in place of 代替
[练习] 用in + n. + of构成的词组填空。
1). A monument was set up ______ ______ ______ the dead soldiers.
2). He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业)______ ______ ______his late wife. 3). If you are ______ ______ ______ anything, don’ t hesitate to let me know. 4). In the discussion, I was ______ ______ ______ Mr. Li.
答案：1). in memory/honour of 2). in memory of 3). in need of 4). in favor of
3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰 [典例]
1). Don’ t bother to dress up. Come as you are. 用不著穿讲究衣服－－就穿平常的衣服来吧。
2). We’re supposed to dress (ourselves) up as movie characters for the party. 我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色。
[短语归纳] dress短语：
dress up for sth. 为某事而盛装 dress up as sb. 打扮成为某人 be dressed in 穿着(衣服或颜色) dress sb./oneself 给某人或自己穿衣服 [练习] 用dress构成的词组填空。
1). The boy ______ ______ ______ a short pant.
2). He ______ ______ ______ Christmas Father to amuse the children.
3). The kids are too young to ______ ______, so she has to ______ ______ every morning. 答案：1). was dressed in 2). dressed up as 3). dress themselves; dress them
4. play a trick/tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑；对某人施计谋 [典例]
The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。 [短语归纳]
play a joke/jokes on sb. = make fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 [练习] 填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). He was let in by playing a trick _______ (介词) the guard. 2). She hated _______ (play) tricks on in public. 答案：1). on 2). being played
5. look forward to 盼望；期待 [典例]
1). I’m looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我期待暑假见到你。 2). I’ m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。
[短语归纳] 短语中to是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式： lead to导致；通向 object to反对 refer to查阅；提到 stick to粘住；坚持 add to 增加 add up to 总计 compare......to 把……比作 see to 负责，处理 get close to接近；差点 get down to着手做…… get/be used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意……
put an end to 结束，停止 admit to 承认 devote...to 贡献……给；致力于…… [练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The boy hurried forward ______ (see) the world-famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to ______ (see) it for a long time.
2). The day I had been looking forward to ______ (come).
3). I used to ______ (get) up late, but now I’ m used to ______ (get) up early. 答案：1). to see; seeing 2). came 3). get; getting
6. turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等) [典例]
1). It’ s time for the meeting, but he hasn’ t turned up. 到开会的时间了，但他还没到。
2). Please turn up the radio. I want to listen to the news. 请把收音机音量调大, 我想听听新闻。 [短语归纳] turn 短语：
turn on打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等) turn off 关上 turn down减弱，降低，拒绝
turn around/about 转过身来 turn away 转过头
turn out生产，制造；(常与to, that连用)结果是 turn to sb./sth. (for help) 向……求助，查阅 [练习] 用turn词组填空。
1). Don’ t worry. The file is sure to ______ ______.
2). Please ______ the television ______ a bit, I can’ t hear clearly. 3). It ______ ______ that it was Tim who broke the vase. 4). The sad child ______ ______ his mother for comfort.
答案：1). turn up 2). turn; up 3). turned out 4). turned to
7. keep one’ s word (= keep one’ s promise) 守信用；履行诺言 [典例]
He never keeps his word. 他从不履行诺言。 [短语归纳] word短语：
break one’ s word/promise 违背诺言，失信 Word came that… 有消息传来说…… leave word 留言，口信 have/say the last word下结论；说了算 have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话 have words with sb. 与某人争吵 take back one’s words 收回自己说过的话 in other words 换句话说，也就是说 in a/one word 总之，简言之 in words 用文字 beyond words 无法用语言表达
[练习] 用word词组填空。
1). His score was only 53. ______ ______ ______, he failed in the exam. 2). Could I ______ ______ ______ with you, Miss Jones?
3). You’ ll find that she is a girl who always ______ ______ ______. 4). ______ ______ _______, I think he’ s a fool.
答案：1). In other words 2). have a word 3). keeps/breaks her word 4). In a word
8. hold one’ s breath 屏息；屏住气 [典例]
1). How long can you hold your breath for? 你能屏住呼吸多久?
2). The audience held its/their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope. 杂技演员走钢丝时, 观众都屏住了呼吸。
[短语归纳] breath短语：
(be) out of/short of breath 呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气 气
lose one’ s breath 气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气
catch one’ s breath屏住气；歇口get one’ s breath 恢复正常呼吸
waste one’ s breath (on sb/sth)（对某人/某事物）白费唇舌 [练习] 用breath短语填空。
save one’ s breath不必白费唇舌
1). He ______ ______ ______ while the results were read out.
2). They won’ t listen, so don’ t ______ ______ ______ telling them. 3). It’ s useless talking to him. You may as well ______ ______ ______. 4). It took us a few minutes to ______ ______ ______ ______after the race. 5). I’ m a bit ______ ______ ______ after my run.
答案：1). held his breath 2). waste your breath 3). save your breath 4). get our breath back 5). out of breath
8. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸 [典例]
1). What time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天几点钟启程?
2). The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people. 恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了六个人。 [短语归纳] set短语：
set off for a place 出发到某地 set out 从某地出发上路 set sth up 摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立 留钱或时间
[练习] 用set词组填空。
set about doing sth开始（某工作）；着手做某事 set out to do sth. 开始做某事 set sth aside 将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保
1). The new government must ______ ______ finding solutions to the country’ s economic problems.
2). The children ______ ______ the fireworks in the yard. 3). She ______ ______ a bit of money every month.
4). They ______ ______a statue in honor of the national hero. 5). They’ ve ______ ______ on a journey round the world.
答案： 1). set about 2). set off 3). sets aside 4). set up 5). set off/out Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。 [解释] as though / as if “好像”, 引导表语从句和方式状语从句： 1). 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened．她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。
当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓语中又含有动词be时, 可把主语和be一起省去。 He looked about as though (he was) in search of something．他四下张望, 好像寻找什么。 2). 引导表语从句
It looks as if it’ s going to rain．看样子天要下雨了。
3). as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气, 完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。
The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好象她是个大人。 [练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The pencil looks as if it _______ (break) with half of it in the glass of water. 2). Li Ming speaks English very well as though he ______ (be) an Englishman. 3). It seems as if our team ______ (be) going to win.
4). He talks about pyramids as though he ______ (see) them himself.
答案： 1). were broken
2). were 3). is 4). had seen
2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. 很明显咖啡店老板在等着李方离开。
[解释] It is/was + adj./n./p.p. + that-clause 结构：
It was obvious/clear that …= obviously/ clearly, … “很明显……，显而易见……” It is necessary/ important/ strange/ natural + that + sb. should do It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder + that + sb. should do
It is said/believed/reported/announced/expected/… + that … [练习] 翻译句子。
1). 真奇怪，这么重要的会议，他居然缺席。
___________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 显然，你错了。
___________________________________________________________________________________ 3). 他竟然向我们撒慌，真是可耻。
___________________________________________________________________________________ 4). 据报道，双方的会谈有进展。
___________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：1). It was strange that he should have been absent from such an important meeting. 2). It is obvious that you are wrong. / Obviously, you’ re wrong. 3). It was a shame that he should have lied to us.
4). It is reported that the talks between the two sides are making progress. 课文要点（模块） Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等） 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
There are all kinds of celebrations 1 （遍及）the world. Different countries have different festivals. Festivals of the Dead are held to honour the 2 (death) or to satisfy the ancestors. Festivals can also 3 (hold) to honour famous people. In China, the Dragon Boat Festival honours the famous 4 （古代的） poet, Ou Yuan. The most energetic and important 5 （节日 ）are Spring Festivals 6 look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in 7 , people eat such things 8 dumplings, fish, and meat and give children lucky money in red paper. Some western countries have very 9 (excite) carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in 10 （二月） .
答案： 1. throughout 2. dead 3 be held 4. ancient 5. festivals 6. which 7. China 8. as 9. exciting 10. February Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力） 阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。 文章告诉了我们世界各地五种重要节日并解释了人民为什么，在何时以及如何举行各种活动来庆祝这些节日。
The passage tells us ____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The passage tells us five kinds of important festivals throughout the world and explains why, when and how people hold different kinds of activities to celebrate them. Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力） 1【原句】．At that time people would starve if（when）food was difficult to find, especially during the cold
winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿 [模仿要点]句子结构： when/ if +从句 ， especially + 强调
【模仿1】在我们遇到麻烦时他总是乐于帮助我们，尤其是在我们在英语学习中遇到困难时。 _________________________________________________________________________________
答案：He is always ready to help us when we are in trouble, especially when we come across some difficulties in our English studies
2【原句】．Today's festivals have many origins, some religions, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。 [模仿要点] 句子结构：“一些…，一些…”表达
【模仿】我非常荣幸有机会和这么多优秀的同学一起学习，有些非常热心，有些非常勤奋，有些非常善良。
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is an honor for me to have the chance to study with so many excellent/ good students, some warm-hearted , some diligent and some kind. 3【原句】 India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：逗号＋同位语＋定语从句
【模仿】我忘不了布朗夫人，她是我的英语老师，在我感到沮丧的时候她总是鼓励我挑战自己。 _________________________________________________________________________________
答案：I will never forget Mrs Brown, my English teacher who always encouraged us to challenge myself when I was disappointed.
4 【原句】The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：…are the ones ＋ 定语从句
【模仿】最有经验最有益的老师是那些不仅教给知识的人而且还是教你如果获取知识的人 _________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The most experienced and helpful teachers are the ones who can not only offer us knowledge but also tell us the way how to gain knowledge.
5【原句】 The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. [模仿要点] 句子结构：分词作定语covered with …插入 looks as if /as though 【模仿】他的房间到处都是各种不同的图书，看上去仿佛是个小图书馆。
_________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：His room, filled with all kinds of books here and there, looks as if it is a small library.