英语专四语法:非限定性从句(不定式、动名词、分词)
英语专业四级考试真题语法点解析:非限定性从句(不定式、动名词、分词)。
非限定性从句（不定式、动名词、分词）
1.____ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2001)
A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall
（D．AC不对是因为动词不定式和动名词的否定结构形式应为not to do, not doing；B动词不定式短语作主语通常表示特定的具体的行为，特别是表示将来的或一次性的行为，To skate on real ice is his dream. D动名词作主语表示抽象一般的概念。Skating on real ice is great fun.）
2.This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals _____ in Africa.
A. hunted B. hunting C. that hunted D. are hunted
（A，完整结构应为：the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals (from being) hunted in Africa;“此举也许既能保护非洲的其他动物不被猎杀，又能使大象免受灭族之灾”）
3.The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel ______. (1998)
A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for staying （C，stay是不及物动词，必须接介词才能跟宾语。）
4. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid _____. (1996) A.
from
being
beaten
B.
being
beaten
C. beating D. to be beaten
（B，avoid后接动名词做宾语。被动，因此B。“避免被对手打败”）
5. He resented _____ to wait. He expected the minister _____ him at once. (1995)
A. to be asked, to see B. being asked, to see C. to be asked, seeing D. being asked, seeing
（B，resent后接动名词，expect后接不定式。）
6.I never regretted _____ the offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (1993) A.
not
to
accept
B. not having accepted C.
having not accepted
D. not accepting
（D, regret doing sth.表示“后悔做过某事”，事情已经发生了，常用动名词的一般形式表示动作已经发生了。）
7.He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder _____ out and three men climbing down it. (1995)
A. throwing B. being thrown C. having thrown D. having been thrown
（B，see可与现在分词或不定式连用，平行结构，后面用了现在分词，这里也用分词；绳梯是被扔出飞机，因此要用被动结构，排除AC；see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe,等词一般不跟分词的完成形式连用。）
8.Professor Johnson is said ____ some significant advance in his research in the past year. (1999)
A. having made B. ** C. to have made D. to make
（C，主语补足语的动作在谓语动词之前发生，用完成时。）
9. AIDS is said _____ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002)
A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having been （C, 同上。）
10.The Minister of Finance is believed _____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue. (2004)
A. that he is thinking B. to be thinking C. that he is to think D. to think
（B，“人们认为财政部长正在考虑通过征收新税来增加政府的额外税入。”B“正在考虑”）
11.The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, _____ by the police each time. (1999) A.
had
been
captured
B. being always captured C.
only
to
be
captured
D. unfortunately captured
（C，“这三人多次企图偷偷越过边界进入邻国，不料每次都被警察抓住。”only to表示出乎意料，通常是不愉快的结果。）
12.This missile is designed so that once ______ nothing can be
done to retrieve it. (1995)
A. fired B. being fired C. they fire D. having fired
（A，once连词，一旦，被动，所以A。This missile is designed so that once it is fired …）
13. ______ , he can now only watch it on TV at home. (1998) A. Obtaining not a ticket for the match B. Not obtaining a ticket for the match
C. Not having obtained a ticket for the match D. Not obtained a ticket for the match
（C，分词短语的动作在主句动作之前发生，用分词的完成形式。）
14.Arriving at the bus stop, ______ waiting there. (1994) A.
a
lot
of
people
were
B. he found a lot of people C.
a
lot
of
people
D. people were found
（B，空处的逻辑主语与arrive保持一致。）
15._____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (1994)