序1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 牛津初中英语8A Unit1 Friends复习要点 Chinese English 喝(吃)的东西 something to drink/eat 更多一些食物 some more food 没有任何别的东西 nothing else 一个八年级学生 a Grade 8 student 写信给某人(有关有事/某人) write to sb. (about sth./sb.) 举办一次写作/绘画比赛 hold a writing/drawing competition 愿意/乐意做某事 be willing to do sth. = be ready/glad to do 在任何时候 （at）any time 给需要座位的人让座 give seats to people in need 【基础知识精讲】
1.Something
（1）不定代词，意思是“某事；某物”，
常用在肯定句中。如：
We have something interesting to tell you. 我们有一些有趣的事告诉你。
I want something to drink. 我想喝点东西。
（2）用在疑问句中往往是向别人提出请求。如：
Can I have something to drink ? She has poor eyesight because of too much computer work at night. 她因为夜里做了大量的电脑工作，所以她的视力不好。
5． bore , bored 和boring (1) bore 作及物动词，意思是“使厌倦”“使枯燥”。如：
That lesson bored the students.那堂课使学生厌倦。
His father’s words bored him to yesterday.
尼克昨天被公共汽车撞倒了。 11．think of
动词短语，意思有“想起”“记起”“考虑”等；类似的短语还有：
think about(思考，考虑)；think over(仔细考虑)等。如：
I can’t think of your name. 我想不出他的名字。
We are thinking of/about going to 10 环球旅行 travel around the world 11 和….. 一样 as… +(形容词或副词原级) + as …. 不如…… not as/so…+ (形容词或副词原级) + as …. 12 保守秘密 = less keep a secret / keep secrets …+ (形容词或副词原级) +.. than…. 13 使我快乐 make作使役动词 make me happy (make + 宾语 + 形容词) 让我笑 make me laugh (make sb. do sth.) 14 走过 walk past …. =pass… 15 把….撞翻 knock … over (代词放中间) 16 告诉某人某事 tell sb. sth. 告诉某人有关某事 tell sb. about sth. 17 讲笑话 tell (funny) jokes 开某人的玩笑 play a joke on sb 18 说某人的坏话 say a bad word about sb. 19 视力差 have poor eyesight 20 (富)有幽默感 have a (good) sense of humour 21 因为/由于 because of(+名词/代词/名词性短语) 22 感到无聊/不开心 feel bored/ unhappy 23 与…..混合在一起 get mixed up with …. 24 对某人很大方 be generous to sb. 25 投票给某人/投票选举某人 vote for sb. 26 努力（不）做某事 try (not) to do sth. 尽力做某事 try/do one’s best to do sth. 27 A和B两者都…. both A and B…. 28 所有的这些户外活动 all of these outdoor activities 29 倾听人们的难题 listen to people’s problems 帮助人们解决难题 help people solve problems 30 一个社会工作者 a social worker 31 与某人交朋友 make friends with sb. 32 高兴做某事 be happy to do sth. 33 分享某人的快乐 share one’s joy 34 面带微笑 wear a smile on one’s face 35 同意某人的意见（或所说的话） agree with sb. 同意某件事（计划，安排等） agree to sth. 经过协商在某件事在达成一致 agree on sth. 同意做某事 agree to do sth. 36 在左边的那个男孩 the boy on the left 37 希望做某事 hope to do sth. 38 在将来 in the future 39 你们杂志的一个读者 a reader of your magazine 40 在午餐期间 during lunchtime 41 给某人提意见 give sb. advice 42 对….很了解 know …very well 43 在某事上有困难 have some problems with sth. 做某事有困难 have some problems (in) doing sth. 44 在隔壁 next door = in the next room/flat/house 45 因…..而出名 be famous for…. 作为…..而出名 be famous as….. 我能喝点东西吗？
Could I have something delicious to eat ? 我可以吃点美味的东西吗？
2. Share 动词，意思是“分享、合用”常用
词组share sth with sb。如： Eddie never shares food with Hobo 埃迪从不和霍波共享食物。
Mary shared her umbrella with me. 玛丽让我和她合用她的雨伞。 3.Make 动词，意思是“ 使，让”，它的宾
语后面常接宾语补足语，其常用结构是：make sb do sth和 make +宾语 +adj,如：
Her words made me sad.她的话使我很难过。 He tells funny jokes and always makes me laugh.他讲滑稽的笑话，总是让我发笑。 4.Willing形容词，意思是“愿意的，乐
意的”.常用在:“be willing to do sth ”
这一巨型中，表示“愿意做某事”。如： I am willing to help you.我乐意帮助你。 The boy is not willing to stay at home by himself.那个男孩不愿一个人呆在家里。 3． in need
短语，意思是“有需求的” “处于需求状态的”。如：
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难之交才是真朋友。
She is willing to help people in need.
她乐于帮助需要帮助的人们。 4． Because 和 because of
连词because，后接从句，表原因；短语because of 也可表示“因为”， 它后接名词、名词短语或代词。如： I must go home now because it is too late.
我现在必须回家了，因为太晚了。 He didn’t go to school because he was ill yesterday.
He didn’t go to school because of his illness.
他昨天没有上学，因为他生病了。 1
death. 他父亲的话使他烦的要死。 (1) bored 作形容词，意思是“感到
厌倦”，主语通常是人。如：
Xiao Ming feels bored at home. 小明在家觉得无聊。
Do you feel bored when you are alone ? 当你独自一人时，你觉得无聊吗？ (2) boring 作形容词，指人或事物性
质，意为“令人厌烦的”。如：
I think playing computer games is boring. 我认为玩电脑游戏很无聊。
The meeting is boring. 那个会议令人厌烦。 8. wear
动词，意思是“穿，戴”也可表示“带着”。与put on 的区别，wear 强调的
是状态；put on强调的是动作。
May likes wearing a dress. 梅喜欢穿连衣裙。
He put on his raincoat and went out. 他穿上雨衣出去了。 9. fit
(1) 作及物动词，意为“适合”。
如：
The coat doesn’t fit me. 这件大衣不适合我。
These keys don't fit the lock. 这些钥匙不配这把锁。
（2）作不及物动词，意为“适合”“合身”。如：
They don’t fit together. 它们不相配。
My clothes fit well. 我的衣服很合身。 10. knock
动词，意思是“敲”，如：
Alan is knocking at the door. 艾伦正在敲门。 Knock over ,意思是“打翻”，“打倒”，“撞倒”。如： Betty knocked over the cups on the table.
贝蒂把桌子上的杯子碰掉了。
Nick was knocked over by a bus America for our holiday.
我们考虑到美国去度假。
I must think over this question. 我必须仔细想一想这题。 12．vote
动词，意思是“投票”“选举”。常用词组Vote for（投票赞成）
vote against（投票反对）。如： We will vote for/ against you. 我们将投票选举你/不选举你。
You are only fifteen. You are too young to vote.
你只有十五岁，还不到投票的年龄。 13．advice
不可数名词，意思是“忠告，建议”，通常用以下几种方式来表达其数量：
a piece of advice, some pieces of advice some advice.
Can you give me some advice about this article?
你能就这篇文章提些建议吗？ 14．Can I have some more food too? 我还能在吃一点食物吗？
More 在这里不是比较级，意思是“另外的”，“附加的”，常用来修饰名词。如：
Have some more tea! 再来点茶吧！ We need three more minutes to think about it.
我们要再用三分钟考虑这事。 15．There is nothing else in the fridge. 冰箱里没有别的东西了。
else 和 other 都能表示“别的”，但是词性和用法有所不同。 （1）else 作副词时，常后置修饰疑问副词；作形容词时，常后置修饰不定代词
和疑问代词。如：
What else do you want to say ? 你
还想说什么？
Where else did you search just now?
你刚才还搜索了哪里？
（2）other 作形容词修饰名词时，置于名词之前。“the other +单数名词”指
“两者中的另一个”；“ the other +
复数名词”指“除去整体中的一个或一部
分之后剩下来的全部”；“any other +单数名词”泛指“其他当中的任何一个” “other +复数名词”泛指“其他所有的”。如：
I am looking for the other boy. 我正在寻找两个男孩子中的另一个。 I am looking for the other students. 我正在寻找剩下来的一部分学生。 Max is taller than any other student in our class. 马克思在我们班上比任何一个学生都要高。 Don’t bother her. She has other things to do. 不要打扰她，她还有其他的事要做。
16． We have been best friends for a long time. 我们成为好朋友已经很久了。
26I never feel bored or unhappy when he is with me.(划线处是时间状语从句) 27I hope to become a famous singer ? hope to do sth. / hope that 从句
e.g. I hope him to become a wonderful singer. (改错) _________________________
28I don’t know how to talk to my new classmates./ I don’t know how I shall talk to my new classmates.
country is getting ________ ________ ① to have or share the same idea,
_____________. feeling etc. ② be good at or fond of music EXX： ③ to use and have something with I. 同义句改写： others 1. Li Lei has many apples. Jim has more ④ a shape with four same sides and
apples. four right angles Jim has _______ ______ ________ Li ⑤ someone in his or her teens Lei. ⑥ very well known 2. Wu Dong runs fastest in his class. ⑦ good—looking 这是一个现在完成时的句子，“have +过去分词”够成现在完成时， 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。如：
They have been in China for five years. 他们在中国已有五年了。 The old man has been dead for two years. 那个老人去世两年了。
17．Peter is the tallest of the six students. 彼得是六个学生中最高的。
最高级后面常用of 或in 短语表示比较范围。of短语表示具体的比较对象， 而in短语则表示一个范围.如：
He is the strongest of the three. 他是三个同学中最强壮的。
Lesson one is the easiest of the seven lessons. 第一课是七课当中最简单的。 She is the slimmest in her class. 她是班上最苗条的。
Jack’s drawing is the most beautiful in our class. 杰克的画是我们班上最漂亮的。 18．Millie is as tall as Kitty. 米莉和基蒂一样高。
as +形容词原级+as…… 意思是“与……一样”
not as +形容词原级+as…… 意思是“与……不一样” English is as important as Chinese. 英语和汉语一样重要。
This story is not as interesting as that one. 这个故事没有那个有趣。 19. You’re so kind.
? be kind / polite / helpful /generous to sb.
It’s kind/ polite / friendly of sb. to do sth. / It’s important for sb. to do sth.
e.g. He is very kind. He helps me with my English. ?二合一__________________________
20. Can I have some more food too?
? 数量词+more +名词 = another +数量词+名复/ some(no; a little; many; much; a few) +more +名词
e.g. He wants to have two more cakes.____________________________________ 21. What about the pizza in your bowl?
? What/ How about (doing) sth? / What about sb./one’/s doing sth?
1. There’s nothing else in the fridge._______________________________________ ? something/ anything/ nothing + else ; what/who/where +else; somebody else’s +n. other +n.
e.g.What else can you see in thepicture?=_________________________________ 22Do you believe what she says?(划线处是宾语从句。语序必须用陈述语序)
Do you know ____________________________________(他正在干什么)？
23I think that to be helpful and polite is quite important.= I think it is quite important to be helpful and polite. / It’s very important for us to be friendly.
I think __________________________________________(对我们来说帮助别人是很重要的)
24She is as slim as I am.= Both she and I are slim./Not only she but also I am slim./She as well as I is slim.
25We have been best friends for a long time.
? have/ has been + n./adj. for some time. (现在完成时强调过去的动作一直延续到现在。它是助动词have/has +过去分词构成)
e.g. He ____________________________________(成为一个医生)for five years. = He ________ a doctor five years _________. e.g. I don’t know what I can do now.=I don’t know ____________________ .
III.Grammar:
1. She has short hair. (形容词作定语)/
Her hair is short.(形容词作表语) 2. Sandy’s hair is longer than Millie’s
hair. (两者之间用比较级) / Millie’s hair is not as long as Sandy’s.
My book is more interesting than his book. / His book is not as interesting as mine./ His book is less interesting than mine.
记住：much; a little; a lot; even; still等修饰比较级。
? A… +比较级+ than B ? B is not as +原级+ as A
3. He is the tallest boy in my class.(三者
以上用最高级) / He is taller than any other boy in my class.
? A … the +最高级+sth./ sb. ? A… +比较级than any other +名单
4. A… as +原级+as B (程度相同用原
级)
5. A…not as/so +原级as B (程度不同) e.g. 1)Swimming is not as interesting as
hiking.= Hiking is more interesting than swimming.
2) Cycling is as dangerous as diving.=
Cycling is dangerous, so is diving./ Both _________ and ___________ ______ dangerous. / Not only __________ but also diving _____ dangerous. / Cycling ______ ____ ________ diving _______ dangerous.
6. The +比较级+句子，the +比较级+句
子 ‘越……越……’
e.g.你工作越细心，你犯的错误就越少. The __________ __________ you are, ______ _______you’ll make mistakes.
7. 比较级+and +比较级 ‘越来越……’
e.g.我们的国家变得越来越强壮。Our 2
Wu Dong runs _______ ______ _________ _________ students in his class. No one _______ ______ _________ ___________ Wu Dong. 3．I like Chinese better than maths. I ______ Chinese __________ maths. 4．She has been in this school for 3 years . She ___________ to this school _______ _____ _____. 5．Jane arrived here earlier than the other two girls. Jane arrived here _________ __________ the three girls. 6．I believe what he says. I believe ___________ _____________. II. 改错： 1. Climbing hills is so exciting as skiing. ________________ 2. He is much taller than student in his class. _______________ 3. Parents and teachers should give children some good advices on study. _____________ 4. Her hair is a little longer than me. ______________ 5. They make her looks really pretty and kind. ______________ 6. When I feel boring, I go on the Internet. _________________ 7. The more careful we do our homework, the fewer mistakes we will make. _______________ 8. It is colder in Beijing than Shanghai in winter. ________________ 9. Beijing is more beautiful than any other city in Australia. ________________ 10. She is more younger than Tom. 【同步练习及讲解】 一.词汇 1． 根据英文释义写出正确的单词 ⑧ public notice in newspaper and
TV to attract public attention 2. 根据汉语提示用单词的正确形式填空 ① Mum and Dad ask me to be (诚实). ② I often help my friends (解决) problems. ③ She has straight , (齐肩的) hair. ④ Our English teacher has a good sense of (幽默). ⑤ Good friends can keep (秘密). ⑥ Stephen often wears glasses because of bad (视力). ⑦ They are (乐意) to
help others. ⑧ Tom likes to play (玩
笑) on everyone. 二 单项选择
1 ． Daniel doesn ’ t run Simon. A. as quick as B. so quick as
C. as quickly as D. so faster as
2. Have you got to tell us? A. anything new B. new
nothing C. new something D. nothing new
3. We have lots of cakes here. What about one? A. other B. the other C.
another D. others 4. “ do you want to have ?” “Nothing.”
A. What other B. Else what C. What else D. Other what 5. She stayed at home on Saturday the heavy rain. A. because B. since C.
because o f D. as
6. It is difficult job that none of us can works it out. A. so a B. such a C. a rather D. very a 7. China is larger than in Asia. A. any country B. any other country C. other country D. another country 8. Kate has books than Tom. A. fewer B. few C. less D. little 9. This question is more difficult than that one.
A. so B. quite C. a little D. every 10. We went to Miss Zhou . She gave me .
A. some advice B. advices
C. an advice D. some advices 11. “I am sorry to keep you waiting.”
“Oh, not at all. I here only a few minutes.” A. have been B. had been C. was D. will
12. children there are in a family, our life will be.
A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. More; poorer 三．单句改错
1. There are much more boys in my class than in yours. 2. He is more younger than Mary. 3. We have nothing farther to say. 4. Is there someone who would like to go with me? 5. Is Nick a friend of you? 6. Timmy studies harder than any student in her class. 7. The more careful we do our homework, the fewer mistakes we will make. 8. How do you think of the film?
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