浙江科技学院毕业设计
浙 江 科 技 学 院 本 科 毕 业 设 计
(2009届)
题 目 “碧水一号”水面垃圾收集船设计 学 院 机械与汽车工程学院 专 业 机械设计制造及其自动化 班 级 机制052 学 号 105011036 学生姓名 蒋扬峰 指导教师 陈 宁 完成日期 2009.06.12
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浙江科技学院毕业设计
“碧水一号”水面垃圾收集船设计
学生:蒋扬峰 指导老师:陈宁 教授
摘要
本文主要对水面垃圾收集船主体进行详细的设计、计算、校核、选型。分析了水面垃圾收集船需要实现的功能要求，了解了同类水面垃圾收集船的工作原理，基本结构，系统组成及功能；研究了“碧水一号”水面垃圾收集船的系统构成及功能，各零部件的的设计方法以及系统的实现方式。
“碧水一号”垃圾收集船是一种解决水面漂浮垃圾问题的一种新型机械设备，它有操作简便、安全可靠和造价低廉等特点，适合于城市河道、湖泊及风景区等水域环境推广使用。“碧水一号”水面垃圾收集船主要针对的是城市和风景区河道、湖泊水域的水面垃圾收集。根据调查和分析，城市和风景区河道、湖泊水域的水面垃圾主要有烂蔬菜、塑料袋、软包装、饮料盒、塑料泡沫等。所以收集船采用钢丝网翻斗作为垃圾的收集机构，这样易于收集垃圾，而且可以使水从网洞中流走，从而收集的大部分都是垃圾。因为垃圾很可能堆积在在两侧的江岸、堤坝、湖边及拐角回流区，所以该垃圾收集船采用了一个可以把垃圾从角落拨到垃圾收集水域的可动的挡板引导装置。为了提高水面垃圾收集的收集效率，船要有连续收集的能力，所以水面垃圾收集船的收集机构采用具有循环工作能力的四杆机构。另外，为了使船具备在无动力的情况下的收集能力，该水面垃圾收集船采用了一个叶轮，使垃圾进入收集水域。
设计主要包括了水面垃圾收集船的结构，装配，选材，电机选择，以及标准件的选择。本文对设计中，水面垃圾收集船的结构图，装配图，零件图，都有详
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浙江科技学院毕业设计
细的说明。
关键词：船 垃圾收集 漂浮物 环境保护
The Desgin of A New Washing Machine Of Bearing
Student: Yangfeng Jiang Advisor: Dr. Ning Chen
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering
Zhejiang University of Science and Technology
Abstract
This paper is mainly about the detailed design, calculation, verification & selection of the floating refuse collection boat. It analyzes the functional requirements which the floating refuse collection boat have to meet. It understands the working principle, basic structure, composition and functions of the similar refuse collection vessel, and it studies system structure, function, design methods of parts and the realization of the “green water NO.1”floating refuse collection boat.
“Green water NO.1”floating refuse collection boat is a new type of mechanical equipment to solve the problem of floating refuse on the water .It is easy-operation, reliable and low cost and suitable for urban rivers, lakes and scenic areas and so on. “Green water NO.1”floating refuse collection boat is aimed primarily at collecting the floating refuse in urban and scenic rivers, lakes. According to the survey and analysis,
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浙江科技学院毕业设计
there are rotten vegetables, garbage, plastic bags, flexible packaging, beverage bottles, and plastic foam in urban and scenic rivers, lakes. Therefore, the floating refuse collection boat uses a steel mesh dump as the refuse collection mechanical body, which can make the boat collect refuse easily and can make the water flow away from the refuse, leaving the refuse alone. Because the refuse is likely to accumulate in the river on both sides, the dam, the lake and the corner recirculation zone, the refuse collection boat use a movable guide device which can move the refuse from the corner of the waters to the refuse collection area. In order to improve the refuse collection efficiency in the collection and make it enable to collect refuse continuously, so this boat uses a 4-stick mechanical body as refuse collection mechanical body. In addition, in order to make it have the collection capacity in the case of no power, the refuse collection boat uses an impeller which can move refuse into the collection area.
This design includes structure, assembly, material, electrical choice and the choice of standard parts of the floating refuse collection boat. In this paper, the design of the floating refuse collection boat, assembly, parts map have detailed instructions. Keywords：Boat；Refuse collection；Floats；Environment protection
目录
中文摘要 ........................................................... I Abstract .......................................................... II 目录 ............................................................. III 第1章 绪论 ....................................................... 1
1.1 设计的背景与意义 ........................................... 1 1.2 国内外的水面垃圾收集的情况 ................................. 2 1.3 设计的性质和任务 ............................................ 3 第2章 “碧水一号”水面垃圾收集船设计相关基础――虚拟装配技术〔3〕 .... 4
2.1 基本概念 ................................................... 4
2.1.1虚拟装配............................................... 4 2.1.2装配关系............................................... 4 2.1.3装配约束 ............................................... 5
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浙江科技学院毕业设计
2.2 基于装配约束的产品设计 ..................................... 6
2.2.1基于装配约束的CAD设计思想〔4〕........................... 6 2.2.2基于装配约束的产品CAD设计方法 ......................... 6 2.3 本设计采用的设计软件――Solidworks2007 ..................... 6 第3章 机电传动及其控制系统 ........................................ 8
3.1 机电传动 ................................................... 8 3.2 控制系统 ................................................... 8 第4章 机械设计简介 ............................................... 10
4.1 设计准则 .................................................. 10 4.2尺寸公差和表面粗糙度........................................ 11 第5章 水面垃圾收集船主机原理方案构思和拟定 ....................... 13
5.1 整体方案 .................................................. 13 5.2 方案创新点 ................................................ 14
5.2.1叶轮机构 .............................................. 14 5.2.2间歇翻斗机构 .......................................... 15 5.2.3挡板机构 .............................................. 15 5.2.4外观结构设计 .......................................... 15 5.2.5挡布设计 .............................................. 15 5.2.6其他 .................................................. 15 5.3 船体结构和尺寸设计 ........................................ 16
5.3.1船体结构设计 .......................................... 16 5.3.2船体尺寸设计 .......................................... 16 5.4 机构设计 ......................................................... 16
5.4.1挡板引导装置的设计 .................................... 16 5.4.2叶轮的设计 ............................................ 17 5.4.3间歇性翻斗机构的设计 .................................. 18 5.4.4动力驱动机构的设计 .................................... 19 5.4.5方向控制机构的设计 .................................... 19 5.4 虚拟装配 ......................................................... 20
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