语法复习十五：形容词和副词
比较级和最高级及其使用
形容词的比较级和最高级 说 明 一般情况 以e 结尾 加er, est 加r,st 例 词 smaller,smallest larger,largest 单音节词和少数多音以\辅音字母+y \结改y为i，再加节的形容词，加词尾busier,busiest 尾的词 er,est er ,est 重读闭音节结尾，末双写末尾辅音尾只有一个辅音字fatter,fattest 字母，加er,est 母 以ow,er结尾的双音加er ,est 节词 narrower,narrowest cleverer,clevest more beautiful, most important 多数双音节和多音节加more most 的词 副词的比较级和最高级
1．大多数以ly结尾的副词前加more 和most 来构成比较级和最高级。 2．少数单音节副词，加er,est 构成其比较级和最高级 。 几个特殊的形容词和副词 原级 good ,well bad, ill, badly many ,much little far old
比较级和最高级的常用句型 名称 相等 不及 句型 例句 as 原形 as (as 原形+The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train. He 名词 as ) has not as much money as his friend. not as(so) 原形 as (not She is not as (so)beautiful as her sister. as[so ]+名词+原形 as ) 比较级+ than Health is more important than wealth. 比较级 better worse more less farther, further older, elder 最高级 best worst most least farthest,further oldest, eldest 超越 用于否定 用于否定 程度递增 the +比较级+of the two 两He is the taller of the two. 者中较… 的一个 no +比较级+than 和…一He is no richer than I. 他和我一样不富样不 有。 最…不过 His work couldn't be worse. 他的工作再糟糕不过了。 er and er，more and more+多音higher and higher more and more important 节词原级 (越来越…) 两种情况the +比较级，the+比较级 The quicker you get ready, the sooner we'll be 同时变化 （越…，越…） able to leave. 三者或三the +最高级+of/in+比较范围 Of all things in the world, people are the 者以上比（…之中最…） precious. 较 比较级结构的修饰语 1．用于原级之前：
almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice,three times , a third,etc. John is almost as tall as you.
The river is three times as long as that one.
We have a third as many students as we had last term. 2．用于比较级前
many, a few (用于\可数名词\前)
It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.
a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent,three times etc. It's cold this year, but it's even colder last year.
We produced 6% more grain this year than we did last year. 3．用于形容词和最高级前
the very , much the ,by far the ,the first/second This hat is by far the largest in the world.
Gold is the very most valuable of all materials .
位置与功能
高考重点要求
1．掌握形容词、副词比较级、最高级的常用句型及用法
2．掌握形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数的比较表达。 3．注意多外形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序。
4．分清常用同义与近义形容词在表达中的语义差别。
此项语法内容从1991年到达2001年间共出现45次（包括上海题），可见其重要。 形容词作用与位置 1．定语。
在名词前做定语，为最常见用法。请注意多个形容词（含其它起形容词作用的词）做前置定语的顺序。