，重启后失效：service firewalld stop
2.3.hosts文件
查看 /etc/hosts 文件内容是否正确
vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost 192.168.0.1dbserver
Ip 电脑名 ----- 是备注，请勿复制进去
2.4.host.conf
查看 /etc/host.conf 文件，查看是否有多余内容
2.5.下载oracle11gR2：
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/112010-linx8664soft-100572.html 官方安装手册
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/toc.htm----计算机英文六级必看！
2.6.安装tigervnc-server
方法一： 远程服务安装
以下通过命令行运行输入，可以直接复制，在命令下粘贴
查询版本
rpm –q tigervnc tigervnc-server 安装vncserver客户端和服务端 yum -y install tigervnc yum -y install tigervnc-server 方法二：
linux centos7.0 光盘目录下有，可放光盘进去搜索tigervnc-server或vncserver（安装server版本）
2.7.启动vnc服务
在应用层启动linux系统下vnc服务
a.运行桌面 putty（在应用服务上）
b.输入数据库IP和密码
c.依次输入： root
root密码 vncserver :1
在应用层使用tiger viewer远程连接
2.8.安装oracle必备服务包
注意：1.必须全部安装，否则安装oracle会报错； 2.安装必须按逐条执行； 3.安装过程中有is this ok选：y
4.安装包完成后必须提示：Complete!，表示安装成功，否则重来！ yum install pdksh*
#其中centos6.3以上版本无法yum安装pdksh包，请通过以下链接下载安装：
wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm rpm -e ksh* #先卸载冲突包,无法卸载按提示包名卸载
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm #如果下载不了，附件中有，复制到目录下后执行安装。
yum install binutils-* yum install compat-libstdc++* yum install elfutils-libelf* yum install glibc* yum install gcc-* yum install libaio* yum install libgcc* yum install libstdc++* yum install make* yum install sysstat* yum install unixODBC*
2.9.配置内核参数
centos7.0版本：
安装oracle，查看是否有这些字段，否则在安装oracle环境检测和变更oracle的SGA和PGA会内存溢出。 vi /etc/sysctl.conf 可用搜索文件sysctl.conf
# Controls the kernel.msgmnb = # Controls the kernel.msgmax = # Controls the kernel.shmmax = default maxmimum size of a mesage queue 65536
maximum size of a message, in bytes 65536
maximum shared segment size, in bytes 68719476736
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 4294967296
fs.file-max = 6815744 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 kernel.shmmni = 4096 参数生效
sysctl -p