扭力torsion 粘结力bond 剪力shear 推力thrust
压力compression
纵向压力longitudinal compression 力的作用application of force 中心centrally 偏心eccentrical
纵向轴力longitudinal axial force
跨度spans 净宽clear width
净空clearance 跨度span
有效高度effective height 细长度slenderness 全长overall length
悬臂长度length of cantilever 支座supports
自由支座free supports 嵌固长度length of restraint 固端fixed end restraint 拱座桥台abutment
变形deformations 弯曲bending flexion
挠度deflection
双向挠曲deflection in two directions 伸展expansion dilatation 收缩contraction 膨胀swelling
纵向弯曲buckling 受弯压曲flexural 稳定性stabilities
抗倒塌稳定性stability against collapse 抗倾覆稳定性stability against tilting 抗滑移稳定性stability against sliding
建筑知识building knowledge
组织关系organization scheme
建筑物业主building owner、promoter、client
建筑师architect
土木工程师civil engineer 预算师quantity surveyor 总包main contractor 分包subcontractors
- 11 -
工长foreman
技工qualified man 、skilled man 、journeyman 普工unqualified man 、unskilled man
建筑技术工人building craftsmen 、building artisans 瓦工bricklayer
石工mason
混凝土concrete worker
钢筋工rod bender、rod fixer 抹灰工plasterer 木工carpenter
白铁工sheetmetal worker、tin smith 管工plumber 电工electrician
铁匠smith 、locksmith 细木工joiner
五金安装工ironmonger 玻璃工glazier 贴砖工tiler
铺地工floor layer 油漆工painter
裱糊工paperhanger 建筑工程building work
挖土工程excavation work
混凝土工程concrete work
模板工程form work、shuttering work、boxing work 钢筋工程reinforcing work 木工工程carpentry work 白铁工程sheetmetal work 屋面铺瓦工程roof tiling work 防水工程water proofing work 管道工程plumbing work
隔热保温工程insulating work 电气安装electrical installation 锻铁工程blacksmith work
抹灰工程plaster work、rendering work 细木工程joinery work
五金安装工程ironmongery work 玻璃安装工程glazing work 贴砖工程tiling work
水磨石工程terrazzo work
地面铺设工程floor laying work 油漆工程painting work 裱糊工程wallpapering work 建筑材料building materials
- 12 -
石灰lime 水泥cement 石膏gypsum
熟石膏plaster of paris 砂sand
砾石gravel、stone 砖brick
空心砌块hollow block 木材timber
低碳钢、软钢mild steel 瓦roofing tile 油毡roofing felt 钢筋reinforcing 钢管steel pipe
隔热保温材料insulation material 油灰胶泥putty 、mastic 面砖石板tile、slate
涂料（指一般油漆）paint 壁纸wallpaper 标高levels
基准标高datum elevation
板面、梁面等无面层的结构面标高top of slab、top of beam、etc level lf structure without finish
面层顶面，有面层的结构面标高top of finish、level of structure with finish 楼地面标高finished floor level 二层楼板标高floor slab 板底标高soffit 顶面标高top level 底面标高bottom level 缝joins
原浆勾缝jointed
平缝butt joint 凹缝open joint
V型缝splayed joint 伸缩缝expansion joint
密封条sealing strip fugenband 突出protruding projecting 平齐flush bundig 凹进recessed
切口rebate rabbet 榫槽groove 直榫tongue
企口连接tongued and grooved 壁凹与孔洞recesses and openings
- 13 -
洞口opening 墙洞wall opening
开通的open throughout 楼板洞floor opening 壁凹recess
不开通的not open throughout 凹口pocket
洞孔mortice、mortise
预留栏杆洞form mortices for balusters 暗线槽conduit 地沟duct 沟槽channel 墙槽wall conduit 凹槽groove 地槽floor duct
直线与斜线straight and skew 平的plane
斜的skew 直的straight 锥形的tapered 斜坡slope
作出坡度laid to falls
炉渣混凝土breeze concrete 圆阴角coving
圆阳角arris rounded 倒角splay
一个波段a corrugation 波峰top of corrugation 波谷valley of corrugation
技术名词缩写some technical abbreviations 钢筋混凝土R.C. reinforced concrete
预制混凝土P.C.C. precast concrete 低碳钢M.S. mild steel
镀锌铁皮G.I. galvanized iron 铸铁C.I. cast iron
石棉水泥A.C. asbestos cement 交流电A.C. alternating current 直流电D.C. direct current 三相电 three phase current 总长O/A overall length
中至中CC’S from center to center 剖面通过SEC’THRO’ section through 概述general 地点stand
- 14 -
基址plot 地产estate 场地site 吊装erection
建筑物的吊装erection of a building 机器安装installation of a machine 厂房建成implementation of a plant 拆毁damages 倒塌 collapse 倾覆tilting 裂缝crack
发霉mould、fungus 泛碱efflorescence
蒙灰及烟熏dust and soot 翘曲warp 杂项sundries
竣工wrought wrot
锻造beim schmied 细木做beim schreiner 粗木作beim Zimmermann
上梁宴请，封顶仪式topping-out ceremony roof wetting party 防护proof
防水water proof 防湿moisture proof 防潮damp proof 防蒸汽steam proof 防水汽vapour proof 气密air-tight
防虫vermin proof 隔声sound proof 其他miscellaneous 界限margin
旁注marginal notes 层ply
二层two ply 三层three-ply
可移动的可拆卸的removable demountable 格珊grating
颗粒分级grading
样板template gauge 小间cubicle booth 厕所间toilet cubicle 出纳间teller’s booth 电话间telephone box
- 15 -