网络教育学院 本科生毕业论文（设计）
题目：前山河变电所电气部分设计
前山河变电所电气部分设计
内容摘要
锦州葫芦岛两锦地区地理位置优越，该地区电网在辽西和辽中的电网中处于较为重要的位置。随着国民经济的迅速增长和电力企业的快速发展，两锦地区电网的结构也需要完善，为此在锦州地区建立220KV的电网势在必行。考虑各个因素，本次毕业设计确定的方案是220kV前山河变电所的主要电器设备接线图以及变电站的防雷保护。通过考虑到确保电力系统的稳固性、可靠性和持续性，分析原始资料、查阅相关手册、选择比较主接线、计算短路电流、以及绘制线路图等一系列步骤，确定了本方案的各个细节。最后通过详细的计算和分析，说明文章中提出的方案对提高电力系统供电的可靠性和运行的经济性有着十分重要的作用，对构建新城区城市电网，为辽西经济带开发提供电力保障，为该地区提供更为充足的供电能力和网架支撑也非常重要。
关键词：电气设计；变电所；电气主接线
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前山河变电所电气部分设计
目 录
内容摘要 ··························································································································· I 1绪论 ······························································································································· 3
1.1变电站的发展现状与趋势 ················································································· 3 1.2变电站的研究背景 ····························································································· 3 1.3本次论文的主要工作 ························································································· 5 2电气设计的主要内容 ··································································································· 5
2.1变电所的总体分析及主变选择 ········································································· 6 2.2电气主接线的选择 ····························································································· 7 2.3短路电流计算 ····································································································· 7 2.4电气设备选择 ····································································································· 8 2.5配电设计和总平面布置设计 ············································································· 8 3变电所的总体分析及主变选择 ················································································· 10
3.1变电所的总体情况分析 ··················································································· 10 3.2主变压器容量的选择 ······················································································· 10 3.3主变压器台数的选择 ······················································································· 10 4电气主接线设计 ········································································································· 13
4.1引言 ··················································································································· 13 4.2电气主接线设计的原则和基本要求 ······························································· 13 4.3电气主接线设计说明 ······················································································· 14 5短路电流计算 ············································································································· 16
5.1短路计算的目的 ······························································································· 16 5.2变电所短路短路电流计算 ··············································································· 16 6结论 ····························································································································· 18 参考文献 ························································································································ 20
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前山河变电所电气部分设计
1 绪 论
1.1 前山河变电站的发展现状与趋势
锦州地处辽西电网的中部，其西部与朝阳地区相连，起山海关脚下，东部连着盘锦和阜新地区，至饶阳河畔，南临渤海湾，北枕松岭山脉，地理位置十分良好。在“九五”期间，该地区用电负荷处于平稳增长状态。但在“十五”初期，由于国家产业结构的调整，部分工业用户受到影响，开始出现减产或停产局面，地区用电负荷出现负增长的现象。2003年后，随着国家实施振兴东北老工业基地的政策，本地工业、农业和第三产业迅速发展，用电负荷快速增长。总体来说，辽西系统是典型的电源外送型系统，盘锦和锦州地区电网汇集了赤峰元宝山、阜新以及本地区绥中、南票、锦州三个发电厂的出力，向辽中电网输送电力时，电网通过500kV线路3回以及地区间220kV联络线。
锦州和葫芦岛两锦地区绥中发电厂接入的是500kV的电网，通过绥中电厂--绥中变线一回线路向地区负荷供电，在该地区220kV层电力平衡中，绥中发电厂参与平衡时按300MW的装机容量，按照统计数值，地方电厂以100MW出力。2008年，220kV层面上，锦州和葫芦岛两锦地区冬大方式有325MW供电缺额，冬腰方式有72MW供电缺额。2010年，由于投运了大唐国际锦州热能发电厂、南票热能发电厂二期机组以及凌海风电场等，缺电局面有所扭转，冬大方式多供电32MW，冬腰方式多供电277MW。对于两锦地区内部而言，在220kV层面接入的电厂主要在锦州地区，这些电厂的出力除了需要满足本地区负荷外，还要输送到朝阳和盘锦地区。而由于葫芦岛地区的发电厂仅有南票热电厂，加上该电厂机组的出力不能完全满足地区负荷的需求，大部分的电力还需从500kV沙河营变电所输入。
由此可见，要完善锦州电网的主网架，建设220KV的前山河变电站是很重要的基础，该变电站的建设还将很好地支撑着辽西经济带66KV及以下电网，对接下来的高压配电网络优化，进一步提高供电安全可靠性以及运行经济性具有十分重要的意义。同时，该措施还可以解决当地目前供电容量严重不足、电网资源严重匮乏的问题。由此看来，220KV前山河输变电工程的建设十分必要，同时也是非常紧迫的。
1.2 前山河的研究背景
电力工业一直是国民经济发展过程中十分重要的基础能源产业，它作为国民经济的第一基础产业，关系着国计民生的基础，也是世界各个国家经济发展战略中的优先发展的重点。电力工业作为先进的生产力和国家的基础能源产业，很大
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前山河变电所电气部分设计
程度上促进着国民经济的发展和社会的进步，不仅关系着社会经济会发展，而且与国民的日常生活密切相关。近年来，随着我国经济的快速发展，电的需求量迅速扩大，同时，其销售市场的扩大又在很大程度是刺激了整个电力生产企业的快速发展，而人们对供电的要求也越来越高，尤其是电力供应的稳定性、可靠性以及持续性。但是当前来看，电力工业的发展却仍然不能很好地满足整个社会发展和人们的需求，没有起到很好的先行作用。以2004年夏季负荷供电的高峰期为例，全国范围内预计总的缺电量大约为3000万KW，24个省区都出现了先后拉闸限电的情况，预期这种局面还要过二至三年才可以得到较好的黄姐。
锦州市地处辽宁省西部，西边与葫芦岛市毗邻，北部分别接壤着朝阳、阜新市接壤，东南部与盘锦市为邻，东部与沈阳市为邻，西南方临近渤海辽东湾。经纬分别东经121°8′，北纬41°7′。全市东西方向最长为173km，南北方向宽57km，地理面积为10301平方千米。该市辖管四区两县级市两县，分别为古塔区、太和区、凌河区、开发区和葫芦岛市、北宁市以及黑山县和义县。该区地势比较狭长，西北高东南低，地理位置依山傍海，十分优越独具特色，已经形成了海陆空立体交通。作为进出关的必经之地，锦州市素有“辽西走廊”之称。长期发展以来，锦州市的经济特点是，大中型企业为骨干，地方乡镇企业为依托，工业体系主要有石油化工业、电力产业、冶金机械业、轻工纺织业、造纸业以及食品加工业等，门类十分齐全。商业和金融业发达的同时，锦州市文化教育基础也很雄厚。它作为辽西地区物资的集散地，金融业很活跃，辐射半径也在逐步扩大。在教育方面，锦州市有五座普通高等院校，60余个各类科研院所，在辽宁省属第三位，是人才培养基地之一。从党中央和国务院提出了振兴东北老工业基地的战略和辽宁省委、省政府实施了辽西北开发战略以来，锦州面临着巨大的历史发展机遇，充分把握这个机遇将会对快速促进锦州社会经济的发展，提前实现全面建设小康社会的目标有着巨大的推动作用。为此，今后一个时期，锦州市将把调整改造老工业基地，使其全面振兴作为全市发展经济的前山河的重要任务，实施了“开放牵动”、“工业立市”以及“以港兴市”三大重要发展战略，始终坚持着经济建设和社会进步同步协调发展。该战略部署也相应地提高了地区的供电电压和负荷，但是，一直以来，锦州地区220KV的电源非常少，城市的用电多来源于周边的发电厂和变电站等，引起一些变电站的超负荷运行，严重威胁着该区电网的稳定性和可靠性。因此，在锦州地区建设一座新的220KV变电站势在必行，这不仅可以保障该区的电网结构和用电安全，而且可以稳步推进城市的建设发展和经济的快
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