江 苏 大 学 毕 业 设 计
J I A N G S U U N I V E R S I T Y 本 科 毕 业 论 文
高压成套电器的工程设计
The engineering design of high-voltage electrical equipment
学院名称： 电气信息工程学院 专业班级： 电气0704 学生姓名： 任 康 指导教师姓名： 姜晋文 指导教师职称： 副教授
2011年 06 月
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江 苏 大 学 毕 业 设 计
高压成套电器的工程设计
专业班级:电气0704 学生姓名：任康 指导教师：姜晋文 职称：副教授
摘要 电力系统正常运行需要安全、经济、可靠的开关设备作保障，随着科学技术的进
步和对供用电质量要求的日益提高，开关柜技术的使用范围在扩大。品种在不断增多，自动化、智能化的程度也愈来愈高。本文分别介绍了开关设备在电力系统中的作用和分类方法，以及高压开关设备的型号含义与技术参数，其中较详细地讲述了开关设备中关于“五防”功能及其实现方法。又着重从高压开关柜的电气设计入手，对涉及到的高压一，二次元器件进行了大量阐述，特别地对其中的高压一次断路器、高压二次综合保护装置进行了更为详细地说明，本文最后对开关柜电气一次电路和二次回路的构成及分类作了简明的描述，最终将应用到的一二次原件有合理地组合成完整的6.3kV系统方案。文章结论部分对目前行业动作了简单总结，也对高压成套设备结合电力电子与通信工程而实现的开关柜智能化和远程化进行了展望。
关键词：开关设备 高压电器元件 工程设计
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江 苏 大 学 毕 业 设 计
The design of high-voltage electrical equipment
Abstract Normal operation of power system needs of security, economic, and reliable switching
device for protection, with the scientific and technological progress and quality requirements for the increasing use of electricity, the switch cabinet to expand the use of technology. Variety on the rise, automation, higher and higher degree of intelligence. This paper describes the switching equipment in power system and classification of the role and meaning of high-voltage switchgear and technical parameters of the model, which describes in detail the switching equipment on the \voltage switchgear, high voltage involved to the first and second components were extensively elaborated, particularly one of them high-voltage circuit breakers, high voltage integrated protection device was the second more detailed description of Finally, a circuit of electrical switchgear and the composition of the secondary circuit made a concise description and classification, and ultimately will be applied to a second there is a reasonable combination of the original into a complete system solution 6.3kV. Conclusion of the article a brief summary of the current industry movement, but also complete sets of equipment with high power electronics and communication engineering and implementation of intelligent switchgear and long-range prospects.
Keywords: Switchgear High-voltage electrical components Engineering Design
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江 苏 大 学 毕 业 设 计
目 录
第1章 电力系统与成套电器 .......................................................................................... 1
1.1 电力系统概述 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 开关电器在电力系统中的作用与分类 ..................................................................... 1 1.2.1 开关电器的作用 ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 开关设备的分类 ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 高压开关柜概述 ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 金属封闭开关柜的分类 ......................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 开关柜的型号 ......................................................................................................... 4 1.3.3 开关柜的主要技术参数 ....................................................................................... 25 1.3.4 “五防”功能及其实现 ......................................................................................... 6
第2章 高压一次元件 ........................................................................................................ 8
2.1 概述 ............................................................................................................................. 8 2.2 高压断路器 ................................................................................................................. 8 2.2.1 断路器的基本作用： ............................................................................................. 8 2.2.2高压断路器的种类 .................................................................................................. 8 2.2.3 断路器操作机构的选用 ....................................................................................... 10 2.3 断路器的选择 ........................................................................................................... 12 2.3.1 型号含义： ........................................................................................................... 13 2.3.2 VN3-12断路器概述 .............................................................................................. 13 2.3.3 断路器的三个工作状态（合闸、分闸、跳闸） ............................................... 15 2.4 隔离开关 ................................................................................................................... 17 2.5 负荷开关 ................................................................................................................... 17 2.6 熔断器 ....................................................................................................................... 18 2.7 互感器 ....................................................................................................................... 21 2.8 避雷器 ....................................................................................................................... 22
第3章 高压二次元件 ...................................................................................................... 23
3.1 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 23 3.2 二次回路的一般分类 ............................................................................................. 23 3.3 继电器 ....................................................................................................................... 24 3.4 主令电器 ................................................................................................................... 25 3.4.1 控制按钮(SB) ....................................................................................................... 25 3.4.2 行程开关(SQ) ....................................................................................................... 25 3.5 微机综合保护装置 ................................................................................................... 26 3.5.1概述 ........................................................................................................................ 26 3.5.2 进线保护 ............................................................................................................... 27 3.5.3 变压器柜保护 ....................................................................................................... 32 3.5.4 母联隔离柜保护 ................................................................................................... 37 3.6 开关状态显示仪 ....................................................................................................... 42
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江 苏 大 学 毕 业 设 计
3.7 电力仪表 ................................................................................................................... 43 3.8 微型断路器 ............................................................................................................... 46 3.9 电磁锁 ....................................................................................................................... 48
第4章 高压开关设备电气设计 .................................................................................. 49
4.1 一次电路电气接线及设备的分类 ........................................................................... 49 4.2 电气主接线图 ........................................................................................................... 49 4.2.1 有母线接线 ........................................................................................................... 50 4.2.2 无母线接线 ........................................................................................................... 51 4.3 二次回路概述 ........................................................................................................... 51 4.3.1测量回路 ................................................................................................................ 52 4.3.2 控制回路 ............................................................................................................... 52 4.3.3 信号回路 ............................................................................................................. 53
第5章 工程设计方案 ...................................................................................................... 54
5.1 高压开关设备模块 ................................................................................................... 54 5.2 一次电路设计 ......................................................................................................... 57 5.3 二次电路设计 ........................................................................................................... 54 5.3.1 二次图纸分类 ....................................................................................................... 58 5.3.2 二次回路绘制方法 ............................................................................................... 59 5.3.3 回路编号规则 ....................................................................................................... 60
结 论....................................................................................................................................... 61 致 谢....................................................................................................................................... 64 参考文献： ........................................................................................................................... 65
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