煤矿瓦斯抽采设计 煤矿瓦斯抽采设计
摘要：随着煤矿开采深度的增加，矿井瓦斯问题日益严重。特别是对于高瓦斯矿井和突出矿井，日常生产过程中的最大安全隐患就是瓦斯事故。瓦斯问题不仅直接威胁着矿井工作人员的生命安全，而且间接制约着煤矿企业经济效益的增长。因此，如何能有效遏制瓦斯事故的频繁发生，现已成为制约国家煤炭行业可持续发展的一个关键性问题。
目前，在高瓦斯矿井中应用较为普遍的为瓦斯采抽采技术，它采用上下顺槽打顺层平行钻孔预抽、高位钻孔抽放和采空区埋管抽放、上隅角抽放相结合的瓦斯抽放方法，可以有效将煤层瓦斯含量降低到安全指标以下，从而可以对工作面进行安全回采。
根据华泰煤矿现有的各项地质资料以及矿井瓦斯状况，该矿井可以而且必须进行瓦斯抽采工作。因此，本设计针对这一条件，对该矿井进行瓦斯抽采设计，从而使得该矿井的瓦斯治理工作能够得到科学管理，生产工作能够达到安全高效的水平。
关键词：高瓦斯矿井；瓦斯抽采；顺层平行钻孔；高位钻孔；上隅角抽采
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煤矿瓦斯抽采设计
The Gas Drainage Design
Abstract：As the increase of mining depth of the coal mines, the mine gas problem has been more and more serious. The gas accident is the maximum security in the course of daily production, especially for the high gas mine and outburst mine. It not only threatens the coal mine staffs’ life satety, but also restricts the growth of the coal mine enterprise’s economic benefits. Therefore, it has been a key problem that restricts the coal industry’s sustainable development of the state that how we can contain the frequent occurrence of the gas accidents effectively.
At present, the gas drainage technology has been widely applicated relatively in high gas mine, which includes beating parallel hole drilled along seam in the under and lower crossheadings to pre-pump, beating highlyloacted holes to pre-pump and discharge, burying tubes to pump in the goaf and drainaging in the upper corner. The combination of these methods can reduce the gas content in the coal seam under the safety index so that we can mining safely in the working face.
We can and must drainaning gas in Hua Tai coal basing on the existing coal geological information and the mine gas condition. Therefore, this design conducts the gas drainage design on the coal mine according to this condition to make the coal mine gas controlling work to get a scientific management and make the production work to achieve a safe and efficient level.
Keywords：high gas mine; gas drainage; parallel hole drilled along seam; highlylocated hole; drainaging in the upper corner
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煤矿瓦斯抽采设计
目 录
1 引 言 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 设计的目的与意义 .................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 设计依据 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 设计的指导思想........................................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 设计的主要技术方法 .............................................................................................................................................................. 2 2 矿井概况 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 井田概况 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 2.2 井田地质特征 ................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 矿井开拓、开采概况 .......................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.4 矿井通风系统概况 ................................................................................................................................................................ 20 3 矿井瓦斯赋存情况 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 22 3.1 煤层瓦斯基本参数 ................................................................................................................................................................ 22 3.2 矿井瓦斯储量 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 23 3.3 矿井瓦斯涌出量预测 .......................................................................................................................................................... 24 3.4 矿井可抽瓦斯量及可抽期.............................................................................................................................................. 27 4 瓦斯抽采的必要性和可行性论证 ....................................................................................................................................... 30 4.1 瓦斯抽采的必要性 ................................................................................................................................................................ 30 4.2 瓦斯抽采的可行性 ................................................................................................................................................................ 31 5 抽采方法 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 5.1 规定 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 5.2 矿井瓦斯来源分析 ................................................................................................................................................................ 33 5.3 抽采方法选择 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 34 5.4 钻孔及钻场布置....................................................................................................................................................................... 35 5.5 抽采设计 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 5.6 封孔方法 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 41 6 瓦斯抽放管路系统及设备选型 ............................................................................................................................................. 42 6.1 抽放管路选型及阻力计算.............................................................................................................................................. 42
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煤矿瓦斯抽采设计
6.2 瓦斯抽放泵选型....................................................................................................................................................................... 46 6.3 辅助设备 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 48 7 经济概算 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 55 7.1 编制依据 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 55 7.2 费用概算范围 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 55 7.3 技术经济分析与评价 .......................................................................................................................................................... 55 8 安全技术措施 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 57 8.1 安全措施制定的相关要求.............................................................................................................................................. 57 8.2 地面抽放瓦斯站安全措施的要求 ........................................................................................................................... 57 8.3 抽采系统及抽采泵站的安全措施 ........................................................................................................................... 58 8.4 安全管理措施 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 59 9 瓦斯的综合利用与配套设施 ................................................................................................................................................... 60 9.1 矿井瓦斯利用 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 60 9.2 瓦斯利用管路布置 ................................................................................................................................................................ 60 9.3 配套设施 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 60 9.4 监测监控系统 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 62 9.5 地面建筑及环保....................................................................................................................................................................... 63 10 抽放瓦斯管理 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 64 10.1 瓦斯抽放管理及规章制度 .......................................................................................................................................... 64 10.2 机构设置及人员配置 ....................................................................................................................................................... 65 10.3 瓦斯抽放技术资料 ............................................................................................................................................................. 66 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 67 致 谢 ................................................................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
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煤矿瓦斯抽采设计
1 引 言
华泰煤矿为一座基建矿井，设计生产能力60万t/a，矿井服务年限为30.0a。主要开采煤层为二1煤，矿井工业资源/储量为3319.4万t。本矿井主井进风提煤、副井进料、提矸、提人并兼进风，矿井设有专用回风立井。本矿采用单水平上山开拓，全井田沿走向划分3个采区，首采区为井田中部11采区，接替采区分别为12采区和13采区，矿井首采工作面为11050工作面，11090为接替工作面。本矿井主采煤层二1煤为粉状无烟煤，煤层平均厚度4.62m，井田煤层大部可采，但煤层厚度变化较大，二1煤层为不易自燃发火煤层，且无煤尘爆炸危险性。二1煤层顶底板岩层稳定性较差。
为贯彻执行党和国家的“安全第一, 预防为主，综合治理”的安全生产方针和国家安全生产监督管理局制定的“先抽后采, 以风定产, 监测监控”的煤矿安全生产管理方针, 该矿已在井下安装了为回采工作面服务的移动式瓦斯抽放泵站和与其相配套的瓦斯抽放系统。 抽出的瓦斯直接排放到矿井的回风系统中。随着矿井瓦斯涌出量的增大，总回风的瓦斯浓度较高，另外，井下移动泵站的管理也比较复杂，经常需要对瓦斯抽放泵的水垢进行清理。对华泰煤矿进行瓦斯抽采设计，建立地面抽放泵站是非常必要的和可行的。特此编写华泰煤矿瓦斯抽采设计说明书。 1.1 设计的目的与意义
1．我们本设计是在完成本科教学的全部学习任务之后所进行的一次综合性学科设计，此次设计可以将我们所学的关于煤矿方面的专业基础知识，如《煤矿地质学》、《煤矿开采学》、《通风安全学》、《矿井瓦斯防治》等方面的知识进行系统性的学习和巩固，从而将我们所学到的理论知识拓展到更高一个层次。
2．通过此次设计，我们可以进一步熟悉和掌握矿井生产的各个系统以及各个系统之间的协调关系；同时我们也可以对目前国内外煤矿行业的生产与安全有一个初步的认识与了解。
3．通过此次设计，我们可以培养自己遇到问题独立思考的习惯，以及提升我们分析问题、解决问题的能力，可以将所学的理论知识很好地与实际生产相结合。
4．河大煤业华泰煤矿是一个高瓦斯矿井，所采煤层属于三软煤层，矿井地质条件非常复杂，矿井瓦斯问题不仅直接威胁着矿井工作人员的生命安全，而且也间接制约着该煤矿企业经济效益的增长。而通过对该矿井进行瓦斯抽采，一方面可以在一定程度上遏制煤层瓦斯的突出，给矿井工作人员提供一个相对安全的工作环境，另一方面可以将瓦斯这种优质资源加以合理利用，给该企业带来可观的经济效益。
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