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officers, soldiers, officials and criminals who came ashore from the eleven ships of the First Fleet, anchored (停泊) in the port of Sydney. They prepared the way for later immigrants who spread out over the continent.
This is a story of a sleeping land brought to life by Endeavour, the name given to Cook’s ship and the quality given to those who followed him.
The newcomers brought with them domestic animals, plants and tools. They also brought with them new ideas. That accomplishment in turn shaped what Australia is now.
16. According to this passage, Australian history began at the end of the century.
A. sixteenth
B. seventeenth
C. eighteenth D. nineteenth
17. The eastern coast of Australia was named New South Wales in 1770. Who did it?
A. James Cook. B. Arthur Phillip. C. George Washington. D. William Shakespeare.
18. In the early history of Australia the government sent its people there for settlement. A. American C. Spanish
B. French
D. British
19. Arthur Phillip in this passage is referred to as who began to rule
the eastern half of the country in 1778.
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A. an army officer C. a poor farmer
B. a rich businessman
D. a university student
20. “Endeavour” in the passage is likely to be .
A. a ship in which James Cook and his men sailed to Australia B. a group of ships led by Arthur Phillip
C. the courage and bravery of those who came to Australia in the early days and went through lots of difficulties D. both A and C
Passage 3
Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between being a writer and writing. In most cases they are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer.”
The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. Only a few writers were kissed by fortune, however there are thousands more whose work is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer, I had no proposals at all. What I did have was a friend who found me in my room in a New York department building. I didn’t even care that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used typewriter and felt like a good writer.
After a year I still hadn’t got a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I hardly made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who did wondering “What if”. I would keep putting my dream to the test,
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even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the Shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.
21. The passage is meant to .
A. warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experience
B. advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer C. show young people it’s unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fame D. encourage young people to pursue a writing career
22. What can be concluded from the passage? .
A. Good writers often find their work interesting and rewarding B. Writer’s success depends on luck rather than on effort C. Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation D. The chances for a writer to become successful are small
23. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career? .
A. Because he wasn’t able to produce a single book B. Because he hadn’t seen a change for the better C. Because he wasn’t able to have a rest for a whole year D. Because he found his dream would never come true
24. The word “people” in the sentence “?people who did wondering?” in
Paragraph 3 refers to those . A. who think a lot without making a decision B. who regret giving up their career halfway C. who think too much of the positive side of life
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D. who are full of imagination even upon death
25. “Shadowland” in the last sentence refers to .
A. the wonderful land one often dreams about B. the bright future that one is looking forward to
C. the state of uncertainty before one’s final goal is reached D. a word that exists only in one’s imagination
Passage 4
If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.
It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people then did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4, 000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to write.
Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. They have heard about it from older people, and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings. And these have been sung and acted and told for many generations for most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call ‘remembered history’. Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable
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to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.
26. Which of the following ideas is not suggested in the passage? .
A. Where there are no written records, there is no history
B. “Remembered history”, compared with written history, is less reliable C. A written account of our daily activities helps us to be able to answer many questions
D. Written records of the past play an important role in our learning of the
human history
27. We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because .
A. there was nothing worth being written down at that time B. the people there ignored the importance of keeping a record C. the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fire D. the people there did not know how to write
28. “Remembered history” refers to . A. history based on a person’s imagination
B. stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth C. songs and dances about the most important events D. both B and C
29. “Remembered history” is considered valuable only when . A. it is written down
B. no written account is available C. it proves to be true D. people are interested in it