本科毕业设计说明书
五柱塞往复泵设计
DESIGN OF FIVE PLUNGER RECIPROCATING PUMP
学院（部）：机械工程学院 专业班级： 机设09-9 学生姓名： 张晓晓 指导教师： 朱增宝教授
2013 年 6 月 7 日
安徽理工大学毕业设计
五柱塞往复泵设计
摘要
该毕业设计是对五柱塞往复泵的设计。往复泵借助于柱塞在液缸体工作腔内的往复运动，使工作腔容积产生周期性变化来达到输送液体的目的，它是把机械能转化为压力能的装置。此种泵的流量值取决于工作腔容积变化值及在单位时内的变化次数，而在理论上与排除压力无关。柱塞往复泵具有效率高，吸入性好，输送介质广泛等优点。在石油开采等方面是不可替代的。
本次设计主要通过对一直数据的分析以及参考相关资料完成的。该往复泵是五柱塞的往复泵，主要由动力端和传动端组成。通过对曲轴，液缸体，连杆等零部件及整机进行具体分析和计算，完成了本次设计任务。
关键词：五柱塞往复泵，尺寸计算，强度校核，Solid Works绘图
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安徽理工大学毕业设计
DESIGN OF FIVE PLUNGER RECIPROCATING PUMP
ABSTRACT
This graduation design is about five plunger reciprocating pump design. Reciprocating pump with plunger in the reciprocating movement of the hydraulic cylinder work chamber, make produce periodic working volume change to achieve the purpose of conveying liquid, it is to convert mechanical energy into pressure device. This kind of pump flow value depends on the working chamber volume change and the change in the units, and in theory has nothing to do with out of pressure. Plunger reciprocating pump with high efficiency, good aspiration, medium widely, etc. In oil exploitation, etc, play an irreplaceable role.
This design mainly through the analysis of the data has been completed and reference related information. The reciprocating pump is five plunger reciprocating pump, is mainly composed of power side and drive side. Through to the crankshaft, hydraulic cylinder, and the connecting rod and other components for specific analysis and calculation, completed the design task.
KEYWORDS: five plunger reciprocating pump, size calculation, strength check, Solid Works drawing
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安徽理工大学毕业设计
目录
摘要 ...................................................... II ABSTRACT ................................................. III 1绪论 ...................................................... 1 1.1往复泵的特点 .......................................... 1 1.2 结构上存在的问题 ...................................... 2 1.3往复泵的分类 .......................................... 2 1.3.1 按泵的液力端特点 .................................. 2 1.3.2按传动端的结构特点分 .............................. 2 1.3.3按泵的驱动方式或配带的原动机分 .................... 3 1.3.4按泵的排除压力分 .................................. 3 1.3.5按泵的每分钟往复次数分 ............................ 3 1.4往复泵整体结构设计 .................................... 3 1.5 液力端结构选型 ........................................ 3 1.6传动端结构形式的选择 .................................. 4 2 往复泵主要结构参数的选择与确定 ............................ 6 2.1往复泵容积效率Η的选择 ................................. 6 2.2柱塞平均速度UM的选择.................................. 6 2.3 行程长度S的选取以及柱塞直径的确定 .................... 6 2.4 程径比Ψ=S/D的选择 .................................... 7 2.5 吸入和排出管内径D1,D2的选取 .......................... 7 2.7原动机的选择 .......................................... 7 3 液力端主要零部件的设计计算 ................................ 8 3.1液缸体的设计和计算 .................................... 8 3.2泵阀的计算 ........................................... 10 3.2.1传统往复泵阀的理论和计算 ......................... 10 3.3柱塞及其密封装置 ..................................... 13 3.3.1柱塞结构型式的选择 ............................... 14 3.3.2柱塞密封 ......................................... 14 4传动端主要零，部件的设计 ................................. 15 4.1机体 ................................................. 15 4.2曲柄连杆机构的受力分析 ............................... 15 4.2.1曲轴的结构特点和选择 ............................. 17 4.2.2典型曲轴结构 ..................................... 17 4.2.2.1曲拐布置或曲柄错角选定 ....................... 17
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安徽理工大学毕业设计
4.2.2.2曲轴支承和轴承选择 ........................... 17 4.2.2.3轴颈 ......................................... 17 4.2.2.4曲柄 ......................................... 18 4.4.4.5过度圆角 ..................................... 18 4.2.2.6油孔 ......................................... 18 4.2.2.7轴端 ......................................... 18 4.2.2.8轴封 ......................................... 18 4.3.4曲轴的强度校核 ................................... 22 4.4曲轴材料及技术要求 ................................... 24 4.5机加工要求 ........................................... 24 4.6连杆及其轴瓦 ......................................... 24 4.6.1连杆主要尺寸确定 ................................. 24 4.6.2连杆强度和稳定性校核 ............................. 26 4.7十字头 ............................................... 26 5 SOLIDWORKS出图 .......................................... 29 5.1零件图和装配图 ....................................... 29 5.2工程图 ............................................... 43 结论 ...................................................... 45 参考文献 .................................................. 46 致谢 ...................................................... 47 V