翻译考试复习题
I. Questions:
1. How do you define translation?
2. What are the most influential domestic and foreign translation criteria?
3. What are the major differences between English and Chinese?
4. How are foreignization and domestication defined? Please illustrate their differences by examples.
5. What is hypotaxis? What is parataxis? And what is the most striking difference in sentence building between English and Chinese?
6. What are the two major translation methods? Can you tell their differences?
7. What are the two major cultural translation strategies? What’s their difference?
8. What’s the difference between literal translation, free translation and domestication, foreignization? 9. What are the common translation skills?
II. Translation terminology
hypotaxis vs. parataxis 形合 vs. 意合
hypotactic language vs. paratactic language 形合语言、意合语言 false friends假朋友
semantic zero = lexical gap词义空缺
foreignization vs. domestication异化 vs. 归化 cultural disposition文化错位 cultural transplant文化移植 diction选词法
abstraction vs. specification具体化和抽象化 conversion of parts of speech词性的转换 amplification vs. economy增词法和减词法 synthetic vs. analytic综合语与分析语 literal tr.
free tr. (liberal tr.; semantic tr.) transliteration word-for-word tr.