小册子pamphlet 散叶leaflet
说明书prospectus
安装说明fixing instructions 建筑工地building site 工地测量survey of site
工地抄平leveling of site 基准横档sight rail 龙门板batter board
建筑用水准仪builder’s level 经纬仪theodolite
钉龙门板pegging of batter boards 准线wire 木桩peg
建筑工作building operations 现场管理site supervision 工地设施site installations
施工道路site road builder’road
临时接水temporary water connection 储仓筒仓storage bin、silo 工地办公室site office 工房barracks
工地食堂site canteen
工地试验室field laboratory
工地清理site clean-up job clean-up 建筑机械building machinery 落锤drop hammer
履带式装载机crawler-loader 铲shovel
挖掘机excavator shovel 动力铲power shovel 起重臂boom jib 戽斗bucket
履带caterpillar track 反铲backacting shovel 挖泥机dredger
抓斗grab grabbing bucket 混凝土搅拌机concrete mixer 混凝土搅拌厂concrete plant 泵pump
离心泵centrifugal pump 喷浆机guniting machine 压路机roller 起重机cranes
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旋转塔式起重机rotating tower crane 悬臂式起重机saddle jib crane 动臂式起重机swing jib crane 配重counter-weight
起重机行走架crane-carrier 起重滑车hoist block 卷扬机hoist 起重小车trolley 脚手架scaffolding 压缩机compressor
混凝土振动器concrete vibrator 风钻pneumatic drill
风动锤pneumatic hammer 电锤electric hammer
抹灰机plastering machine 发动机engine 电动机motor
结构构件structural elements
结构构件structural elements 上部结构super-structre
柱column 楼梯stairs 离心窗parapet 楼板slab 梁beam
外墙external wall 室外地面ground level 防潮层DPC
防潮层面DPC level 墙基plinth 地沟duct 基础footing
下部结构sub-structure 地面、地形ground、terrain 平地flat ground
地面斜坡slope of ground 自然地面natural ground 自然土natural soil 原土original soil 填土filled soil 堤坡embankment
几种土壤some type of soil 植物质vegetable matter 腐根dead roots
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表土topsoil
耕土gardening soil 下层土subsoil
石砾石stone、gravel 漂石boulders 粘土clay
软质岩石soft rock 硬质岩石hard rock
含有漂石的一般土壤common ground interspersed 挖土excavation
土方工程earthworks
清理场地的灌木、树丛、杂草及所有植物质clearance of site of shrubs、bushes、grass ＆all vegetable matter
槽trench 沟ditch
槽为垂直边帮a trench has vertical sides 沟为倾斜边坡a ditch has sloping sides 挖出的土excavated material 余土surplus material 地面水surface water 明沟channel 挡土板planking
地下水位level of ground water
地下水ground water、subsoil water 斜撑bracing 横撑strutting
排水water removal 找平drainage 基础 foundation 基础footing
基座base
墙基wall footing
基础底板foundation slab 设备基础machine base 楼板floor slab
带形基础strip foundation 联系梁tim beam
基础踏步stepping of foundation 基础底面bottom of foundation 打桩piling
板桩sheet wall piling
承台pile cap
表面摩擦力skin friction 桩pile
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桩足pile foot
挡土墙retaining wall 重力墙gravity wall 坝dam
土坝earth dam 地沟ducts 隧道tunel
地下停车场underground parking 地沟duct
通行地沟accessible duct 格珊或盖板grating or slabs 明沟open floor duct 暗线管暗地槽conduit
半圆型地沟half-round floor 槽groove
基础处剖面section through foundation 工作区working space
外墙perimeter wall
砂浆面层及凹圆踢脚screed with coved skirting 夯实砾石层hardcore 垫层blinding
侧砌砖垫层brick soling laid on edge 挖土工程说明some notes to excavations
灌注混凝土前基槽的地面应经工程是验收
the bottom of excavation shall be inspected and approved by the engineer before concrete is placed
局部松软土壤均应清除，其洞坑应用规定的材料填平并夯实
pockets of soft ground shall be removed and resulting voids filled with approved material and consolidated
基槽的边帮应用挡土板及横撑妥善支牢，以防塌方
sides of excavation shall be adequately supported by planking and strutting to prevent collapse
回填土应分层铺设，每层厚度不超过200毫米并全部用规定的方法夯实 filling shall be deposited in layers not exceeding 200mm thick and thoroughly compacted by approved means
剩余的土方应当均匀平铺在指定的场地上或从现场运走
surplus excavation material shall be deposited spread and leveled on site where directed or removed from the site 柱columns
砖或混凝土柱columns of brickwork or concrete
支柱pillar 垛墩pier 壁垛buttress 变截面taper
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型钢柱stanchion 管tube
外径outside φ
管式脚手架tubelar scaffolding 小柱mullion 工字梁I－beam
组合型钢柱columns of compound section 木柱columns of timber 撑prop 柱post 杆pole 墙walls
外墙external wall
内墙internal wall 周边墙perimeter wall 隔墙partition wall 围护墙enclosure wall 防火墙fire wall
共用墙common wall 承重墙load bearing wall 非承重墙non-bearing wall 女儿墙parapet wall 花格墙screen wall 装饰墙decorative wall 围墙boundary wall 梁beams
单跨梁single span beam
连续梁continuous beam 简支梁sub-spended beam 固端梁fixed-end beam 下翻梁down-stand beam 板梁flush beam strip 上翻梁inverted beam T型梁T-beam 小梁joist
过梁lintol lintel 斜腋tapered haunch 圈梁perimeter beam 装饰梁fascia beam 托梁spandrel beam 基础梁plinth beam 连系梁tie beam 板slabs
缘或边edge or side
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