8 He said that he ____________to the United States.
A. had never beenB. had never goneC. was neverD. has never been 正确答案：A
解析：have been to a place的意思是说话时已经去过某地，现在已经回来了；have gone to a place的意思是说话时已经去某地了，现在还没有回来。本句的主句是一般过去时，所以从句应该选择过去完成时，即答案为A，意为“他说他从没去过美国”。
9 This time last year I ____________my holiday in the countryside. A. have
B. was having C. am having D. have had 正确答案：B
解析：根据时间状语this time last year（去年的这个时候），我们可知本句的动词应用过去进行时，所以答案为B，意为“去年的这个时候，我正在乡下度假”。
10 "Where is Mary?"
"She ____________ to school." A. will go B. has been C. has gone D. went 正确答案：C
解析：have been to a place的意思是说话时已经去过某地，现在已经回来了；have gone to a place的意思是说话时已经去某地了，现在还没有回来。分析句意，Mary在说话时去学校了，还没回来，所以答案为C，意为“——玛丽在哪？——她去学校了”。
11 I'm sorry that I____________you had been there already. A. won't know B. didn't know C. don't know
D. haven't known 正确答案：B
解析：从句you had been there already用的是过去完成时，可知动词know应该选用相应的过去时态，所以答案为B，意为“对不起，我不知道你已经到这儿了”。
12 It____________hard when I left the house. A. is raining B. rains
C. was raining
D. will rain 正确答案：C
解析：根据时间状语从句when I left the house（当我离开家的时候）可知主句应表示“天正在下雨”，所以应该选择进行时态。从句用的是一般过去时，主句也应用相应的过去时态，所以答案为C，意思是“当我离开家的时候，天正在下雨”。
13 Tim ____________ a great number of different places in Australia. A. already has visited B. has already visited C. has visited already D. has ever visited 正确答案：B
解析：在完成时态中，副词already和just等应放在助动词have、has、had和动词过去分词之间，所以答案为B，意思是“汤姆已经游览了澳大利亚很多不同的地方”。
14 Up to now, I ____________ very successful. A. am not
B. haven't been C. was not D. were not 正确答案：B
解析：根据时间状语up to now（直到现在），我们可知本句的动词应用完成时态，所以答案为B，意思是“到目前为止我还不是很成功”。
15 The wheat ____________cut three days ago. A. were B. has been C. had D. was
正确答案：D
解析：短语three days ago是一般过去时的时间状语，主语the wheat是不可数名词，所以应选D，意思是“麦子三天前就割了”。
Unit 3 将来时
Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1 One____________if one breaks the law.
A. will be punishedB. will punishC. is being punishedD. has been punished 正确答案：A
解析：one 和punish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。根据条件状语从句if one breaks the law可知punish这个动作没有发生，应该用一般将来时，所以答案为A，意思是“如果一个人触犯法律，就会受到惩罚”。
2 If you____________quiet, I'll tell you what happened. A. beB. are to be C. areD. will be 正确答案：C
解析：如果主句是一般将来时，在条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以本题应选C，意思是“如果你安静下来，我就告诉你发生了什么”。
3 Middle school boys____________not to smoke.
A. always tellB. are told alwaysC. are always told D. is always told 正确答案：C
解析：主语middle school boys是复数，而且与谓语动词tell之间是被动关系，这样可以排除A和D。副词always应该放在助动词和实义动词之间，所以应该选C，意思是“中学男生总是被告知不要抽烟”。
4 If you study hard, you____________the examination. A. has passedB. are passingC. have passedD. will pass 正确答案：D
解析：分析句意，即“如果你好好学习，你就会通过考试”，可知pass这个动作还没有发生，应该用一般将来时，所以选D。
5 John does a lot of housework every evening, but now he ____________his schoolmates with their lessons.
A. help B. is helpingC. helpsD. has helped 正确答案：B
解析：根据but后面的时间状语now可知这一动作正在进行中，应该用现在进行时，所以选B，意思是“约翰每天傍晚做很多的家务活，但是现在他正在帮助他的同学们复习功课”。
6 The song ____________by children.
A. is often sung B. was often sungC. singsD. has often sung 正确答案：A
解析：主语the song 是单数，和谓语动词sing之间是被动关系，而副词often表明是经常发生的动作，应用一般现在时，所以答案为A，意思是“孩子们经常唱这首歌”。
7 By the end of 2020 China ____________much stronger and richer. A. will becomeB. would becomeC. is becomingD. will have become
正确答案：D 解析：根据时间状语by the end of 2020可知本句表示在未来的时间点之前将会完成的动作，应该用将来完成时，所以答案为D，意思是“到2020年末，中国将会变得更加强大、富有”。
8 It ____________years since I last saw you. A. was B. is
C. will be D. has been 正确答案：D
解析：根据时间状语since I last saw you，可知前面的动作是从过去发生一直持续到现在，应该用完成时态，所以选D，意思是“自从我上次看见你已经过去很多年了”。
9 The room____________often cleaned by the worker. A. hasB. will be C. wasD. is 正确答案：D
解析：主语the room 是单数，和谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，而副词often表明是经常发生的动作，应用一般现在时，所以选D，意思是“房间经常由工人打扫”。
10 The railway____________in three years.
A. is completeB. will completedC. has completedD. will be completed 正确答案：D
解析：根据时间状语in three years可知这个动作将要发生，应该用一般将来时态，而主语railway和谓语complete之间是被动关系，所以答案为D，意思是“铁路将在三年内完成”。
11 The Anti-Japanese War____________in 1937 and it____________eight years.
B. was broken out …
正确答案：D
解析：根据时间状语in 1937可知这是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语the
Anti-Japanese Warr和谓语broke out是主动关系，不能用被动语态，所以答案为D，意思是“抗日战争爆发于1937年，持续了8年之久”。
12 ____________you____________there before? A. Have, been B. Have, gone C. Have, been to
D. Have gone to 正确答案：A 解析：本题意为“你以前去过哪儿吗？”，表明说话时双方都不在那个地方，应该用have been to 结构，所以答案为A。
13 Tom ____________ his lessons from seven to eight last night. A. was doing B. had done C. were taken
D. had been taken 正确答案：A 解析：时间状语from seven to eight last night表示的是一段时间，所以应该用过去进行时，意思是“汤姆昨晚从7点到8点这段时间正在学习功课”，所以答案为A。
14 He____________thin. What happened to him? A. was getting B. is getting C. will getting D. had been got 正确答案：B
解析：本句表示的是汤姆现在处于的一种状态，应该用现在进行时态，所以答案为B，意思是“他变得瘦了，发生了什么事情？”。
15 I ____________my homework now. A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished 正确答案：C
解析：此句用现在完成时表示某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，意思是“我现在已经完成了作业”，所以应该选C。
Unit 4 动词的语态
Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1 That factory ____________ nearly 50 years ago. A. has been builtB. had builtC. was builtD. has built 正确答案：C 答案讲解：根据时间状语nearly 50 years ago，可知谓语动词应该用一般过去时；而主语the factory和谓语build之间是被动关系，所以答案为C。句子的意思是：“这个工厂修建于50