33. △ optimism / ??pt?m?z?m / n. [U]乐观；乐观主义 be optimism about/for sth 对……乐观
I am optimism about/for the future.我对未来乐观。
We may now look forward with optimism .我们现在可以乐观地展望未来。
34. overcome / ???v??k?m / vt. (overcame, overcome ) 战胜；克服
He was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. 他乐观的精神和战胜困难的决心使他受到人们的喜爱。(p18) She had overcome her fear of flying. 她克服了对飞行的恐惧。
35. △ underdog / ??nd?d?g / n. [C]失败者；处于劣势的一方
He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him. 面对并不善待他的人，这个弱者依然保持友善的态度。(p18) the underdog弱势群体
36. △snowstorm /'sn?ust?:m/ n.[C] 暴风雪
Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing to eat. 相反，他们被暴风雪困在山边的一个小木屋中，没有任何东西可吃。(p18)
37. leather /'lee?/ n.[U] 皮革
They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner. 他们饿极了，只好煮了一双皮鞋来充饥。(p18) The soles are made of leather.鞋底是皮革做的。 a leather jacket皮夹克
38.pick out 挑出；辨别出
Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.
查理首先挑出鞋带来吃，像吃意大利面条一样。(p18)
See if you can pick me out in this photo. 看你能不能把我从这张照片上认出来。
39. △ lace / le?s / n.[U] 饰带；花边；n.[C] 鞋带 a tablecloth edged with lace镶有花边的桌布 Your laces are undone.你的鞋带松开了。
40. cut off 切断；断绝
Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak. 然后他把皮鞋上端的皮子切下来，就像切下一块最好的牛排。(p18) Our water supply has been cut off. 我们断水了。
Their phone was cut off, so they was cut off from others. 他们的电话被切断了，因此被切断了与别人的联系。
41. chew /t?u:/ vt.&vi.嚼碎；咀嚼
Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe. 最后他试着把鞋底割下来嚼着吃。(p18)
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42. △ mouthful /'mauθful/ n. [C]一口；满口
He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. 他每一口都嚼得津津有味。(p18) She took a mouthful of water.她喝了一大口水。
42. △enjoyment / ?n?d???m?nt / n. [U]享受；快乐；乐趣 n.[C] 令人愉快的事
Children seem to have lost their enjoyment in reading.孩子们似乎已失去阅读的乐趣。 I get a lot of enjoyment from my grandchildren.我从孙子孙女们那儿得到很多乐趣。 Children like to share interests and enjoyments with their parents.
孩子们喜欢同父母一起分享各种兴趣和乐事。 【拓展】
enjoy /?n?d???/ vt. 享有; 享受; 喜欢
We are enjoying a high standard of living.我们享有很高的生活水平。
Even though many teenagers in the US enjoy reading, they still have other interests. 尽管美国的许多年轻人喜欢阅读，但是他们仍然有一些别的兴趣。 They all enjoyed themselves at the party.他们在聚会上都玩得非常痛快。
43. convince / k?n?v?ns / vt. 说服; 使信服
It's hopeless trying to convince her. 想说服她简直是徒劳。 convince sb/oneself of sth 使相信；信服
You'll need to convince them of your ability to do the job. 你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。
We can convince the students of the need for wider reading.
我们能让学生们认识到广泛的阅读的必要性. convince sb to do sth 劝说某人做某事
I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor. 我一直劝他去看病。 convince sb/oneself + that从句
I'd convinced myself (that) I was right.我确信自己是正确的。 convinced / k?n?v?nst/ adj. 确信的; 深信的; 有坚定信仰的 be convinced of sth/that+从句 坚信…… I am convinced of her honesty. =I am convinced that she is honest. 我坚信她是诚实的。
a convinced Christian虔诚的基督徒 convincing /k?n?v?ns??/ adj.令人信服的
The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!
查理的表演是那么有说服力，以至于你会相信这顿饭是他所吃过的最美味的一餐！(p18) She sounded very convincing to me .我觉得她的话很有说服力。
a convincing argument/explanation/case有说服力的论点 / 解释 / 事例
45. direct / d??rekt /
◎vt.&vi.导演；指示；指挥
Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred in. 查理·卓别林自编、自导、自制他主演的电影。(p18)
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The movie was directed by Steven Spielberg.这部电影是由史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格导演的。 Could you direct me to the station?请问到车站怎么走？
A police officer was directing the traffic.一名警察在指挥交通。
A new manager came to direct the project.一位新经理来管理这项工程。 ◎adj. 直接的；亲身的; 直率的；径直的
His death was a direct result of your action.他的死是你的行为直接造成的后果。 We are looking for somebody with direct experience of this type of work. 我们在寻找对这种工作有过亲身体验的人。
a direct answer/question直截了当的回答；坦率的问题 a direct flight (= a flight that does not stop)直飞航班 ◎adv. 直接地；径直地
We flew direct to Hong Kong.我们直飞香港。
The 10.40 goes direct to Shanghai. 10:40这班火车直达上海。 【拓展】
directly /d??rektli/
◎adv. 直接地；径直地；坦率地
He drove her directly to her hotel.他驾车直接把她送到了她下榻的旅馆。 She looked directly at us.她正视着我们。
He's directly responsible to the boss.他直接对老板负责。 ◎conj. 一…就…（引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as） I went home directly I had finished work. 我一干完活就回家了。
46. star in 担任主角；主演
Who is to star in the movie has not been finally decided yet. 由谁来主演这部电影尚未敲定.
47. outstanding / a?t?st?nd?? / a.突出的；杰出的；显著的
In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films. 1972年他被授予奥斯卡特别奖，以表彰他在电影界的杰出工作。(p18) outstanding player/achievement/success杰出的运动员 / 成绩 / 成就
49. △confidence / ?k?nf?d?ns / n.信心；信念
He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence. 人们热爱和怀念这位伟大的演员，因为他鼓舞人们并增强他们的信心。(p18) have confidence in sb/sth 对某人/某事有信心
She has every confidence in her students' abilities.她完全相信她学生的能力。 I have confidence in myself .我对自己有信心。 with confidence 自信地；肯定地; 把握地
He answered the questions with confidence.他有把握地回答了那些问题。 【拓展】
（1）confident /?k?nf?d?nt/ adj. 确信的；深信的; 有信心的 As time went by, he became more and more confident. 随着时间的推移，他变得越来越自信。
be confident of/about (doing) sth 对（做）某事有信心/把握 We are confident of victory/winning. 我们有信心取得胜利。
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be confident that… 对……有信心/把握
I'm confident that you will get the job.我肯定你能得到那份工作。 （2）confidently /'k?nf?d?ntl?/ adv. 确信地，肯定地; 自信地 I can confidently promise that this year is going to be very different.
我可以信心十足地保证今年将大不一样。
You must act confidently. 你必须表现得自信。
50. △ costume / ?k?stju:m / n.[C]&[U] 服装；戏装
She has four costume changes during the play.她在这出戏里要换四次服装。 He went to the party in a monkey costume.他是打扮成一只猴子去参加聚会的。
51. gesture /'d?est??/
◎n.[C]&[U] 手势；姿势；示意动作 [C]（表明感情或意图的）姿态
Chaplin starred in silent films so he had to make use of gestures and body language to tell his stories.
卓别林主演了无声电影，因此他不得不使用各种各样的手势和身体语言讲述他的故事。(p19) They communicated entirely by gesture. 他们完全用手势交流。
They sent some flowers as a gesture of love to the child.他们送了一些花表示对孩子的爱。 ◎vi.做手势
gesture to sb 对某人做手势/示意某人
He gestured to me that it was time to go. 他示意我该走了。 gesture for sb to do sth示意某人做某事
She gestured for them to come in. 她示意让他们进来。
52. particular / p??t?kj?l?(r) /
◎adj. [只用于名词前] 格外的；特别的；特指的
We must pay particular attention to this point.我们必须特别注意这一点。 I have to know exactly why you are doing a particular job. 我必须明确知道你为什么要做特定的一项工作。
Is there a particular type of book he enjoys?他有特别喜爱的哪一类书籍吗？ be particular about/over sth 对某物讲究/挑剔
She's very particular about her clothes. 她对衣着特别挑剔。
She has already tried her best. Please don’t be too particular about her job. 她已经尽了最大的努力。请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。 ◎n. [常用复数] 细节；细目
The police officer took down all the particulars of the burglary. 这名警察记下了窃案发生的详细情况。
The nurse asked me for my particulars.护士向我询问了我的个人资料。
53. particularly / p??t?kj?l?li / adv. 尤其；特别地；特殊地
Children particularly would burst into laughter at Mr Bean’s behavior. 尤其是孩子们会因憨豆先生的行为会突然大笑起来。(p20)
The lecture was not particularly (= not very) interesting.讲座并不特别精彩。 Traffic is bad, particularly in the city centre.交通状况很差，尤其是在市中心。
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54. occasion / ??ke??n / n. [C] 时刻；时机；场合
On one occasion in a restaurant Mr Bean ordered a steak tartar. 有一次，憨豆先生在一个餐馆里点了一份鞑靼牛排。(p20) on this/that occasion这 / 那次
I've met him on several occasions. 我曾见过他几次。
I'll speak to him about it if the occasion arises .有机会的话，我要跟他谈谈这件事。 Congratulations on your wedding . Let's all celebrate this special occasion. 恭喜您结婚; 让我们一起庆祝这个特别的场合。
Their wedding turned out to be quite a great occasion.他们的婚礼办得相当隆重。
Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.我有时间和孩子们呆一天的机会很少。（occasion指代抽象时间在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when） on occasion(s) 偶尔；偶然；有时
They visit their teacher on occasion. 他们偶尔去拜访老师。 【拓展】
（1）occasional /??ke???nl/ adj. 偶尔的，不经常的
That sort of thing is quite occasional and not regular. 那种事十分偶然,没有规律. She took an occasional glass of wine她偶尔喝杯酒。
（2）occasionally /??ke??n?li/ adv. 偶尔; 偶然; 有时候
We occasionally meet for a drink after work.我们下班后偶尔相聚小酌。
55. budget / ?b?d??t / n.[C]&[U] 预算；开支
It was an interesting experience as it was clear that Chaplin did not keep to a strict budget. 这是一段有趣的经历，因为很明显卓别林没有遵守严格的预算。（p21） The hospital obviously needs to balance the budget each year. 很明显，医院每年都要平衡其收支预算。
a monthly/an annual/a family budget每月 / 年度 / 家庭预算 the education/defence budget教育 / 国防预算 within / over budget未超出/超出预算 a big-budget movie 一部巨额预算的电影
56. actress / ??ktr?s / n. [C] 女演员
That actress talking with our English teacher has acted in four films.
正跟我们的英语老师谈话的那个女演员已经演了四部电影了。（p21） 【拓展】
actor /??kt?(r)/ n. 男演员; 行动者; 参与者
57. slide / sla?d / （slid, slid）
◎vi.&vt.(使)滑动；(使)滑行 ；下滑
I saw a man sliding on a banana skin. 我看见一个男子在香蕉皮上滑了一下。 We slid down the grassy slope. 我们从草坡上滑了下来。 He slid into bed. 他不声不响地钻进被子。
She slid out while no one was looking. 她趁着没人看见溜了出去。
The man slid the money quickly into his pocket. 那人很快把钱塞进自己的口袋。 The US dollar continued to slide. 美元继续贬值。
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