Ⅲ.阅读理解
[2015·河北唐山一模]Robots performing tasks according toP1 a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new. But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approachW1， which is conductedW2 by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland.
If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube, chances are that it will be used by a robot. University of Maryland's professor Yiannis Aloimonos, leader of the group, said “There exists a large amount ofP2 video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize_on.”
“At presentP3， the videos are fed electronically，” said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller. “Originally, we took our own videos, our cameras looking at us doing the cooking，” she explained. “And, as the robot advancesW3， it reacts to good quality videos. And it will react to even lower quality home-made videos.”
So far, the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts, such as graspingW4 a spoon, bringing it to the bowl, stirring the salad and observing the results.
But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program? Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibilityW5. He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task, the so-called feedback (反馈意见); another is the introduction of language.
“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand
metaphorical (比喻性的) language，”S he added.“But，”he said，“we don't need that
to create a new world where the robots will be working for us.”
机器人按既定指令完成任务并不让人觉得新鲜，但能看着视频学做饭的机器人，你可能前所未闻。
1．The underlined phrase “capitalize on” probably can be replaced by________. A．take hold of C．keep track of
B．make use of D．catch sight of
答案：B 考查词义猜测。由第二段的第一句“If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube chances are that it will be used by a robot”可知，机器人能利用网上大量的视频信息，结合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalize on应与“use”意思相近，因此选择B项。take hold of“握住”；make use of“利用”；keep track of“与??保持联系”；catch sight of“看到”。
2．Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot ________. A．can not fully digest what it learns B．can not make a simple salad C．can follow home-made videos
D．can understand metaphorical language
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答案：A 考查推理判断。根据最后一段Aloimonos的话可知，该机器人目前还不能理解比喻性的语言。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能认为目前该机器人还不能完全消化它学的东西，应选择A项。
3．Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because ________. A．they can easily follow fixed programs B．they are smart enough to learn cooking C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch D．predetermined instructions are not flexible
答案：D 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的前两句“But why teach a robot...a fixed program? Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility”可知，教机器人理解视频是因为预定指令不够灵活，应选择D项。
4．Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage? A．Robots Creating a New World B．Robots Making Cooking Videos
C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions
答案：C 考查标题判断。文章主要介绍了通过观看视频学做饭的机器人，因此C项是最佳标题。
W重点词汇
1．approach n．/vt. 方法；途径；靠近 2．conduct v．管理；引导；行为 3．advance n．/v.发展；前进 4．grasp vt.领会；抓住 5．flexibility n．灵活性；弹性 P重点短语
1．according to 根据
2．a large amount of 大量地(修饰不可数名词) 3．at present 目前；当前 S句式仿写
原文：I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical language.(固定句式)
译文：我认为可能要花费一段时间机器人才能理解比喻性语言。 仿
写
：
Scientists
say
it_will_be_four_or_five_years_before_it_is_
possible_to_test_this_medicine_on_human_patients.
科学家认为四五年后才有可能在病人身上测试这种药。
Ⅳ.短文改错
[2015·甘肃兰州双基过关考试]
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Dear Sir/Madam，
I'm one of your customer. I ordered a set of books on your website two weeks ago, but I didn't received it until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were too poorly packed up that the cover of one book were torn. To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missed.
I'm sorry to have received such poorly service, and I believe I have every right ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money back or deliver a new set of books to me. Beside, I'd like to be informed of the process of your deal with my complaint.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours， Li Hua
答案：
Dear Sir/Madam，
I'm one of your customer. I ordered a set of books on your website two weeks
customers
ago, but I didn't received it until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the
receive
books were too poorly packed up that the cover of one book were torn. To make matters
so
was
worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missed.
missing
I'm sorry to have received such poorly service, and I believe I have every right
poor
∧ ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money back＼
to
or deliver a new set of books to me. Beside， I'd like to be informed of the process
Besides
of your deal with my complaint.
dealing
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours， Li Hua
Ⅴ.书面表达
[2015·江西师大附中、鹰潭一中联考] 2月28日柴静的一部名叫《穹顶之下》的纪录片在微信朋友圈被疯传，几乎是一瞬间，这部有关雾霾调查的纪录片席卷了整个中国。这部片子从公众健康的角度唤起了大家对雾霾这种大气污染问题的重视。
假如你是李华，BBC记者Bill来信询问你家乡是否有雾霾天气，情况如何。请按下面写一封电子邮件，开头和结尾已给出。
介绍情况：
(1)最近发生数次雾霾天气；
(2)通过《穹顶之下》，人们更进一步认识到雾霾天气的危害，正采取各种举措减少其发生；
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(3)你自己为此做了什么或打算做什么。 注意：词数100左右。
雾霾：smog'穹顶之下：Under the Dome Dear Bill，
I'm glad to receive your letter; thank you for your caring for the weather and my health. Now I'd like to tell you something about the smog.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours， Li Hua
One possible version Dear_Bill，
I'm_glad_to_receive_your_letter;_thank_you_for_your_caring_for_the_weather_and_my_health._Now_I'd_like_to_tell_you_something_about_the_smog.
Recently the smog has occurred a lot of times. It has done great harm to our daily life. Many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy smog weather, and more and more people have to go to see the doctor because of the serious disease caused by the smog. Anyway, people's life is greatly affected.
With the help of Under the Dome, people have further realized the great harm caused by the smog and the importance of protecting the environment. People all over the country are taking measures to reduce the smog weather.
As far as I'm aware, I will go to school by bike or on foot, and I won't throw the waste anywhere in addition. I will tell the people I meet to protect the environment as possible as they can. Would you like to tell me some good ideas？I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours， Li_Hua
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