Good Usage （Para. 19）
melt down all the gold medals and cups the 24-carat friendship I felt for have had …in mind
not winning but taking part
not conquering but fighting well
Key Words and Expressions for Text A
all-time a. being the greatest, biggest, most, etc., ever known 前所未闻的；空前的
e.g. 1. After nearly a month of heavy rain, the water in the lake had reached an all-time high.
2. The president's popularity nationally is at an all-time low. 总统在全国的人气目前正处于历史最低点。
discipline vt. train or develop, esp. in self-control and obedience训练；训导；管教
e.g. 1. Though (he is) very busy, he disciplines himself to exercise at least twice a week.
2. Out on the golf course you must discipline yourself to let go of detailed theory. 在高尔夫球场上，你必须训练自己做到不拘泥于细枝末节的理论。
have one’s eye on sth. infml have sth. as an aim; have a wish for sth.〖非正式〗以……为目标；想要……
e.g. 1. Jack isn’t content with his present job, so he has his eye on a new one.
2. Mark has his eye on the captaincy of the basketball team. 马克一心想当那支篮球队的队长。
kind of infml in a certain way; rather; slightly 〖非正式〗有点儿；有几分；相当 e.g. 1. I was kind of disappointed when I found that my mailbox was still empty.
2. It was kind of strange to see him again. 再看到他有点奇怪。
win (sb./ sth.) hands down infml win sb. or sth. very easily 〖非正式〗轻易取胜
e.g. 1. Your team is much stronger than theirs; it’s obvious that you’ll win them hands down.
2. If she's on her game, she can win the match hands down.
如果竞技状态好的话，她可以轻而易举地赢得这场比赛。
be in for be about to have (sth. unpleasant) 肯定会经历，注定要遭受（不愉快的事情） e.g. 1. I’m afraid we’re in for a storm.
2. Whoever breaks the school windows will be in for trouble! 无论谁打破了学校的窗子，都要受罚。
under wraps infml kept secret from the public〖非正式〗不公开的；不对外泄漏的 e.g. 1. The documents about this research project will be kept under wraps for ten years.
2. As introduction day approached, the dealers would keep their new cars under wraps. 样车介绍之日临近，承销商会把他们的新车严密地裹起来。
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hot under the collar angry or excited and ready to argue恼怒的，气冲冲的 e.g. 1. Fred will get hot under the collar if you play a joke on his younger sister.
2. He became hot under the collar when he realized that he had been cheated. 当他意识到自己被骗时，不禁勃然大怒。
qualify vi. [(for)] be of a high enough standard to enter a competition [常与for连用]获得参赛资格
e.g. 1. Our team didn’t perform well enough to qualify for the second round of the competition.
2. You must qualify yourself for the post.
你必须使自己具备担任这一工作的资格。
make a fool of oneself behave unwisely or in a silly way and lose people’s respect出丑，闹笑话
e.g. 1. I really made a fool of myself when I presented a bunch of roses to Judy, who
surprisingly turned round to kiss the young man behind her.
2. If you go to the wedding in this dress, you'll make a fool of yourself. 你要是穿这件衣服去参加婚礼，你会出丑的。
look the part have the appearance of being a particular kind of person看上去像某一类人
e.g. 1. He’s a very successful businessman, but he doesn’t really look the part, wearing a pair
of worn-out shoes and driving an old car.
2. You'd never guess he was a security guard – he doesn't look the part at all. 你根本就猜不到他是保安，他看上去不是干这一行的。
proceed vi. [(to, with)] rather fml begin or continue in a course of action or set of actions [常与to或with连用]〖较正式〗着手；继续进行
e.g. 1. Angela had a cup of tea and proceeded to tell us every detail about what had happened
to her husband during the war.
2. We're not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale. 我们不确定是否还要继续减价促销。 CF: advance, progress, proceed, move on, go 这些动词均含―前进，行进，进展‖之意。
advance 主要用于具体的人或物，也可指科学技术和运动等。
progress 指按某一既定目标前进，取得发展，目的性很明确，强调经常和稳定地前进。
proceed 侧重指继续前进。
move on 非正式用语，侧重从某一停止点向某地前进，但不表示前进的目的地。 go 最常用词，含义宽泛而不确切，依上文确定其具体意思。
congratulate vt. [(on)] express one’s pleasure, praise, or admiration for (sb.) because of a happy event or sth. successfully done [常与on连用]祝贺，向……道贺
e.g. 1. My friends congratulated me on having passed the swimming test.
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2. She congratulated him on the birth of his son. 她祝贺他喜得贵子。 CF: celebrate, congratulate
这两个动词均有―庆祝，祝贺‖之意。
celebrate 通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面。
congratulate 指对他人祝贺为目的，希望他人幸福或走运。
despite prep. fml in spite of; not prevented by〖正式〗不管；尽管，任凭
e.g. 1. She went on with her training despite the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.
2. Despite a thorough investigation, no trace of Dr Southwell has been found. 尽管进行了彻底的调查，还是没有发现索思韦尔博士的任何踪迹。 Collocation:
despite oneself 不由自主地；身不由己地
e.g. Despite herself Fran felt a ripple of appreciation for his beauty.
弗兰不由自主地欣赏他的勃勃英姿。 CF: despite, in spite of, notwithstanding
这些前置词或前置短语都含有―虽然，尽管‖之意。
despite 书面用词，指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍，语气轻于in spite of。
in spite of 在这些词中语气最强，可与despite换用，口语或书面语中均可使用。 notwithstanding 语气最弱，仅表示一种障碍的存在。
fake a. made and intended to deceive假（装）的，冒充的，伪造的
e.g. 1. She likes to wear fake diamond necklaces and always keeps the real ones in her safe.
2. He looked like a postman but he was really a fake one. 他看上去像个邮递员，但实际上是个骗子。 CF: fake, false
这两个形容词都含有―假的‖之意。 fake 指某物不是真的。
false 指某物与真的相像，强调看上去像真的，不一定用作冒充、谎骗。
grip n. a very tight, forceful hold紧握
e.g. 1. Don’t loosen your grip on the rope or you’ll fall.
2. To improve your tennis strokes you try using a different grip. 为了提高你网球的击球法，你试试用另一种握拍方法。 Collocation:
come / get to grips with 与……战斗
e.g. British forces never came to grips with the enemy.
英国部队从未与敌人交过手。
get a grip （非正式）保持（或恢复）自控能力，控制住自己 e.g. Get a grip, guys!
冷静点，伙计们。
get / take a grip on 控制，支配
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e.g. Hypochondria began to take a grip on him.
他开始陷入莫名的忧郁之中。
in the grip of 受……的控制（或支配） e.g. Britain was in the grip of a nostalgia boom.
英国笼罩着日趋浓厚的怀旧氛围。
CF: take, grasp, grab, grip, clasp, clutch, snatch, seize 这些动词均有―抓住，握紧‖之意。
take 最普通用词，不带感情色彩。指用手抓、取某东西或控制某物。 grasp 指紧紧抓住、抓牢。 grab 指粗暴而急迫的抓住。
grip 语气比grasp强，指用手的最大力量紧紧抓住。 clasp 指用手紧握或用臂紧抱。
clutch 强调匆忙、紧急地抓、抓紧。
snatch 指突然抢走，侧重动作更快或更具暴力性质。 seize 指突然抓住某物，强调突然的猛烈动作。
melt down make (a metal object) liquid by heating, esp. so as to use the metal again熔化掉(金属物)
e.g. 1. During wartime many of the city’s bronze statues were melted down and used to make weapons.
2. A lot of scrap metal can be melted down and used again. 大量金属碎片可以熔化进行再利用。
Difficult Sentences for Text A
1) While I was going over on the boat, all I could think about was taking home one or two of
those gold medals. (Para. 2)
Q：What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?
A：Since I had made sufficient preparation for the Games by training and disciplining myself
for six years, I was fully confident of winning in the Games. Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：我乘船渡海，所思所想的就是夺一两枚金牌回家。
2) I was in for a surprise. (Para. 3)
Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：When everyone believed I would easily win the gold medal, and while I myself was fully
confident, I was going to be shocked by the real challenge: a German athlete who performed so well that he stood a good chance of winning the gold medal in the running broad jump. It turned out that Hitler, for the sake of his political purpose, had intentionally kept this athlete unknown to the world. Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese. A：事情却令我措手不及。
3) You should be able to qualify with your eyes closed. (Para. 11)
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Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：I know the trials are only too easy for you, so what stands in your way of qualifying for the finals is not lack of competence but something emotional. Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese. A：你本来闭着眼睛也能获得决赛资格。
4) We laughed over the fact that he really looked the part, though. (Para. 13) Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：In stature(身高) and appearance he did look the very image of the perfect Aryan portrayed
in Nazi propaganda, which we both found amusing, given that neither of us believed in Hitler’s Aryan-superiority theory.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：当然，他看起来的确很有优势，这一事实让我俩开怀大笑。
5) But I knew that he wanted me to do my best—even if that meant my winning.(Para. 17) Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：In Long’s eyes, taking part and doing one’s best was far more important than winning the gold medal. Even if he knew that he would lose the gold medal if I won, he still cherished the hope that I would try my best and achieve my peak performance in the finals the next day.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：但是，我知道他希望我发挥最佳水平—— 即使这意味着将夺冠的是我。
6) …it wasn’t a fake ―smile with a broken heart‖ sort of grip,…(Para. 18) Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：Long congratulated me with genuine happiness. He was not jealous of my achievements
but very truly pleased and proud of me. Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：这一握绝非那种―伤心欲绝却强颜欢笑‖的虚情假意。
Extended Questions
▇ Extended questions (Paras.1-2) Q: What does ―master race‖ mean?
A: A master race is a race of people who believe that they are superior to all other races and therefore have the right to control or rule over others. Hitler and the Nazis believed that the Aryan race, to which Germans belonged, were the master race.
▇ Extended questions (Paras.3-4)
Q: What do you think of Hitler’s intention of keeping Luz Long under wraps?
A: I think it was a crafty plot of Hitler’s. He meant to take advantage of the Olympic Games to prove his Aryan-superiority theory and his intention of making athletes serve his political purpose ran counter to the Olympic spirit.
▇ Extended questions (Paras.13-14)
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